JP2016202086A - Combine-harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem in which a grain culm transport device is reversed by causing a tool to engage with a projection of a transmission shaft for transmitting a power to a pretreatment part, in the case where a clog occurs in the grain culm transport device of a pretreatment part.SOLUTION: At an ordinary combine-harvester working time, the power of an engine E is transmitted to a pretreatment part through a transportation HST 13, a normal rotation output shaft 21 and a normal rotation (cutting) clutch 51. In the case where the pretreatment part is clogged, the power of the engine E is transmitted to the pretreatment part through the transportation HST 13, a deceleration gear train 25, a reversing output shaft 23 and a reverse clutch 53.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a combine that threshs while harvesting a culm, and more particularly to a transmission device that transmits power to a pretreatment unit.

  In general, a combine supports a traveling machine body with a horizontal cylinder (sleeve shaft) as a center so that the pretreatment unit can be raised and lowered, and power from the traveling machine body is transmitted to the front through a transmission shaft disposed in the horizontal cylinder. It is transmitted to the processing unit. Conventionally, one end of the transmission shaft protrudes outward from the horizontal cylinder, and a tool such as a spanner or a ratchet range is engaged with the protruding portion so that the transmission shaft is reversed, and the rice cake produced in the grain feeder The thing which removes clogging is devised (patent document 1).

  In addition, a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) is interposed in the transmission system to the pre-processing unit including the cereal conveying device, and the HST is shifted according to the traveling speed, and the operating speed of the pre-processing unit is determined as the traveling speed. Combines that can be synchronized are also devised. In the combine, when the HST is provided with a reverse bypass route and the traveling speed is 0 or less than a predetermined low speed close to 0 and in reverse, the HST reverses pressure from a hydraulic pump that reverses the hydraulic motor. A configuration has been proposed in which oil is always returned to the hydraulic pump side (Patent Document 2).

JP 2013-39092 A Japanese Patent No. 4301743

  According to the above-mentioned patent document 1, when a clogging occurs in the grain feeder, and the operator tries to reverse the pretreatment part, the operator inserts a tool into the protruding part of the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is manually operated by the tool. It was necessary to reversely rotate the cereal conveying device, and the burden on the operator was heavy and the operation was troublesome.

  In Patent Document 2, the HST is interposed in the pre-processing unit transmission system, and various driving speeds of the pre-processing unit linked to the traveling speed can be obtained. Although the speed can be increased to improve the efficiency of the handling operation, the reverse rotation of the cereal conveying device is restricted, and the culm cannot be removed by reversing the cereal conveying device.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a combine that solves the above-described problems by providing a reverse rotation output shaft in a transmission case and transmitting the power of a drive source to the preprocessing section via the reverse rotation output shaft. It is what.

According to the present invention, a pre-processing unit (59) is supported in front of the traveling machine body (3) so as to be movable up and down, and a drive source (E) and a transmission case (12) are arranged on the traveling machine body (3). In the combine (1) in which the power of (E) is transmitted to the pre-processing unit (5) via the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (13) provided in the mission case (12),
The transmission case (12) houses the reduction gear (25) and transmits the rotation via the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (13) to the forward rotation output shaft (21) and the hydraulic continuously variable. A reversing output shaft (23) to which rotation through the transmission (13) and the speed reducer (25) is transmitted, and rotatably supported;
The rotation of the output shaft for normal rotation (21) is transmitted to the preprocessing unit (5) via the normal rotation clutch (51),
Transmitting the rotation of the output shaft for reverse rotation (23) to the pre-processing unit (5) via the reverse rotation clutch (53);
It is in the combine characterized by that.

For example, referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the combine (1) includes a feed chain (62) that sandwiches and transports the culm from the pretreatment unit (5), and a grain that is sandwiched between the feed chains. A self-removing combine with a threshing machine (6) for threshing the straw;
The feed chain (62) is driven by a drive sprocket (61) which is arranged coaxially with the reverse output shaft (23) and interlocks with the reverse output shaft.

  For example, referring to FIG. 7, on the condition that the traveling machine body (3) is in a stopped state, the reverse rotation clutch (53) is connected to rotate the reverse output shaft (23) in the preprocessing section ( 5) can be transmitted.

