JP2014533296A - 生物活性剤の持続性送達のためのドラッグデリバリーシステム - Google Patents
生物活性剤の持続性送達のためのドラッグデリバリーシステム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
−方法Aは、少なくとも1つの生物活性剤を、ナノフィブリル化セルロースを含む水性懸濁液または分散液と混ぜて混合物を得た後、その混合物から水を除去して乾燥する工程を含む。
−方法Bは、少なくとも1つの生物活性剤を溶媒または緩衝液で溶解して溶液を得て、次に、該溶液を、ナノフィブリル化セルロースを含む水性懸濁液または分散液と混ぜて混合物を得た後、その混合物を噴霧乾燥する工程を含む。
−方法Cは、少なくとも1つの生物活性剤を溶媒または緩衝液に混合または溶解して混合物または溶液を得て、次に、これをナノフィブリル化セルロースを含む水性懸濁液または分散液と混合して混合物を得て、該混合物を水と混和できる有機抽出剤の体積中に導入し、1つまたはいくつかの要素の形態にして、その要素を取り出して、それらを乾燥する工程を含む。
−方法Dは、ナノフィブリル化セルロースを含む水性懸濁液または分散液を、水と混和でき、かつ、少なくとも1つの生物活性剤を含む有機抽出剤の体積中に導入し、1つまたはいくつかの要素の形態にして、該要素を取り出して、それらを乾燥する工程を含む。
別段記載しない限り、明細書および特許請求の範囲において使用される用語は、医薬品およびドラッグデリバリーの分野で一般に使用される意味を有する。具体的には、以下の用語は下記の意味を持つ。
新規の持続性放出ドラッグデリバリー技術に対する需要は、絶えず存在する。遅い放出の製剤が、例えば、避妊、閉経期マネジメントおよび出血についての女性のヘルスケアにおいて、また、子宮筋腫および子宮内膜症の治療のような婦人科の治療においても使用される。多くの場合、経皮デリバリー用のインプラントや、子宮内および膣デリバリーシステムは、持続性送達には好ましい手段である。インプラントにおいては、多くの場合、数日から数か月、さらには数年までの安定した状態の放出が、望ましい。既存の高分子ベースのデリバリーシステムは、通常、例えば、オリゴマーペプチドもしくはタンパク質薬物またはより親水性の高い薬物化合物のデリバリーには、満足いく代替法ではない。
マトリクスは、NFCの少なくとも1つのグレード、少なくとも1つの生物活性剤、および、任意で、少なくとも1つの薬学的に許容できる極性溶媒、ならびに任意に添加剤を含む。
生物活性剤は、治療作用のある活性薬剤もしくは予防薬、またはそれらの任意の組み合わせである。
11β−[(4−(ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(1−プロピニル)−4,9−エストラジエン−3−オン(ミフェプリストン)
11β−[(4−(ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(1−プロピニル)−18−ホモエストラ−4,9−ジエン−3−オン
11β−[(4−(ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(1−プロピニル)−17a−ホモエストラ−4,9,16−トリエン−3−オン
11β−[(4−ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]−17α−ヒドロキシ−17β−(3−ヒドロキシプロピル)−13α−メチル−エストラ−4,9−ジエン−3−オン(オナプリストン)
(Z)−11β−[(4−ジメチルアミノ)フェニル)]−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(3−ヒドロキシ−1−プロペニル)エストラ−4,9−ジエン−3−オン(リロプリストン)
11β−(4−アセチルフェニル)−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(1−プロピニル)エストラ−4,9−ジエン−3−オン
(Z)−11β−(4−アセチルフェニル)−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(3−ヒドロキシ−1−プロペニル)エストラ−4,9−ジエン−3−オン
11β−(4−メトキシフェニル)−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−エチニル−4,9−エストラジエン−3−オン
