JP2016513626A - メトキシ化芳香族化合物を単純芳香族化合物に変換する方法 - Google Patents
メトキシ化芳香族化合物を単純芳香族化合物に変換する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016513626A JP2016513626A JP2015561704A JP2015561704A JP2016513626A JP 2016513626 A JP2016513626 A JP 2016513626A JP 2015561704 A JP2015561704 A JP 2015561704A JP 2015561704 A JP2015561704 A JP 2015561704A JP 2016513626 A JP2016513626 A JP 2016513626A
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- aromatic compound
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- catalyst
- reactor
- lignin
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Abstract
Description
本明細書で使用するとき、用語「リグノセルロース材料」とは、リグニン、セルロース、及びへミセルロースを含む材料を指す。
予想外に、第8族金属、第9族金属、第10族金属、第11族金属、又はこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される遷移金属、及び担体として形状選択的ゼオライト又はシリカを含む触媒は、高い収率、選択率、及び変換率で、活性を失うことなく、メトキシ化芳香族化合物又はリグニンの単純芳香族化合物への変換において、水又はアルコール及び水混合溶媒を使用することを可能にすることが見出された。従来の水素化脱硫触媒又は水素処理触媒とは異なり、これら触媒は、H2S又は有機溶媒の使用を必要としなかったので、変換の安全性プロファイルが改善された。
アルミナ触媒上の10重量% Mo(MoS2として)を以下の通り調製した。11.46gのアンモニウムテトラチオモルブデート(Sigma−Aldrich Co.LLC,St.Louis,MO;純度99.97%、カタログ番号332446)を反応容器内で20mLのエチレンジアミン(Alfa Aesar GmbH & Co KG,Karlsruhe,Germany;純度99%、カタログ番号A12132)に溶解させ、これを氷浴に入れ、最初の添加時の激しい反応を避けるために固体をゆっくりと添加した。溶液を約60℃で約30分間加熱し、次いで、室温に冷却した。モリブデン前駆体の溶液を水中で混合し、アルミナ(約105℃で約18時間乾燥)に約60℃の溶液を含浸させた。単離された固体を一晩ロータリーエバポレーター内で真空下にて加熱し、次いで、約450℃で約3時間、窒素下でか焼した。
湿潤共含浸を用いて、シリカ触媒上の10重量% Pt(又はPd又はNi又はCu)を調製した。白金硝酸塩Pt(NO3)2(Chempur GmbH,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号6438)又は硝酸パラジウム水和物塩Pd(NO3)2・xH2O(Alfa Aesar GmbH & Co KG,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号11035)又は硝酸ニッケル水和物塩Ni(NO3)2・6H2O(Alfa Aesar GmbH & Co KG,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号12222)又は硝酸銅水和物塩Cu(NO3)2・3H2O(Alfa Aesar GmbH & Co KG,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号12523)を、10mLの水中2gの乾燥シリカ(Saint−Gobain NorPro GmbH,Steinefrenz,Germany;カタログ番号SS 61138)に添加した。周囲温度で撹拌しながら、スラリーを一晩含浸させた。含浸後、液体をデカントし、触媒を約105℃で約4時間乾燥させた後、約320℃で約4時間空気中でか焼した。触媒を反応器内で還元した後、約320℃の温度で約2時間、N2中5体積% H2を触媒上に流すことによって試験した。
湿潤共含浸を用いて、シリカ触媒上の10重量% Pt及び2重量%Mg(プロモーターとして)を調製した。白金硝酸塩Pt(NO3)2(Chempur GmbH,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号6438)及び硝酸マグネシウム水和物塩Mg(NO3)2・6H2O(Alfa Aesar GmbH & Co KG,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号11564)塩を、10mLの水中2gの乾燥シリカ担体(Saint−Gobain NorPro GmbH,Steinefrenz,Germany;カタログ番号SS 61138)に添加した。周囲温度で攪拌しながら、スラリーを一晩含浸させた。含浸後、液体をデカントし、触媒を約105℃で約4時間乾燥させた後、約320℃で約4時間空気中でか焼した。触媒を反応器内で還元した後、約320℃の温度で約2時間、N2中5体積%H2を触媒上に流すことによって試験した。
湿潤共含浸を用いて、フェリエライト触媒上の10重量% Ptを調製した。白金硝酸塩Pt(NO3)2(Chempur GmbH,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号6438)を、10mLの水中2gの乾燥フェリエライト担体(Zeolyst International,Valley Forge,PA;カタログ番号CP 914C CY(1.6))に添加した。周囲温度で攪拌しながら、スラリーを一晩含浸させた。含浸後、液体をデカントし、触媒を約105℃で約4時間乾燥させた後、約320℃で約4時間空気中でか焼した。触媒を反応器内で還元した後、約320℃の温度で約2時間、N2中5体積% H2を触媒上に流すことによって試験した。
湿潤共含浸を用いて、H−ZSM−5触媒上の10重量% Ptを調製した。白金硝酸塩Pt(NO3)2(Chempur GmbH,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号6438)を、10mLの水中2gの乾燥H−ZSM−5担体(Zeolyst International,Valley Forge,PA;カタログ番号CBV 3014 CY(1.6))に添加した。周囲温度で攪拌しながら、スラリーを一晩含浸させた。含浸後、液体をデカントし、触媒を約105℃で約4時間乾燥させた後、約320℃で約4時間空気中でか焼した。触媒を反応器内で還元した後、約320℃の温度で約2時間、N2中5体積% H2を触媒上に流すことによって試験した。