  In addition, although the code | symbol in the said parenthesis is for contrast with drawing, it does not have any influence on description of a claim by this.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, during normal combine work, the rotation of the drive source is controlled by the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (conveyance HST) and the forward rotation output shaft by connecting the forward rotation (cutting) clutch. When the cereal clogging occurs in the preprocessing unit, the reverse clutch is connected, and the rotation of the drive source is transferred to the preprocessing unit via the transport HST, the speed reducer, and the reverse output shaft. Since it transmits as low speed and reverse rotation, the removal operation | work etc. of the grain clogging of a pre-processing part can be processed easily and with high workability | operativity.

  Further, since the transmission of the low speed / reverse rotation to the pre-processing unit is transmitted through the speed reduction device and the reverse output shaft, the conveyance HST is output in the same direction as the normal rotation transmission. The conveyance HST does not need to be reversed, the mechanism including the HST control device is simplified, and the stop control of the HST is facilitated.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the feed chain of the self-removing combine is driven by the drive sprocket that is coaxial with the reverse output shaft extending from the transmission case and interlocked with the reverse output shaft. Thus, the rotation of the output shaft for reverse rotation, which is rotated at low speed and reversely, is transmitted to the feed chain as it is, and the configuration of the transmission mechanism can be simplified.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the reversing clutch can be connected for the first time and the pre-processing portion can be reversed in a state where the traveling machine body is stopped, the combine moves forward, and an erroneous operation or the like occurs during normal combine work. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem that the preprocessing unit is reversed.

The left view which shows a combine. The left view which shows the traveling body front part of a combine. The right view which shows the traveling body front part of a combine. The transmission route figure which shows the transmission system of a combine. FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of a transmission system. The speed diagram which shows the relationship between driving speed and HST speed. The flowchart of reverse clutch control.

  A self-removing combine that is an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the combine 1 includes a traveling machine body 3 that can be traveled by a crawler traveling device 2, and a pre-processing unit 5 is supported on the front part of the traveling machine body 3 so as to be movable up and down. In the traveling machine body 3, a threshing machine 6 and a waste disposal device 7 are arranged on the left side, and a driver's seat 8, an engine and a glen tank 9 are arranged on the right side from the front. The pre-processing unit 5 is rotatably supported by a support column 3a erected integrally with the front part of the traveling machine body 3 with a sleeve shaft (horizontal cylinder) 10 as a pivot shaft, and cuts napped grains in the field. , And transport toward the threshing machine 6.

  A mission case 12 is fixed in front of the threshing machine 6 in the traveling machine body 3 and behind the column 3a. Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 3 with reference to FIG. 4, on the left side of the mission case 12, a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (transport HST) 13 comprising a pump 13a and a motor 13b is integrally provided. Further, a swash plate control motor 15 (HST control motor) 15 of the pump 13a is integrally provided on the transport HST13. In the transmission case 12, a drive shaft 16 through which power from the engine E is transmitted is rotatably supported, and a forward rotation output shaft 21 and a reverse rotation output shaft 23 are rotatably supported. . In addition, in the transmission case 12, the rotation of the drive shaft 16 is transmitted to the pump shaft 17 that is the input shaft of the transport HST 13, and the rotation of the motor shaft 20 that is the output shaft of the transport HST 13 is used for normal rotation. A gear train 22 that transmits to the output shaft 21 and a reduction gear train 25 that transmits to the reverse output shaft 23 are housed. The reduction gear train (reduction gear) 25 has a sleeve shaft 25a rotatably supported by a counter shaft 24 supported by the mission case 12, and a large gear 25b and a small sprocket 25c are provided on the sleeve shaft 25a. It is fixed. Gears 22 a and 22 b of a gear train 22 are fixed to the counter shaft 24, a large gear 22 c and a small gear 22 d are fixed to the forward rotation output shaft 21, and a sprocket 25 d is fixed to the reverse rotation output shaft 23. Accordingly, the rotation of the output shaft 20 of the transport HST 13 is transmitted to the forward rotation output shaft 21 as a rotation in the forward rotation direction via the gear train 22 and further decelerated (low speed) rotation in the reverse rotation direction via the reduction gear train 25. Is transmitted to the output shaft 23 for reverse rotation.