(Z)−11β−[(4−ジメチルアミノ)フェニル)]−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(3−ヒドロキシ−1−プロペニル)エストラ−4−エン−3−オン
4−[17β−メトキシ−17α−(メトキシメチル)−3−オキソエストラ−4,9−ジエン−11β−イル]ベンズアルデヒド−1−(E]−オキシム
4−[17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(メトキシメチル)−3−オキソエストラ−4,9−ジエン−11β−y]ベンズアルデヒド−1−(E)−オキシム
4−[17β−メトキシ−17α−(メトキシメチル)−3−オキソエストラ−4,9−ジエン−11β−イル]ベンズアルデヒド−1−(E)−[O−(エチルアミノ)カルボニル]オキシム、
4−[17β−メトキシ−17α−(メトキシメチル)−3−オキソエストラ−4,9−ジエン−11β−イル]ベンズアルデヒド−1−(E)−[O−(エトキシ)カルボニル]オキシム
4−[17β−メトキシ−17α−(メトキシメチル)−3−オキソエストラ−4,9−ジエン−11β−イル]ベンズアルデヒド−1−(E)−[O−(エチルチオ)カルボニル]オキシム
4−[17β−メトキシ−17α−(エトキシメチル)−3−オキソエストラ−4,9−ジエン−11β−イル]ベンズアルデヒド−1−(E)−[O−(エチルチオ)カルボニル]オキシム
4−[17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(メトキシメチル)−3−オキソエストラ−4,9−ジエン−11β−イル]ベンズアルデヒド−1−(E)−[O−(n−プロピルチオ)カルボニル]オキシム
(Z)−6’−(4−シアノフェニル)−9,11α−ジヒドロ−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−[4−(1−オキソ−3−メチルブトキシ)−1−ブテニル]4’H−ナフト[3’,2’,1’;10,9,11]エストラ−4−エン−3−オン
(Z)−6’−(4−シアノフェニル)−9,11α−ジヒドロ−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−[3−(1−オキソ−3−メチルブトキシ)−1−プロペニル]4’H−ナフト[3’,2’,1’;10,9,11]エストラ−4,15−ジエン−3−オン
(Z)−6’−(4−シアノフェニル)−9,11α−ジヒドロ−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(3−ヒドロキシ−1−プロペニル)−4’H−ナフト[3’,2’,1’:10,9,11]エストラ−4,15−ジエン−3−オン
(Z)−6’−(3−ピリジニル)−9,11α−ジヒドロ−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(3−ヒドロキシ−1−プロペニル)−4’H−ナフト[3’,2’,1’:10,9,11]エストラ−4,15−ジエン−3−オン
11β−(4−アセチルフェニル)−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(1,1,2,2,2−ペンタフルオロエチル)エストラ−4,9−ジエン−3−オン
6’−(アセチルオキシ)−9,11α−ジヒドロ−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−(1,1,2,2,2−ペンタフルオロエチル)−4’H−ナフト[3’,2’,1’:10,9,11]エストラ−4−エン−3−オン
9,11α−ジヒドロ−17β−ヒドロキシ−6’−(ヒドロキシメチル)−17α−(1,1,2,2,2−ペンタフルオロエチル)−4’H−ナフト[3’,2’,1’:10,9,11]エストラ−4−エン−3−オン
11β−(4−アセチルフェニル)−19,24−ジノル−17,23−エポキシ−17α−コラ−4,9,20−トリエン−3−オン
11β−(4−メトキシフェニル)−19,24−ジノル−17,23−エポキシ−17α−コラ−4,9,20−トリエン−3−オン
(Z)−11β,19−[4−(3−ピリジニル)−o−フェニレン)−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−[3−ヒドロキシ−1−プロペニル]−4−アンドロステン−3−オン、
