JP2016513657A - 膀胱がんを処置する方法 - Google Patents
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- JP2016513657A JP2016513657A JP2016502177A JP2016502177A JP2016513657A JP 2016513657 A JP2016513657 A JP 2016513657A JP 2016502177 A JP2016502177 A JP 2016502177A JP 2016502177 A JP2016502177 A JP 2016502177A JP 2016513657 A JP2016513657 A JP 2016513657A
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Abstract
Description
本願は、これらのそれぞれの内容がその全体において参考として援用される、2013年3月14日に出願された、「膀胱がんを処置する方法」という題がついている米国仮特許出願第61/786,167号および2013年3月14日に出願された、「膀胱がんを処置する方法」という題がついている米国仮特許出願第61/786,175号に対する優先権の利益を主張する。
本明細書において言及する全ての刊行物、特許、特許出願、および公開特許出願の開示が、本明細書により、その全体が参照により本明細書中に組み入れられる。
本明細書において使用する場合、「処置」または「処置すること」は、有益なまたは所望の結果(臨床結果を含む)を得るためのアプローチである。本発明の目的のために、有益なまたは所望の臨床結果は、非限定的に、以下の1種または複数を含む:疾患に起因する1種または複数の症状の軽減、疾患の程度の減弱、疾患の安定化(例えば、疾患の悪化の防止または遅延)、疾患の拡大(例えば、転移)の防止または遅延、疾患の再発の防止または遅延、疾患の再発率の低下、疾患の進行の遅延または減速、疾患状態の寛解、疾患の(部分的または全体的)緩和の提供、疾患を処置するために要求される1種または複数の他の医薬品の用量の減少、疾患の進行の遅延、生活の質の増加、および/または生存の延長。また、膀胱がんの病理学的結果の低下が、「処置」により包含される。本発明の方法では、処置のこれらの態様のいずれか1種または複数を検討する。
本発明は、mTOR阻害剤(例えばリムス系薬物など)を含むナノ粒子を含む組成物の有効量を個体に投与することを含む、個体(例えばヒトなど)において膀胱がんを処置する方法を提供する。一部の実施形態において、リムス系薬物およびアルブミンを含むナノ粒子を含む組成物の有効量を個体に投与することを含む、個体(例えばヒトなど)において膀胱がんを処置する方法が提供される。一部の実施形態において、本方法は、リムス系薬物およびアルブミンを含むナノ粒子を含む組成物の有効量を個体に投与することを含み、ナノ粒子中のリムス系薬物は、アルブミンでコーティングされている。一部の実施形態において、本方法は、リムス系薬物およびアルブミンを含むナノ粒子を含む組成物の有効量を個体に投与することを含み、ナノ粒子は約200nm以下(例えば約150nm以下など)の平均粒径を有する。一部の実施形態において、本方法は、リムス系薬物およびアルブミンを含むナノ粒子を含む組成物の有効量を個体に投与することを含み、ナノ粒子はアルブミンでコーティングされたリムス系薬物を含み、ナノ粒子は約200nm以下(例えば約150nm以下など)の平均粒径を有する。一部の実施形態において、本方法は、シロリムスおよびヒトアルブミンを含むナノ粒子を含む組成物の有効量を個体に投与することを含み、ナノ粒子は、ヒトアルブミンでコーティングされたシロリムスを含み、ナノ粒子は、約150nm以下(例えば約120nm以下など、例えば約100nm)の平均粒径を有し、組成物中のヒトアルブミンおよびシロリムスの重量比は、約9:1またはそれ未満(例えば約9:1または約8:1など)である。一部の実施形態において、組成物はNab−シロリムスを含む。一部の実施形態において、組成物はNab−シロリムスである。
本発明は、また、膀胱がんを処置するための組合せ治療の方法を提供する。このように、一部の実施形態において、mTORナノ粒子組成物で処置されている個体は、第2の治療に供される。一部の実施形態において、第2の治療は、手術、放射線、免疫療法、および/または化学療法である。上の膀胱がんを処置する方法の参照および記載は、例示的であり、本記載が等しく適用され、組合せ治療を使用して膀胱がんを処置する方法を含むことが理解される。
本出願は、さらに、1種または複数のバイオマーカーの発現に基づく、処置方法(例えば、上記の処置方法のいずれかなど)を提供する。本明細書において記載する方法のために有用なバイオマーカーは、p−S6K、pAKT、p−4EBP1、Ki67、p53、p63、スタスミン、タウ、SPARC、p73、c−myc、およびサイクリンD1を含むが、これらに限定されない。一部の実施形態において、バイオマーカーは、p−S6K、pAKT、p−4EBP1、Ki67、p53、p63、スタスミン、タウ、SPARC、p73、c−myc、TSC1、およびサイクリンD1からなる群から選択される。
個体(例えばヒトなど)に投与するmTORナノ粒子(例えばリムスナノ粒子組成物など)の用量は、特定の組成物、投与の様式、および処置されている膀胱がんの型によって決まりうる。一部の実施形態において、組成物の量は、客観的反応(例えば部分的応答または完全応答など)をもたらすために効果的である。一部の実施形態において、mTORナノ粒子組成物(例えばリムスナノ粒子組成物など)の量は、個体において完全応答をもたらすために十分である。一部の実施形態において、mTORナノ粒子組成物(例えばリムスナノ粒子組成物など)の量は、個体において部分的応答をもたらすために十分である。一部の実施形態において、投与される(例えば、単独で投与された場合)mTORナノ粒子組成物(例えばリムスナノ粒子組成物など)の量は、mTORナノ粒子組成物(例えばリムスナノ粒子組成物など)で処置された個体の集団の間で、約20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、または64%のいずれかを上回る全体的な応答率を産生するために十分である。本明細書において記載する方法の処置に対する個体の応答は、例えば、RECISTレベル、膀胱鏡検査(生検を伴うまたは伴わない)、生検、細胞診、およびCT画像に基づいて決定することができる。
