JP2016512496A - 非対称型ホスホニウムハロアルミナートイオン液体組成物 - Google Patents
非対称型ホスホニウムハロアルミナートイオン液体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
式中、
R1〜R3は同じか、または異なり、それぞれはヒドロカルビルから選択され;
R4はR1〜R3とは異なり、ヒドロカルビルから選択され;
Xはハロゲンである。
対して耐性のある触媒は利点を提供する。対照的に、アルキル化に使用される固体触媒は、一般に水があることによって急速に失活する。イオン液体は、HFのような触媒よりも腐食性が低く、不揮発性であるなどの他の液体アルキル化触媒より優れたいくつかの利点もある。
式中、
R1〜R3は同じか、または異なり、それぞれはC1〜C8ヒドロカルビルから選択され;
R4はR1〜R3とは異なり、C1〜C15ヒドロカルビルから選択され;
Xはハロゲンである。
ただし、条件として、式(I)に従った四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナート化合物は、化合物トリブチルベンジルホスホニウム−Al2Cl7を含まない。
イソパラフィンは、イオン液体触媒の存在下、反応条件において反応してアルキレートを生成する。本イオン液体触媒は、HCl、HBr、HI及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるブレンステッド酸共触媒を加えたホスホニウムベースのハロアルミナートイオン液体である。
くは、20℃から70℃の範囲であってもよい。圧力は、大気圧から8000kPaの範囲、好ましくは、反応物を液相に保つのに十分な圧力であってもよい。反応物の容器中での滞留時間は、数秒から数時間、好ましくは、0.5分から60分の範囲である。反応によって生じた熱は、当業者に知られている任意の手段を使用して除去されてもよい。反応器出口において、炭化水素相は、密度差に基づく重力沈降によって、または当業者に既知のその他の分離技術によってイオン液体相から分離される。その後、炭化水素は、蒸留によって分離され、変換されなかった開始イソパラフィンは、反応器に再循環させられる。
ートを生成するためのイオン液体触媒を含む。イソパラフィンは、パラフィンを含んでもよく、4から10個の炭素原子を有し、オレフィンは、2から10個の炭素原子を有する。一部の実施形態において、イオン液体触媒は、式(I)に従った四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナート化合物を含み、式中、R1、R2、R3及びR4は、4から12個の間の炭素原子を有するアルキル基であり、Xは群F、Cl、Br、Iのハロゲン及びそれらの混合物である。
トリブチルドデシルホスホニウムクロロアルミナートは、不活性雰囲気中で無水トリブチルドデシルホスホニウムクロリドをゆっくりと添加する2モルの無水塩化アルミニウムと混合することによって調製される室温イオン液体である。混合の数時間後に、淡黄色の液体が得られる。得られた酸性のILをイソブタンの2−ブテンによるアルキル化に触媒として使用した。
イソブタンの2−ブテンによるアルキル化を300ccの連続的撹拌式オートクレーブ中で行った。水分への曝露を避けるために8グラムのトリブチルドデシルホスホニウム(TBDDP)−Al2Cl7イオン液体及び80グラムのイソブタンを、グローブボックス中のオートクレーブに充填した。そのオートクレーブを、その後、窒素を使用して500psigに圧力をかけた。撹拌を1900rpmで開始した。8グラムのオレフィン原材料(10%のn−ペンタントレーサーを添加した2−ブテン原材料)を、その後、目標のi/oモル比の10:1に達するまで、0.5gオレフィン/g IL/hrのオレフィン空間速度でオートクレーブに充填した。撹拌を止め、イオン液体及び炭化水素相を30秒間沈降させた。(実際の分離はほぼ同時に起った)。その炭化水素相を、その後、GCにより分析した。この実施例に関しては、オートクレーブの温度を25℃に維持した。
一連のさまざまなホスホニウムクロロアルミナートイオン液体触媒を用いて、25℃(表2)、38℃(表3)及び50℃(表4)において実施例2の手順を繰り返した。Pベースのイオン液体とNベースのイオン液体の間の性能差を示すために、4つのイミダゾリウムまたはピリジニウムイオン液体を含めた。イオン液体は以下のものとした:A−トリブチルドデシルホスホニウム−Al2Cl7、B−トリブチルデシルホスホニウム−Al2Cl7、C−トリブチルオクチルホスホニウム−Al2Cl7、D−トリブチルヘキシルホスホニウム−Al2Cl7 E−トリブチルペンチルホスホニウム−Al2Cl7、F−トリブチルメチルホスホニウム−Al2Cl7、G−トリプロピルヘキシルホスホニウム−Al2Cl7、H−ブチルメチルイミダゾリウム−Al2Cl7、I−オクチルメチルイミダゾリウム−Al2Cl7、J−ブチルピリジニウム−Al2Cl7及びK−ヘキサデシルピリジニウム−Al2Cl7。
Claims (26)
- R1〜R3は同じである、請求項1に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- R4はR1〜R3のそれぞれよりも少なくとも1つ多く炭素原子を含む、請求項2に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- R4はC4〜C12ヒドロカルビルである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- R1〜R3のそれぞれはC3〜C6アルキルである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- R1〜R3のそれぞれはブチルである、請求項5に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- R4はC5〜C8アルキルである、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- R4はペンチルまたはヘキシルである、請求項7に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- 前記四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナートは、トリプロピルヘキシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルメチルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルペンチルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルヘキシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルヘプチルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルオクチルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルノニルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルデシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルウンデシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルドデシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;及びトリブチルテトラデシルホスホニウム−Al2X7からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- 前記四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナートは、トリブチルペンチルホスホニウム−Al2X7である、請求項9に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- 前記四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナートは、トリブチルヘキシルホスホニウム−Al2
