JP2014526637A - 空気輸送エンジン添加剤送達システム - Google Patents
空気輸送エンジン添加剤送達システム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
1.発明の分野
本発明は、吸気システムを介してエンジンの燃焼室に添加剤を導入するための方法及びシステムを目的とする。
添加剤は、通常、燃料が車両又は他の装置の燃料タンク中にポンプ移送される前に燃料に加えられる。このやり方で調製される添加剤パッケージは、通常、長い保存期間に及んで全範囲の環境条件を経験する。燃料/添加剤混合物は、輸送、取り扱い及び保存期間の間ずっと本質的に均一なままでなければならず、かくして極度の熱及び寒気、様々なレベルの湿度などに耐えるように調製されねばならない。さらに、添加剤パッケージは多様な成分を送達しなければならず、それらは燃料中で調製されるために互いと適合しなければならない。さらに、いくつかの添加剤は燃料タンク又は燃料送達システムへの害、例えばシール及びガスケットへの損傷を引き起こすことがある。これらの問題は多くの場合、燃料中での使用が予定された添加剤に有意な束縛を与える。
第1の側面において本発明は、エンジンの吸気システムへの添加剤の導入を目的とする。その方法は、添加剤の量、エーロゾル粒度及び/又は導入のタイミングを決定する。導入された添加剤は、吸気システム中の空気流によりエンジンの燃焼室に運ばれ、そこで添加剤は燃料と混合され、燃焼する。これらの添加剤は、方法の結果としてエンジンの性能を向上させるか又は他の有益な効果を与えることができる。
例示の目的で、種々の代表的な態様に言及することにより、本発明の原理を説明する。本発明のある態様を本明細書において特定的に記載するが、当該技術分野における通常の熟練者は、同じ原理が他のシステム及び方法に同等に適用可能であり、且つそこで用いられ得ることを容易に認識するであろう。開示される本発明の態様を詳細に説明する前に、本発明はその適用において、図示されている特定の態様の詳細に制限されないことが理解されるべきである。さらに、本明細書で用いられる用語は説明を目的とし、制限を目的としない。さらに、本明細書においてある順序で提示される段階に言及してある方法を説明するが、多くの場合、当該技術分野における熟練者により認識される通り、これらの段階をいずれの順序で実施することもできる。従って、新規な方法は、本明細書で開示される特定の段階の配置に制限されない。
ールなどの有害硫黄−含有種と反応することができる他のいずれかの化合物あるいはそれらの混合物又は組み合わせが含まれる。
含まれ、それらのすべては排出間隔の最後のずっと以前にオイルだめから枯渇し得る。
触する部品、例えば吸気システムを処理しないであろう。これは吸気系の清浄化の可能性ならびに種々の添加剤を燃料中に含むのではなくて、そのような添加剤を空気流に直接導入することにより、燃焼室への空気流の組成を変える可能性を提供する。
製物及び使用における有意により大きな柔軟性を許す。
る。制御システム20は、計量装置38の制御のために、他の計量装置18、48の制御の場合と同じ又は異なるデータもしくは制御アルゴリズムを用いることができる。典型的には、添加剤導入システムの運転における最も高い柔軟性を与えるために、異なる添加剤成分の計量の制御のために異なるデータ及び制御アルゴリズムが用いられる。
強することができる。この送達の選択肢は、清浄化、酸の中和、摩擦調整、耐摩耗、添加剤が接触する表面上の堆積物の制御及びオイル添加剤補充に特に十分に適しているかも知れない。
1個もしくはそれより多い適したデータ回線を介して制御システムに与えられる。これは、添加剤添加の実−時間制御を可能にする。場合により、1つの態様において、制御システムはECMの部品であることができる。
合わせることができる。
燃料の型、今度の道路条件、オクタン価、セタン価、空気−燃料比、気候条件、標高、エンジン負荷、エンジン速度、油圧、車輪速度、マスエアフロー速度、エンジン清浄度、排気レベル、空気の酸素含有率、マニホールド真空圧、タイヤ圧、使用者入力、運転者特性、バルブタイミング、微粒子トラップ着火、ハイブリッド伝動機構戦略、技術者入力及びそれらの組み合わせから選ばれる情報に基づいて、該少なくとも1種の添加剤の量、エーロゾル粒度及び/又はその添加のタイミングを決定する段階、
