JP2015525449A - 高電圧用正極活物質及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
高電圧用正極活物質及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015525449A JP2015525449A JP2015515957A JP2015515957A JP2015525449A JP 2015525449 A JP2015525449 A JP 2015525449A JP 2015515957 A JP2015515957 A JP 2015515957A JP 2015515957 A JP2015515957 A JP 2015515957A JP 2015525449 A JP2015525449 A JP 2015525449A
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- positive electrode
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001008 quinone-imine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005608 sulfonated EPDM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
上記スピネル型化合物粒子の表面に存在するカーボン系物質とを含むことを特徴とする正極活物質及びその製造方法に関する。
(a、x、z値は、明細書で定義した通りである。)
下記化学式1で表される組成を有するスピネル型化合物粒子と、
前記スピネル型化合物粒子の表面に存在するカーボン系物質とを含むことを特徴とする。
Mは、Ni、Ti、Co、Al、Cu、Fe、Mg、B、Cr、Zr、Zn及び第2周期の遷移金属からなる群から選択される1つ以上であり、
Aは、−1価または−2価のアニオンであり、
−0.1≦a≦0.1、0.3≦x≦0.8、0≦z≦0.1である。
Mは、Ti、Co、Al、Cu、Fe、Mg、B、Cr、Zr、Zn及び第2周期の遷移金属からなる群から選択される1つ以上であり、
Aは、−1価または−2価のアニオンであり、独立にF、Cl、Br、Iのようなハロゲン、S及びNからなる群から選択される1つ以上であり、
−0.1≦a≦0.1、0.3≦b≦0.6、0≦c≦0.2、0≦z≦0.1である。
前記化学式1で表される組成を有するスピネル型化合物をカーボン前駆体と混合する過程と、不活性雰囲気または酸素の濃度が35体積%以下である酸素欠乏雰囲気下で前記混合物を熱処理する過程とを含むことを特徴とする。
LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4:石油系ピッチを重量比で100:5の割合でコーン型撹拌機内に投入し、400rpmの回転数で1時間混合した後、窒素雰囲気で500℃の温度で20時間混合物を熱処理して、カーボン系物質で表面改質されたLiNi0.5Mn1.5O4を製造した。
正極活物質として、カーボン系物質で表面処理していないLiNi0.5Mn1.5O4を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でコイン型電池を作製した。
初期充放電特性
実施例1及び比較例1でそれぞれ製造されたコイン電池に対して、0.1Cの電流で3.5〜4.9Vの電圧範囲で1回充放電して、充放電特性を評価した。その結果を下記表1に示す。
高速充電特性
実施例1及び比較例1でそれぞれ製造されたコイン電池に対して、0.1Cの電流で充放電した後、5.0Cの電流で充電する条件で高速充電特性を評価した。その結果を下記表2に示す。
寿命特性
実施例1及び比較例1でそれぞれ製造されたコイン電池に対して、1.0Cの電流で100回充放電して寿命特性を評価した。その結果を下記表3に示す。
マンガン溶出量測定
実施例1及び比較例1でそれぞれ製造されたコイン電池に対して、0.1C電流で3.5〜4.9Vの電圧範囲で1回充放電を行った後、0.1Cの電流で4.9Vまで充電してコイン電池を分解した。分解したコイン電池から得られた正極を電解液15mLが入っている容器に浸した後、80℃の恒温槽で2週間保管した後、電解液に溶出されたマンガンの含量をICP(PerkinElmer社の7100モデル)で分析した。
高温保存特性評価
実施例1及び比較例1でそれぞれ製造されたコイン電池に対して、0.1Cの電流で3.5〜4.9Vの電圧範囲で1回充放電を行った後、0.1Cの電流で4.9Vまで充電して60度の恒温槽で1週間保管した後、自己放電量及び容量回復率を測定した。満充電状態で高温保存時に正極活物質の表面での電解液分解反応が加速化して自己放電量が高くなり、これによって、正極活物質の構造が崩壊する現象があり、これを観察しようとした。
Claims (15)
- 下記化学式1で表される組成を有するスピネル型化合物粒子と、
前記スピネル型化合物粒子の表面に存在するカーボン系物質とを含むことを特徴とする、正極活物質:
Li1+aMxMn2−xO4−zAz (1)
上記式中、
Mは、Ni、Ti、Co、Al、Cu、Fe、Mg、B、Cr、Zr、Zn及び第2周期の遷移金属からなる群から選択される1つ以上であり、
Aは、−1価または−2価のアニオンであり、
−0.1≦a≦0.1、0.3≦x≦0.8、0≦z≦0.1である。 - 前記スピネル型化合物は、下記化学式(2)で表される化合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の正極活物質:
Li1+aNibMcMn2−(b+c)O4−zAz (2)
上記式中、
Mは、Ti、Co、Al、Cu、Fe、Mg、B、Cr、Zr、Zn及び第2周期の遷移金属からなる群から選択される1つ以上であり、
Aは、−1価または−2価のアニオンであり、
−0.1≦a≦0.1、0.3≦b≦0.6、0≦c≦0.2、0≦z≦0.1である。 - 前記カーボン系物質は、化学式1のスピネル型化合物粒子の表面に物理的結合及び/又は化学的結合されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記カーボン系物質の平均粒径(D50)は2nm以上〜500nm以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記カーボン系物質は、化学式1のスピネル型化合物の全表面の20%以上〜100%以下の表面を覆っていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記カーボン系物質は、化学式1のスピネル型化合物の全表面の50%以上〜80%以下の表面を覆っていることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の正極活物質。