湿潤共含浸を用いて、アルミナ触媒上の10重量% Ni及び2重量% Sn(プロモーターとして)を調製した。硝酸ニッケル水和物塩Ni(NO3)2・6H2O(Alfa Aesar GmbH & Co KG,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号12222)及び酢酸スズSn(OAc)2(Alfa Aesar GmbH & Co KG,Karlsruhe,Germany;カタログ番号22361)塩を、10mLの水中2gの乾燥アルミナ担体(Saint−Gobain NorPro GmbH,Steinefrenz,Germany;カタログ番号SA 6173)を添加した。周囲温度で攪拌しながら、スラリーを一晩含浸させた。含浸後、液体をデカントし、触媒を約105℃で約4時間乾燥させた後、約320℃で約4時間空気中でか焼した。触媒を反応器内で還元した後、約320℃の温度で約2時間、N2中5体積% H2を触媒上に流すことによって試験した。
アニソール(Sigma−Aldrich Co.LLC,St.Louis,MO;純度99.7%;カタログ番号296295)の5重量%エタノール溶液を、約3h−1のLHSVにて、実施例1に記載の通り調製したアルミナ触媒上の10重量%Mo及び1重量% Wプロモーターの100μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を約250℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる平均生成物分布を得た。生成物は、約25体積%のフェノール及び約55体積%のアニソールを含有していた。
アニソール(Sigma−Aldrich Co.LLC,St.Louis,MO;99.7%純度;カタログ番号296295)の5重量%エタノール溶液を、約3h−1のLHSVにて、実施例4に記載の通り調製したフェリエライト触媒上の10重量% Ptの100μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。最初に供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を約300℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。最初に系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる生成物分布の平均を得た。生成物は、約96体積%のフェノールを含有していた。
2,6ージメトキシフェノール(Sigma−Aldrich Co.LLC,St.Louis,MO;純度97%;カタログ番号W313718)の5重量%エタノール:水(95:5体積%/体積%)溶液を、約3h−1のLHSVにて、実施例1に記載の通り調製したアルミナ触媒上の10重量%Mo及び1重量%Wプロモーターの100μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を約325℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる平均生成物分布を得た。生成物は、約5体積%の単純芳香族化合物を含有していた。
オイゲノール(Acros Organics,Geel,Belgium;純度99%;カタログ番号119115000)の5重量%エタノール/水(95:5体積%/体積%)溶液を、約1.5h−1のLHSVにて、実施例4に記載の通り調製したフェリエライト触媒上の10重量% Ptの200μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。最初に供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を約300℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。最初に系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる生成物分布の平均を得た。生成物は、約100体積%の単純芳香族化合物を含有していた。
オイゲノール(Acros Organics,Geel,Belgium;99%純度;カタログ番号119115000)の5重量%エタノール/水(95:5体積%/体積%)溶液を、約1.5h−1のLHSVにて、実施例5に記載の通り調製したH−ZSM−5触媒上の10重量% Niの200μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。最初に供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を約300℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。最初に系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる生成物分布の平均を得た。生成物は、約93体積%の単純芳香族化合物を含有していた。
オイゲノール(Acros Organics,Geel,Belgium;純度99%;カタログ番号119115000)の5重量%エタノール/水(95:5体積%/体積%)溶液を、約1.5h−1のLHSVにて、実施例5に記載の通り調製したH−ZSM−5触媒上の10重量% Cuの200μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。最初に供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を325℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる生成物分布の平均を得た。生成物は、約95体積%の単純芳香族化合物を含有していた。
オイゲノール(Acros Organics,Geel,Belgium;純度99%;カタログ番号119115000)の5重量%エタノール/水(95:5体積%/体積%)溶液を、約3h−1のLHSVにて、実施例2に記載の通り調製したシリカ触媒上の5重量% Ptの100μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。最初に供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を300℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる生成物分布の平均を得た。生成物は、約97体積%の単純芳香族化合物を含有していた。