  A sorting pulley 24 is integrally fixed to the drive shaft 16 on the left outer side of the mission case 12. As shown in FIG. 4, the threshing machine 6 includes a sorting unit 5a and a threshing unit 6b, and a drive shaft 27 to which a tang fan 26 is fixed integrally. A belt 30 is wound around a pulley 29 integrally fixed to the drive shaft 27 and the sorting pulley 24, and a tension pulley 31 is in rolling contact with the belt 30. A pulley 32 is fixed to the left outer side of the pulley 29 of the drive shaft 27, and a pulley 33 is fixed to the right side (inner side of the fuselage) 26 of the drive shaft 27. From the pulley 32, a belt 35 extends toward a sorting portion 6a such as a second spiral, and from the pulley 33, a belt 37 is stretched over a pulley 36 for a handling cylinder so that the threshing portion 6b is moved. Can be driven.

  A traveling pulley 39 and a work machine pulley 40 are fixed to the output shaft of the engine E, and the traveling pulley 39 is driven toward the traveling device (traveling unit) 2 via a transmission such as a traveling HST. To communicate. The work machine pulley 40 has a belt 42 wound around the pulley 41 fixed to the left outer (inner machine body) protruding portion of the transmission case 16 of the drive shaft 16, and the belt 42 has a work The tension clutch pulley which comprises the machine (threshing) clutch 43 is rollingly contacted freely.

  A forward pulley 45 is fixed to the forward rotation output shaft 21 at a protruding portion that protrudes to the right outer side (airframe inner side) of the mission case 12. The output shaft 23 for reverse rotation protrudes to the right outer side (inner side of the machine body) of the mission case 12 on the same side as the forward rotation pulley 45, and the reverse rotation pulley 46 is fixed to the protruding portion. Further, a transmission shaft 44 for transmitting the power from the traveling machine body 3 to the preprocessing unit 5 is fitted in a sleeve shaft (horizontal cylinder) 10 that rotatably supports the preprocessing unit 5. A forward rotation pulley 48 and a reverse rotation pulley 49 are fixed to a protruding portion of the shaft 44 that protrudes from the sleeve shaft 10 to the right (inside the machine body). A belt 50 is wound around the forward rotation pulley 45 and the forward rotation pulley 48, and a forward rotation clutch 51 formed of a tension clutch pulley is in rolling contact with the belt 50 so as to be loosened and loosened. A belt 52 is wound around the reverse pulley 46 and the reverse pulley 49, and a reverse clutch 53 comprising a tension clutch pulley is in rolling contact with the belt 52 so as to be freely tensioned and loosened.

  The tension pulley that constitutes the forward rotation clutch 51 is supported at the tip of an arm 51a that is rotatably supported by the forward rotation output shaft 21, and the arm 51a includes a forward rotation clutch control motor (actuator) 55 (see FIG. 5) through a wire. The tension pulley constituting the reverse clutch 53 is supported at the tip of an arm 53a rotatably supported by the reverse output shaft 23. The arm 53a is a reverse clutch control motor (actuator) 56 (see FIG. 5). ) Via a wire. The forward rotation clutch 51 constitutes a cutting clutch that connects and disconnects the power to the pre-processing unit 5 during normal combine work. Therefore, the forward rotation clutch control motor 55 constitutes a cutting clutch control motor.

  The transmission shaft 44 is linked via a bevel gear 60 to a linkage shaft 59 inserted into a pipe-shaped pretreatment unit frame 57 that is integrally fixed in a direction orthogonal to the sleeve shaft 10, and the linkage shaft 44 The rotation of 59 is transmitted to each operation unit such as a cereal conveyance device and a cutting blade in the preprocessing unit 5 (a mowing drive unit). The reverse output shaft 23 also protrudes to the left outer side of the mission case 12, and the protruding portion is connected to a drive sprocket 61 disposed coaxially with the reverse output shaft 23 via a connecting shaft. . The drive sprocket 61 meshes with the feed chain 62 of the threshing machine 6 to drive the feed chain 62.