上のセクションに記載する投薬レジメンは、単独治療および組合せ治療の両方の設定に適用される。組合せ治療法のための投与様式を、以下にさらに記載する。
本明細書において記載するナノ粒子組成物は、mTOR阻害剤(例えばリムス系薬物など、例えば、シロリムス)(から本質的になる種々の実施形態において)を含むナノ粒子を含む。ナノ粒子は、さらに、担体タンパク質(例えば、アルブミン、例えばヒト血清アルブミンまたはヒトアルブミンなど)を含みうる。難水溶性薬物のナノ粒子が、例えば、米国特許第5,916,596号;第6,506,405号;第6,749,868号、第6,537,579号、第7,820,788号において、また、米国特許公開第2006/0263434号および第2007/0082838号;PCT特許出願WO08/137148において開示されており、これらの各々が、それらの全体において、参照により組み入れられる。
本明細書において記載する方法は、一部の実施形態において、mTOR阻害剤のナノ粒子組成物の投与を含む。本明細書において使用する「mTOR阻害剤」は、mTORの阻害剤を指す。mTORは、ホスファチジルイノシトール3キナーゼ(PI3K)/Akt(プロテインキナーゼB)経路の下流のセリン/スレオニン特異的タンパク質キナーゼ、ならびに細胞生存、増殖、ストレス、および代謝の重要な調節因子である。mTOR経路の調節異常は、多くのヒト癌腫において見出されており、mTOR阻害は、腫瘍進行に対して実質的な阻害効果を産生する。
本明細書において記載するナノ粒子は、他の薬剤、賦形剤、または安定剤を含む組成物中に存在することができる。例えば、ナノ粒子の負のゼータ電位を増加させることにより安定性を増大させるために、特定の負に荷電した成分を加えてもよい。そのような負に荷電した成分は、グリココール酸、コール酸、ケノデオキシコール酸、タウロコール酸、グリコケノデオキシコール酸、タウロケノデオキシコール酸、リトコール酸(litocholic acid)、ウルソデオキシコール酸、デヒドロコール酸、およびその他からなる胆汁酸の胆汁塩;以下のホスファチジルコリンを含むレシチン(卵黄)ベースのリン脂質を含むリン脂質:パルミトイルオレオイルホスファチジルコリン、パルミトイルリノレオイルホスファチジルコリン、ステアロイルリノレオイルホスファチジルコリン、ステアロイルオレオイルホスファチジルコリン、ステアロイルアラキドイルホスファチジルコリン、およびジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリンを含むが、これらに限定されない。L−α−ジミリストイルホスファチジルコリン(DMPC)、ジオレオイルホスファチジルコリン(DOPC)、ジステアロイルホスファチジルコリン(distearyolphosphatidylcholine)(DSPC)、水素化大豆ホスファチジルコリン(HSPC)、および他の関連化合物を含む他のリン脂質。負に荷電した界面活性剤または乳化剤も、添加剤(例えば、コレステリル硫酸ナトリウムなど)として適切である。
本発明は、また、本明細書において記載する方法のいずれかにおける使用のためのキット、薬、組成物、および単位投与形態を提供する。
本願は、一部の実施形態において、リムス系薬物およびアルブミンを含むナノ粒子を含む組成物の有効量を個体に投与することを含む、個体において膀胱がんを処置する方法を提供する。
BCG抵抗性の筋層非浸潤性膀胱がん(NMIBC)の膀胱内処置のためのNabシロリムス(mTOR阻害剤)の最大送達用量(MDD)および安全性を確立するための第1相臨床治験。
BCG抵抗性NMIBCを伴う患者は、膀胱鏡検査の間での目に見える腫瘍の切除に続き、滅菌尿道カテーテルにより膀胱内にNabシロリムスを受ける。本試験では、15人の患者、1コホート当たり3人を登録する:100mg/週、100mg 2×/週(合計用量週200mg)、300mg/週、200mg 2×/週(合計用量週400mg)、および400mg/週の6週間にわたる処置。各々の処置のために、nabシロリムスを100mlの0.9%塩化ナトリウムで再構成する。患者は、排尿前に2時間にわたり膀胱内に薬物を保つように指示される。国立がん研究所の共通毒性基準(NCI CTC)V3.0グレード2の局所毒性が発生した場合、処置は1用量について遅延され、毒性がグレード1またはそれ未満に消散される場合に再開する。DLT(用量限定毒性)は、任意のグレード3または4の事象と考えられ、患者は治験から直ぐに除去される。用量漸増は、MDDを確立するために、3+3規則に従う。最後の処置の6週間後、患者は、膀胱鏡検査および生検を受ける。完全応答(CR)は、処置の6週間後のがん陰性生検として定義される。
(実施例2)
膀胱がんの遺伝子操作マウスモデルにおける膀胱内NabシロリムスおよびBCGの組合せの有効性
(実施例3)
NMIBCを伴う患者における膀胱内nabシロリムスの全身および標的組織薬物暴露の評価
(実施例4)
患者の組織試料中での標的バイオマーカー抑制および他の関連分子マーカーの評価
(実施例5)
BCG抵抗性NMIBCにおいて膀胱内NABシロリムスの有効性、安全性、および潜在能を予測可能なバイオマーカーを評価するための第2相臨床試験
(実施例6)
BCG抵抗性NMIBCにおける膀胱内NABシロリムス+BCGの有効性、安全性、および潜在能を予測可能なバイオマーカーを評価するための第2相臨床試験
(実施例7)
BCG抵抗性NMIBCにおける膀胱内nabシロリムスおよびマイトマイシンCの組合せの有効性および安全性を評価するための第2相臨床試験
(実施例8)
膀胱がんの異種移植モデル(T24)でのNabシロリムスと種々の薬剤の組合せの有効性