オイゲノール(Acros Organics,Geel,Belgium;純度99%;カタログ番号119115000)の5重量%エタノール/水(95:5体積%/体積%)溶液を、約3h−1のLHSVにて、実施例6に記載の通り調製したアルミナ触媒上の10重量% Ni及び2重量% Snプロモーターの100μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。最初に供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を300℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる生成物分布の平均を得た。生成物は、約92体積%の単純芳香族化合物を含有していた。
5重量%のオイゲノール(Acros Organics,Geel,Belgium;純度99%;カタログ番号119115000)及び2.5重量%の2,6ージメトキシフェノール(Sigma−Aldrich Co.LLC,St.Louis,MO;純度97%;カタログ番号W313718)のエタノール/水(95:5体積%/体積%)溶液を、約3h−1のLHSVにて、実施例4に記載の通り調製したフェリエライト上の10重量% Ptの100μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。最初に供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を約325℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる生成物分布の平均を得た。生成物は、約49体積%の単純芳香族化合物を含有していた。
5重量%のオイゲノール(Acros Organics,Geel,Belgium;純度99%;カタログ番号119115000)及び2.5重量%の2,6ージメトキシフェノール(Sigma−Aldrich Co.LLC,St.Louis,MO;純度97%;カタログ番号W313718)のエタノール/水(95:5体積%/体積%)溶液を、約1.5h−1のLHSVにて、実施例5に記載の通り調製したH−ZSM−5上の10重量% Ptの200μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。最初に供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を約325℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。系を約2時間かけて安定させ、その時間中、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる生成物分布の平均を得た。生成物は、約93体積%の単純芳香族化合物を含有していた。
5重量%のオイゲノール(Acros Organics,Geel,Belgium;純度99%;カタログ番号119115000)及び2.5重量%の2,6ージメトキシフェノール(Sigma−Aldrich Co.LLC,St.Louis,MO;純度97%;カタログ番号W313718)のエタノール/水(95:5体積%/体積%)溶液を、約3h−1のLHSVにて、実施例3に記載の通り調製したシリカ触媒上の10重量% Pt及び2重量%Mgプロモーターの100μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の反応器の詳細を参照)に供給した。最初に供給を約22℃で約1時間かけて安定させた後、温度を325℃に上昇させ、ガスを流し始めた。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)であった。最初に系を約2時間かけて安定させ、流出液を廃棄した。次いで、流出液を約16時間回収し、GCによって分析して、ランタイムにわたる生成物分布の平均を得た。生成物は、約95体積%の単純芳香族化合物を含有していた。
リグニンを解重合させてリグニンモノマーを生成し、次いで、これをエタノール/水溶液に溶解させて、5重量%溶液を作製した。溶液を、約1.5h−1のLHSVで、実施例4に記載の通り調製したフェリエライト触媒上の10重量% Ptの200μLの床を備える反応器(第IV章の詳細を参照)に供給する。水素は、約16モル当量で供給し、窒素は、約10NmL/分で供給し、全ガス圧力は、約3MPa(30bar)である。生成物は、約90体積%超の単純芳香族を含有する。
反応器:最大触媒床体積約0.2mLの流通反応器系内で変換を実施した。この系は、温度コントローラー及びマスフローコントローラーを備え、触媒床に達する前に混合される別個の液体原料及びガス原料が供給された。ガス原料は、分子窒素(N2)及びヘリウム(He)で構成されており、これは、ガスクロマトグラフ(GC)分析用の内部標準として添加された。液体原料は、触媒床からの任意の圧力低下に打ち勝つために、ポンプ圧を約2.5MPa(360psig)に制御しながら反応器の上部に供給された。アスペクト比(即ち、長さ/直径)が75である石英又はステンレス鋼反応器を用いた。
上述の記載は、理解を明確にするためにのみ与えられているものであり、当業者にとって本発明の範囲内の変更は自明のことであるので、上述の記載によって不必要な情報が理解されるべきではない。
Claims (15)
- メトキシ化芳香族化合物及びメトキシ化芳香族化合物を含む組成物を単純芳香族化合物に変換する方法であって、
a.反応器内で、前記メトキシ化芳香族化合物及び前記メトキシ化芳香族化合物を含む組成物を触媒及び水素と接触させる工程と、
b.前記反応器から単純芳香族化合物を取り出す工程と、
を含み、前記触媒が、
i.第8族金属、第9族金属、第10族金属、第11族金属、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される遷移金属と、
ii.シリカ、チタニア、ジルコニア、形状選択的ゼオライト、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される触媒担体と、
