JP2015525882A - 開放マイクロ流体チャンネルに関する方法、システムおよび装置 - Google Patents
開放マイクロ流体チャンネルに関する方法、システムおよび装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2012年7月23日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/674,415号明細書、題名“Methods,Systems,and Devices Relating to Open Microfluidic Channels”からの優先権を主張し、参照のためその全体を本明細書に援用する。
pf/pw<cos(θ) (1)
Claims (24)
- 毛細管作用により流体の流れを可能にするように構成された第1のマイクロスケールチャネルを含むマイクロ流体装置であって、前記チャネルは、
(a)親水性材料を含む濡れ表面であって、前記チャネル内を流れる流体と接触する濡れ表面と、
(b)開放空気/液体界面を含む自由界面であって、前記自由界面の断面長と前記濡れ表面の断面長との比が接触角の余弦未満であり、これにより自然毛細管流動を可能にする、自由界面とを含む第1の断面を含む前記チャネルの少なくとも一部を有する、装置。 - 前記第1の断面は矩形または台形形状を含み、前記自由界面は前記第1の断面の上部に画定された第1の自由界面と前記第1の断面の底部に画定された第2の自由界面とを含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記自由界面は、前記自由界面が表面上に貯留する一定容積の流体と接触し、これにより前記容積の少なくとも一部を捕捉し、前記容積の溝内への流れを生じさせるように前記装置の底部に画定される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記開放空気/液体界面は前記チャネルから流体試料を除去するためのまたは前記流体試料の任意の成分を除去するためのアクセスを提供するように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記開放空気/液体界面は第2の毛細管路を受け入れ、これにより第2の流体ネットワーク内への前記流体の流れを可能にするように構成される、請求項4に記載の装置。
- 前記チャネルは前記チャネル内に画定された開口を含み、前記開口は外部環境への流体アクセスを提供する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- (a)前記第1の断面と比較して寸法が大きい第2の断面と、
(b)前記第1の断面と前記第2の断面間の遷移領域とをさらに含む請求項1に記載の装置であって、
前記遷移領域は流体の流れのピン止めを引き起こし、その結果前記流れは液体が幾何形状変化の下流に供給される場合だけ可能になる、装置。 - 第1のチャネルは共用領域と流体連通し、少なくとも1つの追加チャンネルもまた前記共用領域と流体連通し、これにより流体追加の同期と無関係な装置充填を可能にする、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記自由界面の断面長と前記濡れ表面の断面長との前記比を低減する追加突起機構が前記チャネルの底部に追加され、より広い開放マイクロ流体チャネルの上の毛細管充填とより大きな容積の流体の収集とを可能にした、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 第1のチャネルは前記第1のチャネルの表面上に配置された材料を含み、これにより、前記材料は流体が前記第1のチャネル内を流れる際に溶液中に取り込まれるように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- マイクロスケールチャネル使用法であって、
(a)親水性材料を含む濡れ表面であって、前記チャネル内を流れる流体と接触する濡れ表面と、
(b)開放空気/液体界面を含む自由界面であって、前記自由界面の断面長と前記濡れ表面の断面長との比は接触角の余弦未満であり、これにより自然毛細管流動を可能にする、自由界面とを含む第1の断面を含む第1のマイクロスケールチャネルへ流体を供給するまたはそれから流体を除去する工程を含む方法。 - 流体を前記第1のマイクロスケールチャネルへ供給する前記工程は、第1のチャネルと表面上に貯留する流体とを接触させ、これにより前記流体を前記第1のチャネル内に引き込む工程を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記流体は血液であり、前記表面は皮膚の表面である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記流体を前記第1のマイクロスケールチャネルから除去する前記工程は第1のチャネルと第2のチャネルとを流体連通させる工程を含み、
前記第2のチャネルは前記第1の断面の比より小さい自由界面の断面長と濡れ表面の断面長との比を有する第2の断面を有する、請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記流体を前記第1のマイクロスケールチャネルから除去する前記工程は前記チャネル内に画定された開放空気/液体界面窓を通して前記流体から物質を除去する工程を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記流体から前記物質を除去する前記工程は窓に磁力を印加することにより磁気ビーズを除去する工程を含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記磁気ビーズを除去する前記工程は、前記窓において固体表面を液体の表面のほぼ近傍に配置するまたはそれに接触させることにより前記磁気ビーズを前記固体表面上にトラップする工程を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記流体から前記物質を除去する前記工程は、前記窓において流体界面に接触して配置された材料上で粒子をトラップすることにより粒子を除去する工程を含み、前記材料は粒子同士を結合するように構成された化合物を含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- マイクロスケールチャネル使用法であって、
(a)親水性材料を含む濡れ表面であって、前記チャネル内を流れる流体と接触する濡れ表面と、
(b)開放空気/液体界面を含む自由界面であって、前記自由界面の断面長と前記濡れ表面の断面長との比は接触角の余弦未満であり、これにより自然毛細管流動を可能にする、自由界面とを含む第1の断面を含む第1のマイクロスケールチャネル内で流体を移動する工程を、含む方法。 - 前記流体を第1のチャネル内で移動する前記工程は、前記第1のチャネルと少なくとも1つの他のチャネルとを通じて流体を共通チャネルまたは保持室内に推進する工程を含み、前記第1のチャネルと前記少なくとも1つの他のチャネルのそれぞれの中の流れは独立しており、これにより、気泡形成無しに異なる流れの合成を可能にする、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 第1のチャネル内で流体を移動する前記工程はさらに、前記流体を、任意の角度で配向された第1の面上を流れさせる工程と前記第1の面に対し任意の角度で配向されたコネクタにより前記流体が第2の面を横断させるようにする工程とを含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 第1のチャネル内で流体を移動する前記工程は、前記流体が前記第1のチャネルの上部の外気と前記第1のチャネルの底部とに流体連通するように前記第1のチャネルの底部内の開口の上を前記流体が流れるようにする工程を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 第1のチャネル内で前記流体を移動する工程はさらに、前記流体が前記チャネル内を移動されるにつれて乾燥形態の試薬が前記流体中に溶解するように前記第1のチャネルの表面上に前記試薬を塗布する工程を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 第1のチャネル内で前記流体を移動する前記工程はさらに、前記第1のチャネルの少なくとも1つの壁の少なくとも一部を試薬で被覆する工程を含み、前記試薬は対象粒子を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
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