- 下記化学式1で表される組成を有するスピネル型化合物をカーボン前駆体と混合する過程と、前記混合物を不活性雰囲気または酸素の濃度が35体積%以下である酸素欠乏雰囲気下で熱処理する過程とを含むことを特徴とする、製造方法:
Li1+aMxMn2−xO4−zAz (1)
上記式中、
Mは、Ni、Ti、Co、Al、Cu、Fe、Mg、B、Cr、Zr、Zn及び第2周期の遷移金属からなる群から選択される1つ以上であり、
Aは、−1価または−2価のアニオンであり、
−0.1≦a≦0.1、0.3≦x≦0.8、0≦z≦0.1である。 - 前記スピネル型化合物は、下記化学式2で表される化合物であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の製造方法:
Li1+aNibMcMn2−(b+c)O4−zAz (2)
上記式中、
Mは、Ti、Co、Al、Cu、Fe、Mg、B、Cr、Zr、Zn及び第2周期の遷移金属からなる群から選択される1つ以上であり、
Aは、−1価または−2価のアニオンであり、
−0.1≦a≦0.1、0.3≦b≦0.6、0≦c≦0.2、0≦z≦0.1である。 - 前記熱処理過程は400〜800℃の温度で行われることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 前記カーボン前駆体は、石油系ピッチ、タール、フェノール樹脂、フラン樹脂及び炭水化物からなる群から選択された1つ以上であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 前記不活性雰囲気は窒素(N2)またはアルゴン(Ar)雰囲気であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- カーボン前駆体とスピネル型化合物との混合方法は乾式混合であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の正極活物質を含むことを特徴とする、リチウム二次電池。
- 請求項13に記載のリチウム二次電池を含むことを特徴とする、電池パック。
- 請求項14に記載の電池パックを含むことを特徴とする、電気車。
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KR10-2012-0074297 | 2012-07-09 | ||
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JP2018037254A (ja) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 活物質−炭素材料複合体、非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池及び炭素材料 |
JP2018055886A (ja) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-05 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 炭素被覆正極活物質及びその製造方法、正極、並びに非水電解質蓄電素子 |
JP2019169283A (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-03 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極材料、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池 |
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JP2018037254A (ja) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 活物質−炭素材料複合体、非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池及び炭素材料 |
JP2018055886A (ja) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-05 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 炭素被覆正極活物質及びその製造方法、正極、並びに非水電解質蓄電素子 |
JP2019169283A (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-03 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極材料、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池 |
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CN104364943B (zh) | 2017-03-29 |
CN104364943A (zh) | 2015-02-18 |
BR112014031381B1 (pt) | 2021-10-05 |
BR112014031381A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
KR20140007744A (ko) | 2014-01-20 |
US10658656B2 (en) | 2020-05-19 |
WO2014010856A1 (ko) | 2014-01-16 |
BR112014031381B8 (pt) | 2023-01-17 |
EP2840631B1 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
EP2840631A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
TW201417379A (zh) | 2014-05-01 |
EP2840631A4 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
US20150079474A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
JP5968527B2 (ja) | 2016-08-10 |
TWI496342B (zh) | 2015-08-11 |
IN2014DN09932A (ja) | 2015-08-14 |
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