JP2015524786A - 分配水素抽出システム - Google Patents
分配水素抽出システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015524786A JP2015524786A JP2015524335A JP2015524335A JP2015524786A JP 2015524786 A JP2015524786 A JP 2015524786A JP 2015524335 A JP2015524335 A JP 2015524335A JP 2015524335 A JP2015524335 A JP 2015524335A JP 2015524786 A JP2015524786 A JP 2015524786A
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
(式中、VH2は水素ガスに関する市場価値因子を表し、mH2は水素ガスの質量流量を表し、VNGはNGに関する市場価値因子を表し、cfmは計量器400から読み取られる全質量流量を表す)
[0049]図5Bは、消費者がパイプライン30によって供給される気体混合物から水素ガスのみを抽出し、全てのNGをパイプライン30に戻すシナリオを示す。上記で説明したように、消費者に請求される価格は、2以上の計算値の合計であってよい。第1の計算値は、消費されたエネルギーに水素の市場価値を乗じた値に比例させることができる。第2の計算値は、パイプライン30へのNGの戻りによって減じられるエネルギー価値に比例させることができる。以下の等式(式2)を用いてエネルギー価格を決定することができる。
(式中、Fdepletionは、消費者の水素ガスの抽出によってNGネットワークから減じられる価値を計上する因子を表し、他の変数は式1に関して上記に記載した通りである)
[0050]図5Cは、消費者がパイプライン30によって供給される気体混合物からNGのみを抽出し、全ての水素ガスをパイプライン30に戻すシナリオを示す。消費者へ請求される価格は、2つの計算値の間の差にすることができる。第1の計算値は、消費されたエネルギーにNGに関する市場価値を乗じた値に比例させることができる。第2の計算値は、パイプライン30への水素ガスの戻りによって加えられるエネルギー価値に比例させることができる。以下の等式(式3)を用いてエネルギー価格を決定することができる。
(式中、Fadditionは、消費者の水素ガスの戻しによってNGネットワークに加えられる価値を計上する因子を表し、他の変数は式1に関して上記に記載した通りである)
[0051]本発明の他の態様は、本明細書及び本明細書において開示する概念の実施を考察することによって当業者に明らかになるであろう。例えば、NG以外の他のタイプの気体又は流体を、上記の発明に関して用いることができる。更に、上記のシステムの1以上の機能又は構成要素を単一のユニットに組み合わせることができる。更に、上記に記載のものと異なるパラメーターを用いるが、同様の概念又は原理を用いる異なる等式又はアルゴリズムを用いることができる。明細書及び実施例は例示のみのものと考えられ、本発明の真の範囲及び精神は特許請求の範囲によって示されると意図される。
Claims (21)
- 水素を含む気体混合物を圧縮する圧縮器;
圧縮された気体混合物を受容する脱硫ユニット;
イオウが減少した気体混合物を受容する水素抽出装置;及び
抽出された水素ガスを受容する水素貯蔵装置;
を含む水素抽出システム。 - 脱硫ユニットによって、圧縮された気体混合物中に含まれるイオウの少なくとも一部を除去してイオウが減少した気体混合物を生成させる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 水素抽出装置によって、イオウが減少した気体混合物中に含まれる水素の少なくとも一部を除去して抽出された水素ガスを生成させる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 水素抽出システムが、天然ガス及び水素ガスを含む気体混合物を供給するネットワークに流体接続されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 脱硫ユニットが、イオウが減少した気体混合物から水素の少なくとも一部を除去した後の水素抽出装置からのイオウが減少した気体混合物の供給流を更に受容し、イオウが減少した気体混合物の供給流を圧縮された気体混合物から除去されるイオウと混合し、混合した気体混合物をネットワークに戻す、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 水素抽出装置が圧力スイング吸着装置を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 圧縮器から排出される圧縮された気体混合物を受容する選択膜装置を更に含み、選択膜装置が、圧縮された気体混合物の水素濃度を増加させる水素選択膜を含む、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 選択膜装置によって水素富化流体を脱硫ユニットに供給する、請求項7に記載のシステム。
- 水素抽出装置が電気化学スタックを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 電気化学スタックが、抽出された水素ガスを少なくとも部分的に精製及び圧縮するように構成されている、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 抽出された水素ガスを受容し、電気を生成させる燃料電池を更に含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 気体混合物を圧縮し;
圧縮された気体混合物中に含まれるイオウの少なくとも一部を除去して、イオウに富む流れ及びイオウが減少した混合物を形成し;
イオウが減少した混合物中に含まれる水素の少なくとも一部を除去して、水素貧化混合物及び水素ガスを形成し;そして
水素ガスを水素貯蔵装置に供給する;
ことを含む、天然ガス及び水素を含む気体混合物から水素を抽出する方法。 - ネットワークから気体混合物を受容し;
水素貧化混合物をイオウに富む流れと混合して再硫化混合物を形成し;そして
再硫化混合物をネットワークに供給する;
ことを更に含む、請求項12に記載の方法。 - ネットワークが既存の天然ガスネットワークを含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 膜を通して水素を選択的に通過させて水素ガス濃度を増加させることを更に含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 貯蔵された水素ガスを燃料電池に供給して電気を生成させることを更に含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- (a)水素ガスの質量流量を求め;
(b)天然ガスの質量流量を求め;
(c)水素ガスの質量流量に、水素ガスに関する因子を乗じ;
(d)天然ガスの質量流量に、天然ガスに関する因子を乗じ;そして
(e)工程(c)及び工程(d)の値を合計する;
ことを含む、エネルギー価格を決定する方法。 - 水素ガス及び天然ガスを含む気体混合物の流量から水素ガスの質量流量を減じることによって天然ガスの質量流量を求める、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 水素ガスに関する因子が水素ガスに関する市場価値因子を含み、天然ガスに関する因子が天然ガスに関する市場価値因子を含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 水素ガスに関する因子が、ネットワークへの水素ガスの戻りによってネットワークに加えられる値を計上する因子を含み、天然ガスに関する因子が、ネットワークからの水素ガスの抽出によってネットワークから減じられる値を計上する因子を含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 水素を含む気体混合物を受容する圧縮器;
圧縮器からの気体混合物を受容する水素抽出装置;及び
抽出された水素ガスを受容する水素貯蔵装置;
を含む水素抽出システム。
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PCT/US2013/051286 WO2014018389A1 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2013-07-19 | Distributed hydrogen extraction system |
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JP (1) | JP6263178B2 (ja) |
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US20190013532A1 (en) | 2019-01-10 |
JP6263178B2 (ja) | 2018-01-17 |
KR20150038081A (ko) | 2015-04-08 |
CN104661954A (zh) | 2015-05-27 |
WO2014018389A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
CA2879508A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
CN110127612A (zh) | 2019-08-16 |
WO2014018389A8 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
CA2879508C (en) | 2019-12-17 |
EP2877426A1 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
BR112015001470A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
US10103395B2 (en) | 2018-10-16 |
US9531024B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
US20140030615A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
KR101955897B1 (ko) | 2019-03-11 |
US20170069921A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
KR20190021497A (ko) | 2019-03-05 |
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