(Z)−11β,19−[4−(4−シアノフェニル−o−フェニレン)]−17β−ヒドロキシ−17α−[3−ヒドロキシ−1−プロペニル]−4−アンドロステン−3−オン
11β−[4−(1−メチルエテニル)フェニル]−17α−ヒドロキシ−17β−(3−ヒドロキシプロピル)−13α−エストラ−4,9−ジエン−3−オン
11β−[4−(3−フラニル)フェニル]−17α−ヒドロキシ−17β−(3−ヒドロキシプロピル)−13α−エストラ−4,9−ジエン−3−オン
4’,5’−ジヒドロ−11β−[4−(ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]−6β−メチルスピロ[エストラ−4,9−ジエン−17β,2’(3’H)−フラン]−3−オン
4’,5’−ジヒドロ−11β−[4−(ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]−7β−メチルスピロ[エストラ−4,9−ジエン−17β,2’(3’H)−フラン]−3−オン
4−β,17α−ジメチル−17β−ヒドロキシ−3−オキソ−4α,5−エポキシ−5α−アンドロスタン−2α−カルボニトリル
7α−[9−(4,4,5,5,5−ペンタフルオロペンチル)スルフィニル]ノニル]エストラ−1,3,5(10)−トリエン−3,17β−ジオール
3−(4−クロロ−3−トリフロロメチルフェニル)−1−(4−ヨードベンゼンスルホニル)−1,4,5,6−テトラヒドロピリダジン;(R,S)3−(4−クロロ−3−トリフロロメチルフェニル)−1−(4−ヨードベンゼンスルホニル)−6−メチル−1,4,5,6−テトラヒドロピリダジン
3−(3,4−ジクロロフェニル)−1−(3,5−ジクロロベンゾイル)−1,4,5,6−テトラヒドロピリダジン
3−(3,4−ジクロロフェニル)−1−(2,5−ジクロロベンゼンスルホニル)−1,4,5,6−テトラヒドロピリダジン
7,8−ジブロモ−3,4−ジアゾ−1,2,3,10,10a−ヘキサヒドロ−3−(4−ヨードベンゼンスルホニル)−フェナントレン
7−クロロ−3,4−ジアゾ−1,2,3,9,10,10a−ヘキサヒドロ−3−(2,5−ジクロロベンゼンスルホニル)−フェナントレン
本発明のマトリクスは、以下の方法A〜Dのいずれか1つに従って製造され得、これによって、生物活性剤の粒子または分子を含むNFC膜またはマトリクスが得られる:
A:混ぜ合わせ、その後、水の除去および乾燥
B. 噴霧乾燥法
C. 押出法
D. 含浸法
マトリクスは、24時間〜1週間の持続性放出用に設計され得る、経皮パッチ等、生物活性剤の持続性送達のための最終製剤と、1ヶ月〜最大10年間、通常、1〜5年の持続性放出を提供するための眼内デバイス、医療用インプラント、婦人科用インプラント、子宮内デリバリーシステムおよび膣デリバリーシステムを含む医療デバイスと、1ヶ月〜28ヶ月、通常、2週間〜1ヶ月の持続性放出を有する経膣デリバリーシステムにも組み込まれ得る。本発明のマトリクスはまた、経口(例えば、舌下)、局所、眼内、腸内、直腸および皮下投与での使用と、非経口および粘膜付着性適用に好適な最終の製剤にも組み込まれ得る。
NFC材料の製造
以下のNFC材料を実施例において使用した:天然のNFC(試料1)およびアニオン性NFC(試料2)
試料1:天然のNFCは、フィブリル化するための工業用フリューダイザーを使った高圧均一化によって、ブリーチしたセルロースパルプからできている。原料を、パルプミルから無菌で回収し、滅菌した機械で均一化する前に十分に精製した。従って、微生物の純度は、生産プロセス全体にわたって維持された。フィブリル化の前に、精製されたパルプファイバーを、滅菌された、超高品質な水で希釈した。得られるヒドロゲルのナノファイバー濃度は、通常、1.7wt%である。フィブリル化の直後に、ナノファイバーヒドロゲルをオートクレーブした(121℃/20分)。
インドメタシンまたはイトラコナゾールまたはジプロピオン酸ベクロメタゾンを含有する、制御されたドラッグデリバリーのためのNFCマトリクスの製造
1.66wt%の水性NFC懸濁液(UPMキュメント社、フィンランド)、インドメタシン(ホーキンス社、USA)、イトラコナゾール(Apotecnia社、ムルシア、スペイン)およびジプロピオン酸ベクロメタゾン(シグマアルドリッチ社、ドイツ)を、本実施例において使用した。