(実施例9)
BCG抵抗性NMIBCにおける膀胱内nabシロリムスおよびゲムシタビンの組合せの有効性および安全性を評価するための第2相臨床試験
Claims (26)
- リムス系薬物およびアルブミンを含むナノ粒子を含む組成物の有効量を個体に投与することを含む、該個体において膀胱がんを処置する方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子組成物が膀胱内に投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記膀胱がんが筋層非浸潤性膀胱がんである、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記膀胱がんが、BCG、マイマイシンCまたはインターフェロンによる処置に抵抗性である、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子組成物が毎週少なくとも1回投与される、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子組成物中のリムス系薬物の用量が、約5から約500mgである、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子組成物中のリムス系薬物の用量が、約30から約400mgである、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子組成物が約20から約150mlの容量で投与される、請求項6または7に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子組成物が膀胱内に投与され、前記組成物が前記膀胱内に約30分から約4時間の間保持される、請求項6から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第2の治療剤の有効量を投与することをさらに含む、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の治療剤が免疫治療剤である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の治療剤がBCGである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記BCGが膀胱内に投与される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記BCGが約8mgから約100mgの用量で投与される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の治療剤が、アルキル化剤、アントラサイクリン抗生物質、代謝拮抗剤、インドールキノン、タキサンおよび白金系剤からなる群から選択される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の治療剤が、マイトマイシン、エピルビシン、ドキソルビシン、バルルビシン、ゲムシタビン、アパジコン、ドセタキセル、パクリタキセルおよびシスプラチンからなる群から選択される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記リムス系薬物がシロリムスである、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物中の前記ナノ粒子が約200nm以下の平均直径を有する、請求項1から17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子中の前記リムス系薬物がアルブミンでコーティングされている、請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記膀胱がんが尿路上皮癌である、請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記膀胱がんが高悪性度膀胱がんである、請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記個体がヒトである、請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記個体が、p−S6K、pAKT、p−4EBP1、Ki67、p53、p63、スタスミン、タウ、SPARC、p73、c−mycおよびサイクリンD1の1種または複数のレベルに基づき、処置のために選択される、請求項1から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 処置の前に、p−S6K、pAKT、p−4EBP1、Ki67、p53、p63、スタスミン、タウ、SPARC、p73、c−mycおよびサイクリンD1の1種または複数のレベルを決定することをさらに含む、請求項23に記載の方法。
- p−S6K、pAKT、p−4EBP1、Ki67、p53、p63、スタスミン、タウ、SPARC、p73、c−mycおよびサイクリンD1の1種または複数の高いレベルに基づき、処置のために前記個体を選択することをさらに含む、請求項23または24に記載の方法。
- 前記処置の後に、p−S6K、pAKT、p−4EBP1、Ki67、p53、p63、スタスミン、タウ、SPARC、p73、c−mycおよびサイクリンD1の1種または複数のレベルを決定することをさらに含む、請求項1から25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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KR20150127187A (ko) | 2015-11-16 |
JP2020050680A (ja) | 2020-04-02 |
RU2015143490A3 (ja) | 2018-03-13 |
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