JP2016502460A - NOxおよび粒子を含んでいるディーゼル排気ガスを処理するための触媒システム - Google Patents
NOxおよび粒子を含んでいるディーゼル排気ガスを処理するための触媒システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016502460A JP2016502460A JP2015541038A JP2015541038A JP2016502460A JP 2016502460 A JP2016502460 A JP 2016502460A JP 2015541038 A JP2015541038 A JP 2015541038A JP 2015541038 A JP2015541038 A JP 2015541038A JP 2016502460 A JP2016502460 A JP 2016502460A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen oxide
- catalyst
- noble metal
- catalyst system
- oxide storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 210
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 zeolite compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 25
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSSYLTMKCUORDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Ba+2] CSSYLTMKCUORDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].[Ce] RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/10—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
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- B01J29/126—Y-type faujasite
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- B01J29/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
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- B01J29/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
- B01J29/42—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/44—Noble metals
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- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
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- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
Description
例えば、米国特許出願公開第2006/248874号明細書は、排気ガスの流れ方向に、窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒、微粒子フィルターおよび別の窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒を含んでいるシステムを記載している。第1窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒は、比較的低い温度で窒素酸化物を吸蔵するように、また300℃より上の温度で、リーン条件下でさえそれを再び放出するように設計されている。後者については、窒素酸化物は、下流の微粒子フィルターで微粒子の酸化を行うのに利用できる。しかし、窒素酸化物をリッチ条件で放出すると、窒素酸化物は還元触媒、例えば、ロジウムによってN2に還元されうる。第2窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒は、リーン条件下において300℃〜550℃の温度で窒素酸化物を吸蔵するように設計されている。このシステムの難点は、2種類の窒素酸化物触媒を使用することに関連したスペースが必要なことであり、それは多くの場合、確保できない。また、2種類の窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒を使用することは、経済的理由からも最善ではない。
米国特許出願公開第2010/236224明細書は、排気ガスの流れ方向に窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒および微粒子フィルターを含むことのできるシステムを記載している。このシステムは、窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒に対して流出側に、炭化水素を還元するための、排気ガス流への空気の計量供給用装置を有することを特徴とする。
− 窒素酸化物吸蔵成分と貴金属とを含む窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒と、
− 白金、パラジウム、および白金・パラジウムの群から選択される貴金属を含んでいるディーゼル微粒子フィルターと
を含むディーゼル排気ガスを処理するための触媒システムにおいて、
窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒の貴金属担持量が100〜180g/ft3(3.53〜6.36g/L)であり、ディーゼル微粒子フィルターの貴金属担持量が5〜35g/ft3(0.18〜1.24g/L)であることを特徴とする、触媒システムに関する。
− 窒素酸化物吸蔵成分および150〜180g/ft3(5.30〜6.36g/L)の量の貴金属を含む窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒と、
− 10〜25g/ft3(0.35〜0.88g/L)の量の白金とパラジウムを1:1のPt:Pd重量比で含み、かつ10〜25g/Lの量のゼオライト化合物を含むディーゼル微粒子フィルターと
を含む、ディーゼル排気ガスを処理するための触媒システムに関する。
− 窒素酸化物吸蔵成分と貴金属とを含んでいる窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒と、
− 白金、パラジウム、および白金・パラジウムの群から選択される貴金属を含んでいるディーゼル微粒子フィルターと
を排気ガスの流れ方向に含む触媒システムの上を通過するように送られることを特徴とし、
窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒の貴金属担持量が100〜180g/ft3(3.53〜6.36g/L)であり、ディーゼル微粒子フィルターの貴金属担持量が5〜35g/ft3(0.18〜1.24g/L)である、ディーゼル排気ガスの処理方法に関する。
a)窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒を製造するために、市販の流通基材を、総量が347g/Lの触媒配合物で従来の方法でコーティングした。ウォッシュコートは、標準ランタン安定化アルミナ上に担持された100g/ft3の白金と22g/ft3のパラジウムと5g/ft3のロジウムを含み、さらに17g/LのBaOおよび220g/Lの酸化セリウムも含んでいた。窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒の全貴金属担持量は127g/ft3である。
吸入ゾーン:ランタン安定化アルミナ上の100g/ft3の白金とパラジウム(重量比は2:1)および9g/Lの市販のベータ−ゼオライトが、フィルター基材の長さの1/3にある。流出ゾーン:ランタン安定化アルミナ上の10g/cftの白金とパラジウム(重量比は2:1)および10g/Lの市販のベータ−ゼオライトが、フィルター基材の長さの残りの2/3にある。
a)窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒を製造するために、ロジウム担持量を5g/ft3のままにして、白金担持量を126g/ft3に増やし、パラジウム担持量を37.8g/ft3に増やしたこと以外は、比較例のa)と同様の手順を実施した。その結果、貴金属の全担持量は168.8g/ft3となる。
吸入ゾーン:ランタン安定化アルミナ上の55g/ft3の白金とパラジウム(重量比は1:1)および9g/Lの市販のベータ−ゼオライトが、フィルター基材の長さの1/3にある。流出ゾーン:ランタン安定化アルミナ上の10g/ft3の白金とパラジウム(重量比は1:1)、および10g/Lの市販のベータ−ゼオライトが、フィルター基材の長さの残りの2/3にある。