(式中、Qは、放出された薬物の量、Aは、マトリクスの表面積、Dは、マトリクス中の薬物の拡散係数、εは、マトリクスの空隙率、τは、マトリクスの屈曲度、ρは、マトリクス中の薬物材料の密度、Csは、マトリクス中の薬物の飽和溶解度、tは、時間である。)でモデル化できる。上記の数式における薬物の密度は、
(式中、fはマトリクス中の薬物の体積分率、ρINDはインドメタシンの密度である。)と推定できる。薬物が低い水溶性を有する、すなわちρ>>Csと仮定すると、数式(1)は、
(式中、Vは容積、hはマトリクスの厚さである。)となる。図6のデータをフィットするのに、数式(3b)を使用した。結果は図7に示され、図7で使用される理論上の放出曲線のフィッティングパラメータは、表3に示されている。
ここで、厚さは、すべてのケースにおいて同じであると仮定され、体積分率fは、マトリクス中の薬物の質量分率(φ)に線形従属すると仮定されるが、但し、これが完全に有効なのは、薬物およびマトリクスの密度が同様である場合のみである。より高い空隙率またはより低い屈曲度のため、すなわち、マトリクスがより「オープン」であるため、INDO30およびINDO40試料における見かけの拡散は、INDO20試料よりも速いことを結果は示している。INDO30およびINDO40の放出速度の相違は、主に、異なる薬物体積分率に起因すると思われる。これはまた、Q/Q∞*φ1/2対t1/2をプロットすると明らかとなる。興味深いことに、すべての試料について、放出は、最初は少し遅いようである。これは、INDO40試料のケースで最も明らかのようであり、INDO20試料において最も不明瞭であるようだ。このことは、水がマトリクス内に拡散し、薬物を溶解し始めるのにはいくらか時間がかかることを示し得る。
インドメタシンを含有する、制御されたドラッグデリバリーのための、PDMS/PEOチューブに組み込まれたNFCマトリクス
インドメタシンをモデル化合物として使用することによって、マトリクスを生産した。実施例2で説明したろ過および乾燥の方法を使って、マトリクスを生産した。
PDMS−b−PEOチューブ50:50
外径:2.453mm
内径:1.98mm
壁厚:0.2365mm
PEO−b−PDMS/PDMS 5510
外径:2.96mm
内径:2.38mm
壁厚:0.29mm
イトラコナゾールを含有する、制御されたドラッグデリバリーのためのアニオン性NFCマトリクスの製造
マトリクスを、0.5%のアニオン性NFC懸濁液、および、モデル薬物としてのイトラコナゾールを使用して生産した。アニオン性NFCファイバーおよび薬物を、比率20%/80%(m/m)で混合した。混合物を、2mmステップのマイクロプローブを備えた高強度超音波プロセッサを使って2分間超音波処理した。以下の設定を使用した:電力750W、周波数20kHz、振幅20%。調製された混合物を真空オーブンで30分間脱気し、次に、型で鋳造し、室温で5日間乾燥させておいた。
制御されたドラッグデリバリーのためのNFC微粒子
1.66%の水懸濁液の形態の天然のNFC(UPMキュメント社、フィンランド)、インドメタシン、(ホーキンス社、USA)、ナドロール、アテノロール、メトプロロールタータラート、ベラパミルヒドロクロリド(シグマアルドリッチ社、ドイツ)およびイブプロフェン(オリオンファーマ社、フィンランド)から、薬物物質を含有する噴霧乾燥したNFC粒子を製造した。
(式中、Mtは、時間tにおける薬物放出量、M∞は、不定時間における薬物放出量、Dmは、粒子中の薬物の有効拡散係数、Cmsは、マトリクス中の薬物溶解性、r0は、球体状マトリクスの半径、C0は、マトリクス中の薬物の最初の濃度である。)によって得られる。数式(5)は、以下のように変形できる:
(式中、放出定数kは、数式の左側(f)を時間に対してプロットしたときに得られる曲線の勾配に対応する(図20)。)。
Claims (14)
- 生物活性剤の持続性送達のためのドラッグデリバリーシステムであって、前記システムが、植物ベースの材料由来のナノフィブリル化セルロースと、少なくとも1つの生物活性剤と、合成重合体、生体化合物および天然の重合体から選択される少なくとも1つの担体とを含むマトリクスを含むことを特徴とするシステム。
- 前記システムが、医療デバイス、組み合わせ生産物、インプラント、経皮パッチ、または経口、舌下、局所、眼内、腸内、直腸、皮下、非経口もしくは粘膜付着性適用のための製剤であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のドラッグデリバリーシステム。
