JP2016517142A - 電池セパレータの組成物および構造体を用いた電解質の直接ゲル化 - Google Patents
電池セパレータの組成物および構造体を用いた電解質の直接ゲル化 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
前述の通り、マイクロファイバは、内部の電池セル状態に関連して適切な耐化学性および耐熱性、ならびに示された範囲内で適切なファイバ構造体を形成できることを実現する、任意のポリマー(またはポリマー・ブレンド)から構成してもよい。このようなファイバはさらに、不織布製造中の交絡促進のために、フィブリル化などの技法を用いて処理して、ファイバ自体の表面積を増大させることができる。このようなファイバは、融解紡糸、湿式紡糸、溶液紡糸、メルトブロー積層など、長年のファイバ製造法から製造してもよい。さらに、このようなファイバは、バイコンポーネント・ファイバとして始めてもよく、解繊パイファイバ、海島ファイバなど、さらに処理することによって、そのサイズおよび/または形状を低減または変更してもよい。このようなファイバは、さらに処理するため適切な長さに切断してもよく、こうした長さは、50mm未満でよく、または25mm未満でよく、または12mm未満でもよい。このようなファイバはまた、優れた処理または高い強度を実現するため長めに製造してもよく、0.5mmを超え、1mmを超え、または2mmを超える長さでもよい。このようなファイバはまた、フィブリル化して、より小さいファイバ、または湿式不織布を有利に形成するファイバにしてもよい。
次いで、材料の組合せを測定して、湿式製造プロセスに投入する前に、両方の成分の異なる濃度を実現した。参考として本明細書に援用されるTAPPI試験法T−205によって手すきシートが製造された(基本的に、前述したように、非常に高い水性溶媒濃度の配合で高いせん断状態の下でともに混合し、通常これは湿式製造において典型的に使用され、ファイバの「精製」として説明され、また最終的には、湿った構造体を平面上に置いて溶媒の蒸発を可能にする)。最終的な不織布構造体を形成するために、いくつかの異なる組合せを製造した。この方法は、それぞれのシートに織り込まれる材料の最初の量を調整することによって、様々な主成分の重量に対応するように調節された。材料および比率が表2に示してある。
試験の手順は以下の通りであった。
次いで、2つの材料をロトフォーマ抄紙機で製造した。第1の実施例52が、75%のEFTec A−010−4、および25%の0.5デニール/フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)ファイバ(切断長6mm)から製造された。第2の実施例53が、37.5%のEFTec A−010−4、および37.5%のEFTec L−010−4、および25%のPETファイバ(切断長6mm)から製造された。ファイバ材料は、高せん断混合を使用して分散され、高い希釈度で水に混合され、次いで、ロトフォーマ・ヘッド・ボックスに供給され、重量が20グラム/m2のシートが製造され、熱風炉内で乾燥された。結果として得られるロールが、325°F、2200ポンド/リニア・インチでカレンダ加工され、結果として、第1のシートにおいて厚さが約40ミクロンになり、第2のシートで厚さが約30ミクロンになる。縦方向と横方向のそれぞれで12インチの長さを測定し、測定温度で安定している炉内に1時間置かれ、再度その長さを測定することによって、90℃、130℃、および160℃での収縮が測定された。収縮は、元の長さの百分率で表した、長さの変化である。シートの特性が、以下の表4に示してある。
56:上記条件を使用してカレンダ加工した。ただし、ロールは加熱しなかった。
57:カレンダ加工を介して、シートに実施例56の第2のシートを供給し、両シートをともに押圧した。
58:カレンダ加工を介して、56からのシートにロール状の複写紙を供給し、次いで、この複写紙から剥離した。
59:56からのシートを、同じ条件下で2度目に通過させて、カレンダ加工した。
60:57で重ねたシートを互いに剥離し、2枚の別々のシートにした。
正方形の実施例39が、正方形のCelgard2320とともに取り出され、液滴状の1M LiPF6/EC+DMC+DECの混合物(1:1:1の体積比)の電解質が表面上に置かれた。5秒後、電解質は、実施例39に完全に吸収され、(液滴の光沢表面からの)分光反射が観察されなかった。Celgard2320上の電解質液滴は、数分間にわたって残存した。リチウム・イオン電池セパレータが、電解質を分散させる処理速度を速めるには、ならびに電解質を確実に均一分散させるには、これは非常に望ましい。電解質の不均一に分散すると、充電および放電が繰り返される場合に樹状突起形成が促進されることが知られており、これがセル内の欠陥になり、回路の短絡につながる。
上記で実施したぬれ性(水平毛細管現象)試験に加えて、(ぬれ性試験に関して)電解液に浸したセパレータ試料を用いて、1時間にわたって垂直毛細管現象分析を実施し、10分毎に上方移動を測定した。別の試験はソックスレー抽出手順であり、ここで、浸漬された試料が次いで溶媒溶液中に置かれ、5時間にわたって還流できるようにされ、その後、還流試験の前に加えられた電解液に対して試料の重量損失が記録された。同様に、24時間の浸漬試験も実行して、その後に、電解質溶媒に曝された際の、試料セパレータ上での重量損失を求めた。各試験において、最終結果は、セパレータが、単に溶媒移動のための一時的な場所を提供しているのではなく、電解質溶媒を保持しているかどうか判定することであった。
図8には、外側のハウジング12を有する典型的な電池10の構造が示してあり、このハウジングは、その他の構成部品の全てを備えており、環境汚染物がセル内に入り込まないよう、ならびにセルから電解質が漏れ出さないよう、安全に封止されている。アノード14は、このようにカソード16と相前後して設けられており、少なくとも1つの電池セパレータ18が両者の間に存在している。電解質20は、封止する前にセルに加えられて、必要なイオン生成をおこなう。したがって、セパレータ18は、アノード14とカソード16が接触するのを防止し、ならびに、電解質20からそこを通り抜けて、選択されたイオン移動を可能にするのに役立つ。電池セルの一般的な形態は、この構造説明に従うが、電池セル自体のサイズおよび構造に応じて、それぞれの内部構成部品には様々な構造体のサイズおよび構成がある。この状況では、セル内でのセパレータの有効性を適切に試験するために、ほぼ円形の固体構成部品であるボタン電池が製造された。
Claims (2)
- 電解質調製物が存在する際に膨張能力を示す複数の選択的可溶性ナノファイバの存在を介して、電池セパレータの表面において前記電解質調製物を直接ゲル化する方法。
- 非ゲル化状態で液体電解質を内部に供給する方法を用いて製造され、前記液体電解質が、前記充電式電池の電池セパレータの構成要素と接触すると、前記電池セパレータの表面でゲル化特性を示す充電式電池。
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- 2014-03-17 JP JP2016503367A patent/JP6524537B2/ja active Active
- 2014-03-17 KR KR1020157022128A patent/KR102250926B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-03-17 WO PCT/US2014/030283 patent/WO2014145500A1/en active Application Filing
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US20210012976A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
HK1212513A1 (en) | 2016-06-10 |
EP2973833B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
US20140272599A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
WO2014145500A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
KR20150130990A (ko) | 2015-11-24 |
US10607790B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
CN105009345B (zh) | 2019-01-01 |
KR102250926B1 (ko) | 2021-05-11 |
CN105009345A (zh) | 2015-10-28 |
EP2973833A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
JP6524537B2 (ja) | 2019-06-05 |
EP2973833A4 (en) | 2016-10-26 |
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