JP2016115354A - 不揮発性メモリのリフレッシュ - Google Patents
不揮発性メモリのリフレッシュ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016115354A JP2016115354A JP2015241805A JP2015241805A JP2016115354A JP 2016115354 A JP2016115354 A JP 2016115354A JP 2015241805 A JP2015241805 A JP 2015241805A JP 2015241805 A JP2015241805 A JP 2015241805A JP 2016115354 A JP2016115354 A JP 2016115354A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C29/00—Checking stores for correct operation ; Subsequent repair; Testing stores during standby or offline operation
- G11C29/70—Masking faults in memories by using spares or by reconfiguring
- G11C29/76—Masking faults in memories by using spares or by reconfiguring using address translation or modifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/08—Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes
- G06F11/10—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's
- G06F11/1008—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's in individual solid state devices
- G06F11/1048—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's in individual solid state devices using arrangements adapted for a specific error detection or correction feature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/08—Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes
- G06F11/10—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's
- G06F11/1008—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's in individual solid state devices
- G06F11/1048—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's in individual solid state devices using arrangements adapted for a specific error detection or correction feature
- G06F11/106—Correcting systematically all correctable errors, i.e. scrubbing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/16—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using elements in which the storage effect is based on magnetic spin effect
- G11C11/165—Auxiliary circuits
- G11C11/1673—Reading or sensing circuits or methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0021—Auxiliary circuits
- G11C13/0033—Disturbance prevention or evaluation; Refreshing of disturbed memory data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C29/00—Checking stores for correct operation ; Subsequent repair; Testing stores during standby or offline operation
- G11C29/02—Detection or location of defective auxiliary circuits, e.g. defective refresh counters
- G11C29/028—Detection or location of defective auxiliary circuits, e.g. defective refresh counters with adaption or trimming of parameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C29/00—Checking stores for correct operation ; Subsequent repair; Testing stores during standby or offline operation
- G11C29/04—Detection or location of defective memory elements, e.g. cell constructio details, timing of test signals
- G11C29/08—Functional testing, e.g. testing during refresh, power-on self testing [POST] or distributed testing
- G11C29/12—Built-in arrangements for testing, e.g. built-in self testing [BIST] or interconnection details
- G11C29/38—Response verification devices
- G11C29/42—Response verification devices using error correcting codes [ECC] or parity check
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C29/00—Checking stores for correct operation ; Subsequent repair; Testing stores during standby or offline operation
- G11C29/04—Detection or location of defective memory elements, e.g. cell constructio details, timing of test signals
- G11C29/50—Marginal testing, e.g. race, voltage or current testing
- G11C29/50016—Marginal testing, e.g. race, voltage or current testing of retention
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C29/00—Checking stores for correct operation ; Subsequent repair; Testing stores during standby or offline operation
- G11C29/52—Protection of memory contents; Detection of errors in memory contents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C7/00—Arrangements for writing information into, or reading information out from, a digital store
- G11C7/04—Arrangements for writing information into, or reading information out from, a digital store with means for avoiding disturbances due to temperature effects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/37—Decoding methods or techniques, not specific to the particular type of coding provided for in groups H03M13/03 - H03M13/35
- H03M13/3707—Adaptive decoding and hybrid decoding, e.g. decoding methods or techniques providing more than one decoding algorithm for one code
- H03M13/3715—Adaptation to the number of estimated errors or to the channel state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/16—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using elements in which the storage effect is based on magnetic spin effect
- G11C11/165—Auxiliary circuits
- G11C11/1653—Address circuits or decoders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/16—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using elements in which the storage effect is based on magnetic spin effect
- G11C11/165—Auxiliary circuits
- G11C11/1675—Writing or programming circuits or methods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
- For Increasing The Reliability Of Semiconductor Memories (AREA)
- Read Only Memory (AREA)
- Techniques For Improving Reliability Of Storages (AREA)
