JP2015511883A - Pd−Auでコートされたシェル型触媒の前金被覆 - Google Patents
Pd−Auでコートされたシェル型触媒の前金被覆 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015511883A JP2015511883A JP2014557080A JP2014557080A JP2015511883A JP 2015511883 A JP2015511883 A JP 2015511883A JP 2014557080 A JP2014557080 A JP 2014557080A JP 2014557080 A JP2014557080 A JP 2014557080A JP 2015511883 A JP2015511883 A JP 2015511883A
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- precursor compound
- shell
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Classifications
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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- B01J37/16—Reducing
- B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/04—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C07C67/05—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds with oxidation
- C07C67/055—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds with oxidation in the presence of platinum group metals or their compounds
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- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
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Abstract
Description
(a)触媒担体(担体)ベッドを循環流動させるステップと、
(b)スプレーすることにより、Au含有前駆体化合物を含有する水溶液の噴霧を、循環流動させている触媒担体ベッドと接触させるステップと、
(c)Pd含有前駆体化合物を含有する水溶液の噴霧を、ステップ(b)に基づいて得られた触媒担体と接触させるステップと、
(d)ステップ(c)で得られた触媒担体を非酸化雰囲気中で温度処理することにより、前駆体化合物の金属成分を元素金属へと還元させるステップと、を特徴とする。
成形体に対する距離:5.00mm
タイムラグ:0.80秒
送りタイプ:6D
速度:0.60mm/秒
前駆体化合物を含有する溶液に関するパーセンテージは、溶液の総重量に対するそれぞれの金属の原子の重量%である。
担体「KA−Zr−14」(Sued−ChemieのZrO214%でドープされたKA−160担体)100gを、Innojet IAC025 Coater内で、70℃で、Pd(NH3)4(OH)2およびKAuO2から成る混合水溶液(4.70%Pd溶液27.79g+3.60%Au溶液12.09g+水50mlの混合により製造)でコーティングし(スプレー率80%、つまり担体100gにつき1分当たり4gの溶液を塗布した)、続いて流動層乾燥器内で、90℃で40分間乾燥させ、フォーミングガスにより150℃で4時間還元させる。還元後に、2モルのKOAc溶液を「インシピエント・ウェットネス(Incipient wetness)原理」により含浸させ、含浸時間は1時間である。その後、改めて流動層乾燥器内で、90℃で40分間乾燥させる。できあがった触媒の、化学的元素分析によって決定されたLOI(LOI:強熱減量)なしの金属含有率は、Pd1.15%+Au0.41%である。
担体「KA−Zr−14」(Sued−ChemieのZrO214%でドープされたKA−160担体)100gを、Innojet IAC025 Coater内で、70℃で、Pd(NH3)4(OH)227.79gから成る水溶液(4.70%Pd溶液27.79g+水50mlの混合により製造)(4.70%)でコーティングし(スプレー率80%、つまり担体100gにつき1分当たり4gの溶液を塗布した)、続いてInnojet IAC025 Coater内で、70℃で、KAuO212.09g(3.60%Au溶液12.09g+水50mlの混合により製造)をコーティングし(スプレー率80%、つまり担体100gにつき1分当たり4gの溶液を塗布した)、流動層乾燥器内で、90℃で40分間乾燥させ、フォーミングガスにより150℃で4時間還元させる。還元後に、2モルのKOAc溶液を「インシピエント・ウェットネス」原理により含浸させる。含浸時間は1時間である。その後、改めて流動層乾燥器内で、90℃で40分間乾燥させる。できあがった触媒の、化学的元素分析によって決定されたLOIなしの金属含有率は、Pd1.16%+Au0.41%である。
担体「KA−Zr−14」(Sued−ChemieのZrO214%でドープされたKA−160担体)100gを、Innojet IAC025 Coater内で、70℃で、KAuO212.09gから成る水溶液(3.60%Au溶液12.09g+水50mlの混合により製造)でコーティングし(スプレー率80%、つまり担体100gにつき1分当たり4gの溶液を塗布した)、続いてInnojet IAC025 Coater内で、70℃で、Pd(NH3)4(OH)227.79g(4.70%Pd溶液27.79g+水50mlの混合により製造)をコーティングし(スプレー率80%、つまり担体100gにつき1分当たり4gの溶液を塗布した)、流動層乾燥器内で、90℃で40分間乾燥させ、フォーミングガスにより150℃で4時間還元させる。還元後に、2モルのKOAc溶液を「インシピエント・ウェットネス」原理により含浸させる。含浸時間は1時間である。その後、改めて流動層乾燥器内で、90℃で40分間乾燥させる。できあがった触媒の、化学的元素分析によって決定されたLOIなしの金属含有率は、Pd1.17%+Au0.41%である。