を含む方法。 - 前記触媒担体が、形状選択的ゼオライトであり、更に、前記形状選択的ゼオライトが、フェリエライトゼオライトを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒担体が、形状選択的ゼオライトであり、更に、前記形状選択的ゼオライトが、H−ZSM−5ゼオライトを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属が、Fe、Ru、Co、Rh、Ni、Pd、Pt、Cu、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属が、Ni、Pd、Pt、Cu、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属が、前記触媒の約20重量%未満で含まれる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒担体が、シリカであり、更に、前記触媒担体が、プロモーター金属も含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記プロモーター金属が、Mg、V、Cr、Sn、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記水素を不活性ガスと混合する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記反応器が、流通反応器である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記流通反応器内の前記メトキシ化芳香族化合物及びメトキシ化芳香族化合物を含む組成物が、約10h−1未満の液時空間速度を有する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記反応器が、動作温度を有し、前記動作温度が、約250℃〜約400℃である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記単純芳香族化合物が、約30%超のバイオベース含量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- メトキシ化芳香族化合物を含む前記組成物が、解重合リグニン組成物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記単純芳香族化合物が、パラキシレンを含み、
a.前記パラキシレンをテレフタル酸に変換する工程と、
b.前記テレフタル酸をエチレングリコールと反応させて、ポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)樹脂を生成する工程と、
を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
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US13/796,070 US9452422B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2013-03-12 | Catalysts and processes for the production of aromatic compounds from lignin |
PCT/US2014/021669 WO2014159040A1 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2014-03-07 | Process for the conversion of methoxylated aromatic compounds to simple aromatic compounds |
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US9968922B2 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2018-05-15 | Dalian Institute Of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Catalyst for producing paraxylene by co-conversion of methanol and/or dimethyl ether and C4 liquefied gas, method for preparing the same and method for using the same |
WO2018015610A1 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | Simple process for converting lignocellulosic materials |
WO2018015608A1 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | Process for converting lignocellulosic materials |
US11155513B2 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2021-10-26 | Spero Renewables, Llc | Extraction of natural ferulate and coumarate from biomass |
WO2019025535A1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-07 | Universiteit Antwerpen | PROCESS FOR DEACYLATION AND / OR DEALKYLATION OF COMPOUNDS |
KR101999567B1 (ko) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-10-01 | 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 | FeReO_X/ZrO_2 촉매를 이용한 온화한 조건의 수첨탈산소 반응에 의한 리그닌 열분해 생성 페놀로부터 BTX 방향족의 선택적 생산방법 |
KR20190096010A (ko) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-19 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 리그닌 분해 촉매 및 이를 이용한 리그닌 분해 방법 |
CN111072477B (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 华南理工大学 | 一种铜催化解聚木质素制备对羟基肉桂酸酯的方法 |
EP4056267A1 (de) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-09-14 | Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren und katalysator zur herstellung von phenolbausteinen aus lignin |
CA3169962A1 (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2023-02-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Laundry detergent composition |
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