実施例1および比較例による触媒システムのシステム性能は、NEDC(新欧州ドライビングサイクル(New European Driving Cycle))に準拠したエンジンテストベッドで測定した。この目的のため、排出されるCO、HCおよびNOxの量をmg/kmの単位で測定した。結果は表1に見ることができる。
実施例1のa)による窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒を、実施例1のc)によるディーゼル微粒子フィルターと組み合わせて触媒システムを得た。これは以下のようにして製造したものである。
市販の壁面流フィルター基材に以下のようにコーティングした。
壁面流フィルター基材の全長Lにわたる均質コーティング:ランタン安定化アルミナ上の10g/ft3の白金とパラジウム(重量比は1:1)および9g/Lの市販のベータ−ゼオライト。
実施例1のa)による窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒を、実施例1のc)によるディーゼル微粒子フィルターと組み合わせて触媒システムを得た。これは以下のようにして製造したものである。
市販の壁面流フィルター基材に以下のようにコーティングした。
吸入ゾーン:ランタン安定化アルミナ上の40g/ft3の白金とパラジウム(重量比は2:1)および9g/Lの市販のベータ−ゼオライトが、フィルター基材の長さの1/3にある。流出ゾーン:ランタン安定化アルミナ上の10g/ft3の白金とパラジウム(重量比は2:1)および10g/Lの市販のベータ−ゼオライトが、フィルター基材の長さの残りの2/3にある。
a)実施例1のa)による窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒を、ディーゼル微粒子フィルターおよびSCR触媒と組み合わせて触媒システムを得た。これは、排気ガス流れ方向に以下のような順序になっている:窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒、ディーゼル微粒子フィルター、SCR触媒。
壁面流フィルター基材の全長Lにわたる均質コーティング:ランタン安定化アルミナ上の50g/ft3の白金とパラジウム(重量比は6:1)および33g/Lの市販のベータ−ゼオライト。
Claims (14)
- 排気ガスの流れ方向に、
− 窒素酸化物吸蔵成分と貴金属とを含む窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒と、
− 白金、パラジウム、および白金・パラジウムの群から選択される貴金属を含んでいるディーゼル微粒子フィルターと
を含むディーゼル排気ガスを処理するための触媒システムにおいて、
前記窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒の貴金属担持量が100〜180g/ft3(3.53〜6.36g/L)であり、前記ディーゼル微粒子フィルターの貴金属担持量が5〜35g/ft3(0.18〜1.24g/L)であることを特徴とする、触媒システム。 - 前記使用される窒素酸化物吸蔵成分が、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、ランタンおよびランタノイド(Ce〜Lu)の、酸化物、水酸化物、酸化水酸化物、炭酸塩および炭酸水素塩であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の触媒システム。
- 前記使用される窒素酸化物吸蔵成分が、ストロンチウムおよびバリウムの、酸化物、水酸化物、酸化水酸化物または炭酸塩であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の触媒システム。
- 前記窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒の前記貴金属担持量が150〜180g/ft3(5.30〜6.36g/L)であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム。
- 前記ディーゼル微粒子フィルターの前記貴金属担持量が10〜25g/ft3(0.35〜0.88g/L)であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム。
- 前記ディーゼル微粒子フィルターがゼオライト化合物を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム。
- 使用されるゼオライト化合物が、β−ゼオライト、ゼオライトY、モルデナイトまたはZSM−5であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の触媒システム。
- 前記ゼオライト化合物が5〜25g/Lの量で使用されることを特徴とする、請求項6または7に記載の触媒システム。
- 前記ディーゼル微粒子フィルターがH2S遮断機能を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム。
- 前記ディーゼル微粒子フィルターよりも前記排気ガスの流れ方向の下流に配置されたSCR触媒を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム。
- 使用されるSCR触媒が、バナジウムを含む混合酸化物とバナジウムを含まない混合酸化物との群からの混合酸化物であることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の触媒システム。
- 使用されるSCR触媒が、CHA、SAPO、ZSM−5またはゼオライトβ型の、銅交換または鉄交換されたゼオライト類であることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の触媒システム。
- 前記排気ガスの流れ方向に、
− 窒素酸化物吸蔵成分および160〜180g/ft3(5.65〜6.36g/L)の量の貴金属を含む窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒と、
− 10〜25g/ft3(0.35〜0.88g/L)の量の白金とパラジウムを1:1のPt:Pd重量比で含み、かつ10〜25g/Lの量のゼオライト化合物を含むディーゼル微粒子フィルターと
を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム。 - ディーゼル排気ガスの処理方法において、前記ディーゼル排気ガスが、
− 窒素酸化物吸蔵成分と貴金属とを含んでいる窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒と、
− 白金、パラジウム、および白金・パラジウムの群から選択される貴金属を含んでいるディーゼル微粒子フィルターと
を前記排気ガスの流れ方向に含む触媒システムの上を通過するように送られることを特徴とし、
前記窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒の貴金属担持量が100〜180g/ft3(3.53〜6.36g/L)であり、前記ディーゼル微粒子フィルターの貴金属担持量が5〜35g/ft3(0.18〜1.24g/L)である、ディーゼル排気ガスの処理方法。
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- 2013-11-08 US US14/442,022 patent/US9527036B2/en active Active
- 2013-11-08 DE DE202013011730.3U patent/DE202013011730U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2013-11-08 CN CN201380058683.XA patent/CN104780997A/zh active Pending
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Also Published As
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US20150273394A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
CN104780997A (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
EP2931405A1 (de) | 2015-10-21 |
WO2014072067A1 (de) | 2014-05-15 |
DE202013011730U1 (de) | 2014-04-03 |
JP6285945B2 (ja) | 2018-02-28 |
US9527036B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
KR20150079986A (ko) | 2015-07-08 |
KR102088152B1 (ko) | 2020-03-12 |
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