担体「KA−Zr−14」(Sued−ChemieのZrO214%でドープされたKA−160担体)100gを、糖衣ドラム(D&F Drouven GmbH社の糖衣釜DF−LDP−3、例としてDE102005061382A1(特許文献4)も参照)内で、50℃で、KAuO23.02gから成る水溶液(3.60%Au溶液3.02g+水50mlの混合により製造)でコーティングし(スプレー率80%、つまり担体100gにつき1分当たり4gの溶液を塗布した)、続いて糖衣ドラム内で、50℃で、Pd(NH3)4(OH)227.79gおよびKAuO29.07gから成る混合溶液(4.70%Pd溶液27.79g+3.60%Au溶液9.07g+水50mlの混合により製造)でコーティングし(スプレー率80%、つまり担体100gにつき1分当たり4gの溶液を塗布した)、流動層乾燥器内で、90℃で40分間乾燥させ、フォーミングガスにより150℃で4時間還元させる。還元後に、2モルのKOAc溶液を「インシピエント・ウェットネス」原理により含浸させ、含浸時間は1時間である。その後、改めて流動層乾燥器内で、90℃で40分間乾燥させる。できあがった触媒の、化学的元素分析によって決定されたLOIなしの金属含有率は、Pd1.19%+Au0.42%である。
このために酢酸、エチレン、および酸素を、温度140℃/12時間→143℃/12時間→146℃/12時間(スクリーニング・プロトコルの自動化処理の際に順番に開始されるそれぞれの反応温度であり、つまり反応器温度140℃で12時間測定し、その後143℃で12時間、その後146℃で12時間測定する)、および圧力6.5barで、それぞれ触媒1〜3により誘導した。使用した成分の濃度は、エチレン40.2%、O26.3%、CO20.6%、メタン9.6%、酢酸12.68%、残りはN2であった。
Claims (19)
- (a)触媒担体ベッドを循環流動させるステップと、
(b)Au含有前駆体化合物を含有する水溶液の噴霧を、循環流動させている触媒担体ベッドと、溶液をスプレーすることにより接触させるステップと、
(c)Pd含有前駆体化合物を含有する水溶液の噴霧を、ステップ(b)に基づいて製造された触媒担体と接触させるステップと、
(d)ステップ(c)で得られた触媒担体を非酸化雰囲気中で温度処理することにより、前駆体化合物の金属成分を元素金属へと還元させるステップと、を含むシェル型触媒の製造方法。 - ステップ(c)での接触では、循環流動させている触媒担体ベッドに溶液がスプレーされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 温度処理が60℃〜500℃の範囲内で実施される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 触媒担体の循環流動がプロセスガスによって実施される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 触媒担体の循環流動が流動床または流動層において行われる、請求項1〜4のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 担体ベッドの重量に対するステップ(b)または(c)でスプレーする溶液の重量の比率が0.005〜0.1の範囲内にある、請求項1〜5のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- ステップ(c)で、追加的にAu含有前駆体化合物が触媒担体に施される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- ステップ(c)と(d)の間で、ステップ(c1)においてAu含有前駆体化合物が、ステップ(c)で得られた触媒担体に施される、請求項1〜7のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- シェル型触媒が、シェル型触媒の総重量に対してAuを0.1〜1.0重量%の範囲内の割合で有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- シェル型触媒が、シェル型触媒の総重量に対してPdを0.6〜2.0重量%の範囲内の割合で有する、請求項1〜9のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- Pd含有前駆体化合物が、下記の群からの、すなわち硝酸塩化合物、亜硝酸塩化合物、酢酸塩化合物、テトラアンミン化合物、ジアンミン化合物、炭酸水素塩化合物、水酸化物のメタラート化合物、およびその混合物からの化合物である、請求項1〜10のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- Au含有前駆体化合物が下記の群から、すなわち酢酸塩化合物、亜硝酸塩化合物または硝酸塩化合物、および水酸化物のメタラート化合物から選択される、請求項1〜11のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- Au含有前駆体化合物が、NaAuO2、KAuO2、LiAuO2、およびRbAuO2から選択される、請求項1〜12のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- ステップ(b)の後の触媒担体が、触媒担体の総重量に対してAuを0.1〜1.0重量%の範囲内の割合で有する、請求項1〜13のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- ステップ(c)の後の触媒担体が、触媒担体の総重量に対してAuを0.6〜2.0重量%の範囲内の割合で有する、請求項1〜14のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 非酸化雰囲気が還元剤を含有する、請求項1〜15のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 還元剤が水素である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか一つに記載の方法に基づいて得ることができるシェル型触媒。
- オレフィンのオキシアセチル化における請求項18に記載のシェル型触媒の使用。
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