  In the driver's seat, various operation levers such as a main transmission lever and various operation switches such as a reverse rotation switch are arranged. The control unit 65 includes a main transmission lever potentiometer 66, a traveling transmission (T / M) rotation sensor 67 that is a vehicle speed sensor, a cutting clutch, a power clutch switch 69 that operates the on / off of the working machine clutch, and an operating position of the cutting clutch Each signal of the cutting clutch detection means 70 to detect, the working machine clutch detection means 71 to detect the operating position of the working machine clutch, and the hand switch 72 is input, and in addition, a reverse rotation switch (reverse rotation section switch, cutting section switch) 73 and a signal from the reverse clutch detection means 75 for detecting the operating position (ON, OFF position) of the reverse clutch 53 are input. Further, the controller 65 outputs signals to various actuators such as the transport HST control motor 15, the mowing clutch control motor 55, the work implement clutch control motor 76, and the reverse clutch control motor 56.

  Next, the operation of the above-described combine 1 will be described. In normal combine work, the power of the engine E is transmitted to the travel device 2 via a transmission (transmission T / M) such as travel HST, and the combine 1 travels at a predetermined vehicle speed. On the other hand, the power of the engine E is transmitted to the drive shaft 16 by the connection of the work machine clutch 43 and rotates the red fan 26, and is also transmitted to the sorting unit 6a and the threshing unit 6b, and the threshing machine 6 is driven.

  The rotation of the drive shaft 16 is input to the transport HST 13 via the gear train 19. As shown in FIG. 6, the transport HST 13 is operated in conjunction with the traveling speed of the traveling transmission to output a predetermined speed, and further outputs a predetermined rotational speed to the forward output shaft 21 via the gear train 22. . During the combine operation, when the power clutch switch 69 is turned ON, the cutting clutch control motor 55 is in a state of connecting the normal rotation (cutting) clutch 51, and the rotation of the output shaft 21 for normal rotation is via the belt 50. Thus, the rotation is transmitted to the transmission shaft 44 as normal rotation, and the respective operation units such as the cereal conveying device and the cutting blade of the preprocessing unit 5 are driven by rotation in the normal rotation direction in conjunction with the traveling speed. It should be noted that the reverse clutch 53 is disengaged in the normal rotation drive state by the normal rotation clutch 51.

  As a result, the combine 1 is driven at a predetermined speed while the threshing machine 6 is driven, and the conveyor HST 13 is shifted in conjunction with the travel speed, and the preprocessing unit 5 is driven at a speed corresponding to the travel speed. Then, the napped grains of the field are cut and the harvested grains are collected by the grain feeder and conveyed toward the feed chain 62. The cereals are sandwiched between feed chains 62 and threshed and sorted by a threshing machine 6, and the sewage is discharged to the rear of the traveling machine 3 by a sewage treatment device 7, and the selected grains are stored in a glen tank. 9 is stored.

  When the operator turns on the handling switch 72 and selects a handling operation, the transport HST 13 is set to a predetermined speed. At this time, power transmission to the traveling device 2 is cut off, and the combine 1 is in a stopped state. The predetermined rotation of the output shaft 20 of the transport HST 13 is transmitted to the reverse output shaft 23 through the gear train 22 and the reduction gear train 25 as a reduction and reverse rotation. The reverse clutch 53 is in a disengaged state, and the preprocessing unit 5 is in a stopped state. The rotation of the reverse output shaft 23 is transmitted to the drive sprocket 61, and the feed chain 62 is driven. Further, the rotation of the engine E is driven by the connection of the work machine clutch 43, so that the threshing machine 6 is driven, and the operator supplies the harvested cereal to the inlet portion of the feed chain 62 and sandwiches it between the feed chains 62. Threshing and sorting by the threshing machine 6.

  Next, the reverse clutch control will be described with reference to FIG. When the cereal clogging occurs in the cereal conveyance device of the pre-processing unit 5 and the operator removes it, the reverse rotation switch 72 is turned on (S1; ON). In this state, the traveling machine body is stopped (S2; YES), and it is detected by the work machine clutch detection means 71 that the work machine clutch 43 is engaged (S3; entered). Further, the cutting (forward rotation) clutch detection means 70 detects that the cutting (forward rotation) clutch 51 is in a disconnected state (S4; disconnection). In this state, the reverse clutch control motor (actuator) 56 is operated to rotate the arm 53a via the wire, and the tension clutch (reverse clutch) 53 tensions the belt 52 to engage the clutch (S5). Note that the airframe stop in step S2 is determined to be the airframe stop when the main transmission lever detects that the potentiometer 66 has a neutral position or when the traveling T / M rotation sensor 67 detects 0.

