JP2016211437A - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】機関排気通路内に排気上流側から順次、NOx吸蔵還元触媒22a、NO酸化触媒22b、NO2還元触媒22c、及び選択還元触媒22dが配置される。NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比が、NOx吸蔵還元触媒内に吸蔵されているNOxからアンモニアを生成するのに適したリッチ空燃比に一時的に切り換えられる。NOx吸蔵還元触媒により生成されたアンモニアは選択還元触媒に保持され、その後に選択還元触媒に流入するNOxがアンモニアにより還元される。このときNO酸化触媒及びNO2還元触媒により、選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合が選択還元触媒の最適割合に近づけられる。
【選択図】図1
Description
RPNOXa=(QNOXain−QNOXaout)/QNOXain
RONO=(QNObin−QNObout)/QNObin
RRNO2=(QNO2cin−QNO2cout)/QNO2cin
21,21a,21b,21c,21d 排気管
22a NOx吸蔵還元触媒
22b NO酸化触媒
22c NO2還元触媒
22d 選択還元触媒
Claims (12)
- 空気過剰のもとで燃焼が行われる内燃機関の排気浄化装置であって、
機関排気通路内に配置されたNOx吸蔵還元触媒であって、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比がリーンのときにNOxを吸蔵し、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比がリッチになると吸蔵したNOxを放出すると共に放出したNOxをN2又はアンモニアに還元するように構成されたNOx吸蔵還元触媒と、
前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒下流の機関排気通路内に配置されたNO酸化触媒であって、前記NO酸化触媒への流入排気ガス中のNOの一部をNO2に酸化するように構成されたNO酸化触媒と、
前記NO酸化触媒下流の機関排気通路内に配置されたNO2還元触媒であって、酸化雰囲気のもとで前記NO2還元触媒への流入排気ガス中のNO2の一部をNOに還元するように構成されたNO2還元触媒と、
前記NO2還元触媒下流の機関排気通路内に配置された選択還元触媒であって、前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガス中のアンモニアを保持すると共に酸化雰囲気のもとで前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガス中のNOxを前記アンモニアにより選択的に還元するように構成された選択還元触媒と、
前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比を、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒内に吸蔵されているNOxからアンモニアを生成するのに適したリッチ空燃比に一時的に切り換えるように構成された制御器と、
を備え、
前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒により生成されたアンモニアが前記選択還元触媒に保持され、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比がリーンに戻された後に前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガス中のNOxが前記アンモニアにより還元されるようにした
内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差が前記NO酸化触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差以下になるように、前記NO酸化触媒のNO酸化能力及び前記NO2還元触媒のNO2還元能力がそれぞれ設定され、前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差は、前記選択還元触媒の最適割合に対する前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合の偏差の絶対値であり、前記NO酸化触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差は、最適割合に対する前記NO酸化触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合の偏差の絶対値である、請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差が前記NO2還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差以下になるように、前記NO2還元触媒のNO2還元能力が設定され、前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差は、前記選択還元触媒の最適割合に対する前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合の偏差の絶対値であり、前記NO2還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差は、最適割合に対する前記NO2還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合の偏差の絶対値である、請求項1又は2に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記制御器は、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒の温度があらかじめ定められた設定温度を越えて上昇したときに前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比を、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒内に吸蔵されているNOxからアンモニアを生成するのに適したリッチ空燃比に一時的に切り換えるように構成されており、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒の温度が前記設定温度よりも高いときに前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガス中のNOxが前記アンモニアにより還元される、請求項1から3までのいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒の温度が前記設定温度よりも高いときに前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差が前記NO酸化触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差以下になるように、前記NO酸化触媒のNO酸化能力及び前記NO2還元触媒のNO2還元能力がそれぞれ設定され、前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差は、前記選択還元触媒の最適割合に対する前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合の偏差の絶対値であり、前記NO酸化触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差は、最適割合に対する前記NO酸化触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合の偏差の絶対値である、請求項4に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒の温度が前記設定温度よりも高いときに前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差が前記NO2還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差以下になるように、前記NO2還元触媒のNO2還元能力が設定され、前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差は、前記選択還元触媒の最適割合に対する前記選択還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合の偏差の絶対値であり、前記NO2還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合偏差は、最適割合に対する前記NO2還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合の偏差の絶対値である、請求項4又は5に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記制御器は、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比を、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒内に吸蔵されているNOxからアンモニアを生成するのに適したリッチ空燃比に一時的に切り換えた後、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒の温度が前記設定温度よりも低くなるまで、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比をリーンに維持するように構成されている、請求項4から6までのいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記制御器は、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒の温度が前記設定温度よりも低いときには、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比を、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒内に吸蔵されているNOxをN2に還元するのに適したリッチ空燃比に一時的に切り換えるように構成されている、請求項4から7までのいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒への流入排気ガスの空燃比が前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒内に吸蔵されているNOxをN2に還元するのに適したリッチ空燃比に一時的に切り換えられたときの前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒のNOx浄化率が、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒の温度が高くなるにつれて、上昇し、次いでピーク値に達した後に、低下するようになっており、前記設定温度は、前記NOx吸蔵還元触媒のNOx浄化率が前記ピーク値に達する温度よりも高い温度に設定される、請求項4から8までのいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記NO2還元触媒への流入排気ガスのNO割合があらかじめ定められたしきいNO割合よりも低い温度領域において前記NO2還元触媒のNO2還元率があらかじめ定められた設定NO2還元率よりも高くなるように、前記NO2還元触媒のNO2還元能力が設定される、請求項1から9までのいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記NO2還元触媒がカリウム又はリチウムを含んでなる、請求項1から10までのいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記NO酸化触媒及び前記NO2還元触媒が互いに共通の基材上に担持されている、請求項1から11までのいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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JP2009540189A (ja) * | 2006-06-06 | 2009-11-19 | イートン コーポレーション | 改良型のハイブリッドnox防止用システム |
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