- 前記システムが、子宮内デリバリーシステムもしくは膣デリバリーシステムまたは皮下インプラントであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のドラッグデリバリーシステム。
- 前記マトリクスが、0.1〜99.9wt%のナノフィブリル化セルロースを含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のドラッグデリバリーシステム。
- 前記マトリクスが、マトリクスの乾燥重量に基づく算出で0.0001〜70wt%の少なくとも1つの生物活性剤を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のドラッグデリバリーシステム。
- 前記ナノフィブリル化セルロースが、ナノフィブリル化セルロースの天然およびアニオン性グレードから選択されることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のドラッグデリバリーシステム。
- 前記ナノフィブリル化セルロースが、イオン交換した天然のナノフィブリル化セルロースから選択されることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のドラッグデリバリーシステム。
- 前記マトリクスが、0.01〜10wt%の水を含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のドラッグデリバリーシステム。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の生物活性剤の持続性送達のためのドラッグデリバリーシステムの製造方法であって、前記方法が、以下の方法A〜D:
方法Aは、少なくとも1つの生物活性剤をナノフィブリル化セルロースを含む水性懸濁液または分散液と混ぜ合わせて混合物を得た後、前記混合物から水を除去して乾燥させる工程を含み;
方法Bは、少なくとも1つの生物活性剤を溶媒または緩衝液に溶解して溶液を得て、次に、該溶液を、ナノフィブリル化セルロースを含む水性懸濁液または分散液と混ぜ合わせて混合物を得た後、前記混合物を噴霧乾燥する工程を含み;
方法Cは、少なくとも1つの生物活性剤を溶媒または緩衝液に混合または溶解して配合物または溶液を得て、次に、該配合物または溶液を、ナノフィブリル化セルロースを含む水性懸濁液または分散液と混合して混合物を得て、該混合液を、水と混和できる有機抽出剤の体積中へとポートを通して導入し、1つまたはいくつかの要素の形態にして、前記要素を取り除き、それらを乾燥する工程を含み;
方法Dは、ナノフィブリル化セルロースを含む水性懸濁液または分散液を、水と混和でき、かつ少なくとも1つの生物活性剤が溶解した有機抽出剤の体積中にポートを通して導入し、1つまたはいくつかの要素の形態にして、前記要素を取り除き、それらを乾燥する工程を含む、
から選択される方法でマトリクスを製造する工程と、
合成重合体、生体化合物および天然の重合体から選択される少なくとも1つの担体中または担体上に前記マトリクスを組み込む工程と
を含むことを特徴とする、前記方法。 - 前記方法において、少なくとも1つの担体中または担体上に前記マトリクスを組み込むことが、コーティング押出、圧縮成形、オーバーモールド、積層成形、射出成形、スプレーコーティング、ディッピング、プラズマコーティング、担持および混ぜ合わせから選択される1つ以上の工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、重合体でコーティングすることをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項9または10に記載の方法。
- 生物活性剤の持続性送達のための、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のドラッグデリバリーシステムの使用。
- 前記システムが、医療デバイス、組み合わせ生産物、インプラント、経皮パッチ、または、経口、舌下、局所、眼内、腸内、直腸、皮下、非経口もしくは粘膜付着性適用のための製剤であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の使用。
- 前記システムが、子宮内デリバリーシステムもしくは膣デリバリーシステムまたは皮下インプラントであることを特徴とする請求項12または13に記載の使用。
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