  Thereby, the rotation of the drive shaft 16 from the engine E is transmitted to the transport HST 13 through the gear train 19, and the transport HST 13 outputs at a predetermined speed. The rotation of the output shaft 20 is transmitted to the reverse output shaft 23 via the gear train 22 and the reduction gear train 25, and further, the low speed reverse rotation is transmitted to the preprocessing unit transmission shaft 44 via the reverse clutch 53 in the engaged state. The The rotation of the transmission shaft 44 is transmitted to the cereal conveyance device of the pre-processing unit 5, and the cereal conveyance device can be reversely rotated at a low speed to easily remove the stuffed cereal from the conveyance device. In the reverse drive state by the reverse clutch 53, the forward (cutting) clutch 51 is disconnected.

  When the reverse rotation switch 73 is turned OFF (S1; OFF), when the reverse rotation clutch 53 is engaged (S6; engagement), the reverse rotation clutch 53 is disengaged by the reverse rotation clutch control motor 56 (S7). When the reverse switch is in the ON state (S1; ON) and the machine is traveling (S2; NO) or when the work machine clutch 43 is in the disengaged position (S3; disengaged), the reverse clutch control is not activated. A message to that effect is sent (S8). When the mowing (forward rotation) clutch 51 is in the engaged state (S4; engaged), the mowing clutch control motor (actuator) 55 rotates in the opposite direction, and the arm 51a rotates in the direction in which the tension roller 51 relaxes. To do. Thereby, the cutting (forward rotation) clutch 51 is disconnected (S9). In this state, S1; ON → S2; YES → S3; On → S4; Cutting is circulated and the reverse clutch is engaged (S5), and the grain feeder of the pre-processing unit 5 is reversely rotated at low speed.

  In addition, although embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the self-desorption type combine, it is applicable similarly to a general purpose type combine. Further, the forward clutch 51 and the reverse clutch 53 are not limited to tension clutches, and may be friction clutches using friction plates or one-way clutches.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 (Self-desorption type) Combine 2 (Crawler) traveling device 3 Traveling machine body 5 Pre-processing part 6 Threshing machine 12 Mission case 13 Conveyance hydraulic type continuously variable transmission (HST)
21 Output shaft for normal rotation 23 Output shaft for reverse rotation 25 Reduction gear (gear train)
51 Forward (Mowing) Clutch 53 Reversed Clutch 61 Drive Sprocket 62 Feed Chain

Claims (3)

A pre-processing unit is supported in front of the traveling machine body so as to be movable up and down, a driving source and a transmission case are disposed on the traveling machine body, and the power of the driving source is supplied via a hydraulic continuously variable transmission provided in the transmission case. In the combine that is transmitted to the pre-processing unit,
The transmission case houses a reduction gear, and forward rotation output shaft to which rotation via the hydraulic continuously variable transmission is transmitted, and rotation via the hydraulic continuously variable transmission and the reduction gear is transmitted. The output shaft for reversing is supported rotatably,
The rotation of the output shaft for normal rotation is transmitted to the preprocessing unit via a normal rotation clutch,
Transmitting the rotation of the output shaft for reverse rotation to the preprocessing unit via a reverse clutch;
Combine that is characterized by that. The combine is a self-decomposing combine equipped with a feed chain that sandwiches and conveys the culm from the pre-processing unit, and a threshing machine that threshs the culm sandwiched between the feed chains,
The feed chain is driven by a drive sprocket that is arranged coaxially with the output shaft for reverse rotation and interlocks with the output shaft for reverse rotation.
The combine according to claim 1. It is possible to connect the reverse clutch and transmit the rotation of the reverse output shaft to the preprocessing unit on the condition that the traveling machine body is in a stopped state.
The combine according to claim 1 or 2.

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