- Memory System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
110 固定層
120 トンネル酸化物層
130 自由層
200 不揮発性メモリのリフレッシュ・システム
210 不揮発性メモリ
220 揮発性メモリ
222 マッピング・テーブル
230 制御装置
300 流れ図
400 グラフ
500A 不揮発性メモリ
500B グラフ
Claims (20)
- メモリ・セルを有する不揮発性メモリをリフレッシュする方法であって、
前記メモリ・セルのうちデータ保持試験を満たさない1つまたは複数のセルを識別するステップと、
元のメモリ・アドレスから予備のメモリ・アドレスに前記1つまたは複数の識別されたメモリ・セルを再配置するステップと、
前記1つまたは複数の識別されたメモリ・セルをリフレッシュするステップと
を含む方法。 - 前記予備アドレスが、揮発性メモリに記憶されたマッピング・テーブルに配置される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記予備アドレスが、不揮発性メモリに記憶されたマッピング・テーブルに配置される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つまたは複数の識別されたメモリ・セルを、前記予備アドレスから前記元のアドレスまで再配置するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つまたは複数の識別されたメモリ・セルを、前記予備アドレスから前記元のアドレスまで再配置する前記ステップが、前記不揮発性メモリが所定の温度よりも高い温度でなくなった後に実行される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記識別するステップと再配置するステップが、起動時に実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 誤り訂正符号アルゴリズムを使用して、前記メモリ・セルのうち誤りを有する1つまたは複数のメモリ・セルを識別するステップと、
誤りを有するものとして識別された前記1つまたは複数のメモリ・セルを、元のアドレスから予備のメモリ・アドレスに再配置するステップと
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記識別するステップと再配置するステップが、繰り返し実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記リフレッシュするステップが、
前記1つまたは複数の識別されたメモリ・セルからデータを読み取るステップと、
前記誤り訂正アルゴリズムを使用して、前記読み取ったデータを訂正するステップと、
前記訂正されたデータを前記1つまたは複数の識別されたメモリ・セルに書き込むステップと
を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記識別するステップが、所定の時間よりも短い書込み時間を有する、前記1つまたは複数のメモリ・セルを決定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記識別するステップが、所定の電流値よりも小さい読取り電流を有する、前記1つまたは複数のメモリ・セルを決定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記識別するステップが、所定の電流値よりも小さい書込み電流を有する、前記1つまたは複数のメモリ・セルを決定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記識別するステップが、所定の抵抗値よりも大きい抵抗値を有する、前記1つまたは複数のメモリ・セルを決定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記識別するステップが、所定のエネルギー値よりも小さいエネルギー障壁を有する、前記1つまたは複数のメモリ・セルを決定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記不揮発性メモリが、スピン注入磁気ランダム・アクセス・メモリである、前記請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つまたは複数の識別されたメモリ・セルのみをリフレッシュするステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つまたは複数の識別されたメモリ・セルを、識別されていないメモリ・セルよりも頻繁にリフレッシュするステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- メモリ・セルを有する不揮発性メモリと、
マッピング・テーブルを有するメモリと、
前記メモリ・セルのうちデータ保持試験を満たさない1つまたは複数のメモリ・セルを識別し、
元のメモリ・アドレスから予備のメモリ・アドレスに前記1つまたは複数の識別されたメモリ・セルを再配置し、
前記識別されたメモリ・セルをリフレッシュする
ように構成された制御装置と
を備える、メモリのリフレッシュ・システム。 - 前記不揮発性メモリが、スピン注入磁気ランダム・アクセス・メモリである、請求項18に記載のメモリのリフレッシュ・システム。
- 処理回路によって実行されると、前記処理回路が請求項1の方法を実施するように構成されたプログラム命令を含む、非一時的なコンピュータ読取り可能媒体上に実施されるコンピュータ・プログラム製品。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/570,219 US9595354B2 (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2014-12-15 | Nonvolatile memory refresh |
US14/570,219 | 2014-12-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2016115354A true JP2016115354A (ja) | 2016-06-23 |
JP6131313B2 JP6131313B2 (ja) | 2017-05-17 |
Family
ID=56081815
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015241805A Active JP6131313B2 (ja) | 2014-12-15 | 2015-12-11 | 不揮発性メモリのリフレッシュ |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9595354B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6131313B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102015121727B4 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI581094B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9824737B2 (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-11-21 | Intel Corporation | Memory circuit and method for operating a first and a second set of memory cells in direct memory access mode with refresh |
US11055167B2 (en) | 2018-05-14 | 2021-07-06 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Channel-scope proximity disturb and defect remapping scheme for non-volatile memory |
US10838831B2 (en) | 2018-05-14 | 2020-11-17 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Die-scope proximity disturb and defect remapping scheme for non-volatile memory |
US10665322B2 (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2020-05-26 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Forward and reverse translation for dynamic storage media remapping |
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JPH1139221A (ja) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-02-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 不揮発性半導体メモリに対する書き込みアクセス・リフレッシュ制御方法、並びに半導体ファイル記憶装置 |
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2014
- 2014-12-15 US US14/570,219 patent/US9595354B2/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-11-10 TW TW104136973A patent/TWI581094B/zh active
- 2015-12-11 JP JP2015241805A patent/JP6131313B2/ja active Active
- 2015-12-14 DE DE102015121727.9A patent/DE102015121727B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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JPH1139221A (ja) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-02-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 不揮発性半導体メモリに対する書き込みアクセス・リフレッシュ制御方法、並びに半導体ファイル記憶装置 |
JP2000173277A (ja) * | 1998-12-09 | 2000-06-23 | Hitachi Ltd | 不揮発性半導体記憶装置およびそのリフレッシュ方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI581094B (zh) | 2017-05-01 |
JP6131313B2 (ja) | 2017-05-17 |
TW201633126A (zh) | 2016-09-16 |
US9595354B2 (en) | 2017-03-14 |
DE102015121727B4 (de) | 2021-10-07 |
US20160172029A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
DE102015121727A1 (de) | 2016-06-16 |
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