X7である、請求項9に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。 - 前記四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナートは、トリ−n−ブチルヘキシルホスホニウム−Al2X7である、請求項9または請求項11に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- 前記四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナートは、トリブチルヘプチルホスホニウム−Al2X7である、請求項9に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- 前記四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナートは、トリブチルオクチルホスホニウム−Al2X7である、請求項9に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- 前記四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナートは、トリブチルドデシルホスホニウム−Al2X7である、請求項9に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- Xは、F、Cl、Br及びIからなる群から選択される、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- XはClである、請求項16に記載の式(I)に従った化合物。
- 請求項1から17のいずれか一項に記載の1つまたは複数の四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナート化合物を含むイオン液体組成物。
- 1つまたは複数の前記四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナートは、トリプロピルヘキシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルメチルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルペンチルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルヘキシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルヘプチルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルオクチルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルノニルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルデシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルウンデシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;トリブチルドデシルホスホニウム−Al2X7;及びトリブチルテトラデシルホスホニウム−Al2X7からなる群から選択される、請求項18に記載のイオン液体組成物。
- オレフィンとイソパラフィンを反応させてアルキレートを生成するためのイオン液体触媒であって、前記触媒は、請求項1から17のいずれか一項に記載の四級ホスホニウムハロアルミナート化合物あるいは請求項18または請求項19に記載のイオン液体組成物を含む、前記イオン液体触媒。
- 前記触媒は、20℃の温度において少なくとも50cStの初期動粘性率を有する、請求項20に記載のイオン液体触媒。
- 前記触媒は、50℃の温度において少なくとも20cStの初期動粘性率を有する、請求項20に記載のイオン液体触媒。
- 前記ホスホニウムハロアルミナート化合物のHR4の大気圧における沸点は、HR1の大気圧における沸点よりも少なくとも30℃高い、請求項20から22のいずれか一項に記載のイオン液体触媒。
- 共触媒をさらに含み、前記イオン液体触媒は前記共触媒が加えられる、請求項20から23のいずれか一項に記載のイオン液体触媒。
- 前記共触媒は、HCl、HBr、HI及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるブ
レンステッド酸である、請求項24に記載のイオン液体触媒。 - 前記ブレンステッド酸共触媒はHClである、請求項25に記載のイオン液体触媒。
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CA2892533A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 |
WO2014143324A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
WO2014143304A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
CN104968790A (zh) | 2015-10-07 |
US20140173775A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 |
IL238608A0 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
AU2013359340A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
SA515361041B1 (ar) | 2018-07-08 |
EP2931900A1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
US20140173781A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 |
RU2015127989A (ru) | 2017-01-19 |
JP6383778B2 (ja) | 2018-08-29 |
IL238821A0 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
WO2014093485A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 |
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