JP2015505892A - 臭素化ポリマー難燃剤を含む熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム - Google Patents
臭素化ポリマー難燃剤を含む熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015505892A JP2015505892A JP2014547342A JP2014547342A JP2015505892A JP 2015505892 A JP2015505892 A JP 2015505892A JP 2014547342 A JP2014547342 A JP 2014547342A JP 2014547342 A JP2014547342 A JP 2014547342A JP 2015505892 A JP2015505892 A JP 2015505892A
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- Prior art keywords
- isocyanate
- weight
- brominated
- polymer
- foam
- Prior art date
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title abstract description 47
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 88
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 27
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- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene group Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
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- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 6
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- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
Description
国際公開第2008/021417A2号の実施例7に記載の方法に従って、ポリ(スチレン−ブタジエン−スチレン)トリブロックコポリマー(ゴム)を臭素化することにより、3つの異なる臭素化ポリマー(PBrPBD1,PBrPBD2およびPBrPBD3)を調製する。得られた臭素化ポリマーの特性を表2に記載する。
以下のようにして成分を手練りで混合することにより熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォームを調製する。様々な例における具体的な配合は表3、5、7および9に記載される。
表9は、例18〜20の配合(注:すべての値はグラム)を示す。表10は、得られた熱硬化性PUフォームのキャラクタライゼーションを示す。
Claims (15)
- 臭素化ポリマーを含む熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォームであって、臭素化ポリマーがポリマー中でブタジエン部分およびビニル芳香族モノマー部分と共重合し、当該コポリマーは、臭素化前に、コポリマー重量に基づくビニル芳香族モノマーの含有量が5〜90重量パーセントであり、ブタジエン部分体重量に基づく1,2−ブタジエン異性体の含有量が0重量パーセント超かつ少なくとも1000の重量平均分子量を有し、さらに臭素化コポリマーは、臭素化前にプロトン核磁気共鳴分光法により決定された非臭素化非芳香族二重結合の含有量が、ポリマーの非芳香族二重結合の含有量に基づき50パーセント以下であり、動的熱重量分析によって決定される5パーセント重量減少温度が少なくとも摂氏170度である、熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 臭素化ポリマーが、臭素化ポリマー総重量に対して、臭素を少なくとも10重量パーセント含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 臭素化ポリマーが、固体粒子の形態をとり、その粒子の数平均中位粒子サイズが、1ミクロン超800マイクロメートル未満であることをさらに特徴とする、請求項1か2に記載の熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 界面活性剤が、(a)ローゼン法で決定される5〜15の範囲の親水性−親油性バランスを有するか、あるいは、4重量パーセント水溶液中でDIN EN 1890により決定される曇点温度が最大摂氏60度であり、(b)ブルックフィールド粘度計と毎分50回転のスピンドル63により測定される粘度が、摂氏25度で少なくとも500センチポアズであり、(c)臭素化ポリマーと界面活性剤を合わせた総重量に対して、少なくとも10重量パーセントの濃度で存在することをさらに含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム。
- リン含有成分をさらに含み、フォームの総重量に基づいた臭素の濃度が少なくとも0.5重量パーセントで、フォームの総重量に基づいたリンの濃度が少なくとも0.15重量パーセントであることをさらに特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 塩素含有成分をさらに含む請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 臭素化ポリマー以外には臭化物を含まないことをさらに特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 密度が、24キログラム/立方メートル以上100キログラム/立方メートル以下であり、三量体の含有量が、3パーセント以上20パーセント以下であることをさらに特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 請求項1の熱硬化性ポリウレタンフォームを調製するために使用されるイソシアネート組成物であって、前記イソシアネート組成物は、イソシアネート含有化合物、界面活性剤、および臭素化ポリマーを含み、
(a)イソシアネート含有化合物は1分子当たり少なくとも2つのイソシアネート官能基を含み、
(b)界面活性剤は、(i)ローゼン法で決定される5〜15の範囲の親水性−親油性バランスを有するか、あるいは、4重量パーセント水溶液中でDIN EN 1890により決定される曇点温度が最大摂氏60度であり、(ii)ブルックフィールド粘度計と毎分50回転のスピンドル63により測定される粘度が、摂氏25度で少なくとも500センチポアズであり、(iii)臭素化ポリマーと界面活性剤を合わせた総重量に対して、少なくとも10重量パーセントかつ50重量パーセント以下の濃度で存在し、
(c)臭素化ポリマーは、固体粒子としてイソシアネート含有化合物中に分散しており、臭素化ポリマーは、ポリマー中でブタジエン部分およびビニル芳香族モノマー部分と共重合し、当該コポリマーは、臭素化前に、コポリマー重量に基づくビニル芳香族モノマーの含有量が5〜90重量パーセントであり、ブタジエン部分体重量に基づく1,2−ブタジエン異性体の含有量が0重量パーセントを超え、少なくとも1000の重量平均分子量を有し、さらに臭素化コポリマーは、臭素化前にプロトン核磁気共鳴分光法により決定された非臭素化非芳香族二重結合の含有量が、ポリマーの非芳香族二重結合の含有量に基づき50パーセント以下であり、動的熱重量分析によって決定される5パーセント重量減少温度が少なくとも摂氏170度である、
イソシアネート組成物。 - 固体粒子の形態を有する臭素化ポリマーが、1ミクロン超800マイクロメートル未満の数平均中位粒子サイズを有する請求項9に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1のポリマーフォームを調製する方法であって、
(a)請求項9のイソシアネート含有組成物を提供するステップと、
(b)ポリオールおよび膨張剤を含むポリオール含有組成物を提供するステップと、
(c)イソシアネート含有組成物をポリオール含有組成物と混合し、反応させて請求項1のフォームを形成するステップと、
を含み、イソシアネート含有化合物およびポリオールの少なくとも一方が、1分子当たり平均2を超えるイソシアネート反応部位を有し、この方法がさらに、ポリオール含有組成物中に反応触媒を含ませるか、あるいはステップ(c)中に、イソシアネート含有組成物とポリオール含有組成物と共に反応触媒を混合させるかを含む方法。 - ポリオール含有組成物中に、水が、ポリオールの総重量に基づいて、0超かつ3重量パーセントまでの範囲の濃度で存在することをさらに特徴とする、請求項11に記載の方法。
- ポリオール含有組成物が、臭素化された難燃剤を含まないことをさらに特徴とする、請求項11または12に記載の方法。
- イソシアネート含有組成物がさらにリン含有化合物を含むことをさらに特徴とする、請求項11〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- イソシアネート含有組成物とポリオール含有組成物との両方が、臭素化ポリマー以外には臭化物を含まないことをさらに特徴とする、請求項11〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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