該決定段階に従って該エンジンの吸気システムに該少なくとも1種の添加剤を導入して空気−添加剤混合物を形成する段階、
燃焼室内で該空気−添加剤混合物を燃料と合わせて燃料/空気−添加剤混合物を与える段階、そして
該燃料/空気−添加剤混合物を燃焼させる段階、を含んでなるエンジンの吸気システムを介してエンジンの燃焼室に少なくとも1種の添加剤を導入する方法に関する。
添加剤を入れる少なくとも1個の容器、
燃料の型、今度の道路条件、オクタン価、セタン価、空気−燃料比、気候条件、標高、エンジン負荷、エンジン速度、油圧、車輪速度、マスエアフロー速度、エンジン清浄度、排気レベル、空気の酸素含有率、マニホールド真空圧、タイヤ圧、使用者入力、運転者特性、バルブタイミング、微粒子トラップ着火、ハイブリッド伝動機構戦略、技術者入力及
びそれらの組み合わせから選ばれる情報に基づいて該添加剤の添加を調節する制御システム、ならびに
該少なくとも1種の添加剤をエンジンの吸気システム中に導入するための該制御システムに感応性の装置、
を含んでなる、エンジンの吸気システムを介してエンジンの燃焼室に添加剤を導入するためのシステムに関する。
0rpmの範囲内のトルクにおける改善を図3に示す。
Elmer Model N3110109ステンレススチールエアアシスト原子−吸光ネブライザーに供給するシリンジポンプを介し、車両の吸気システム中に噴射した。ネブライザー中への空気流は、60psigにおいて4SLPMに設定した。各サイクルの間ずっと、添加剤投与は一定に保たれた。摩擦低下剤の供給なしの試験の間、参照標準として空気流を4SLPMに保持した。
に空気輸送添加剤供給法を用いてエンジンの燃焼室に供給される添加剤の量をより正確に制御できることの故であり得る。
V8エンジンの既知の周波数と適合させた。検出のバンド幅を+/−2kHzに設定した。このセンサーを用いて1.5ボルトより高い出力はおそらくエンジンに損傷を与えるであろう。かくして基本燃料上で0.75ボルト近辺で運転するように、スパークタイミングを調整した。
を介し、オクタン価向上剤を車両の吸気系中に噴射した。ネブライザー中への空気流は、40psigにおいて3SLPMに設定した。試験の間ずっと、添加剤投与(500μL/分)は一定に保たれた。空気輸送添加剤噴射を用いない実験の間、参照標準として空気流を3SLPMに保持した。
Claims (27)
- 吸気システムを有するエンジンの燃焼室にエンジンの吸気システムを介して少なくとも1種の添加剤を導入するための方法であって、
該少なくとも1種の添加剤をエンジンの吸気システム中に導入して空気−添加剤混合物を形成する段階、
該空気−添加剤混合物を燃焼室に与える段階、そして
該燃焼室内で燃料を燃焼させる段階、
を含んでなり、ここで該添加剤を、不要物除去、摩擦調整、摩擦低下、燃料経済性の向上、オクタン価の変更、セタン価の変更、点火抑制、点火加速、堆積物減少、洗浄力、酸の中和、清浄化、エンジンの低温始動改善、潤滑オイル排出間隔への影響、酸化防止、オイル添加剤補充、燃焼室内における燃料/空気−添加剤混合物中の過酸化物減少、腐食防止、沈降防止、曇り点降下、耐摩耗、ノッキング減少及びそれらの組み合わせから選ばれる効果を以て吸気システムに加える方法。 - 少なくとも1種の該添加剤が点火抑制剤である請求項1記載の方法。
- 点火抑制剤がオクタン価向上剤、フェロセン、アリールアミン、高オクタン価製油所ブレンド流、酸化防止剤及びメチルシクロペンタジエニルマンガントリカルボニルから選ばれる請求項2記載の方法。
- 燃焼室内で燃焼させるべきガソリン燃料のオクタン価を向上させるために該点火抑制剤を導入する請求項2記載の方法。
- 燃焼室内で燃焼させるべきディーゼル燃料のセタン価を向上させるために該点火抑制剤を導入する請求項2記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種の該添加剤が点火加速剤である請求項1記載の方法。
- 該点火加速剤がアセトン、アルコール、有機ナイトレート及び過酸化物から選ばれる請求項6記載の方法。
- 燃焼室内で燃焼させるべきガソリン燃料のオクタン価を向上させるために該点火加速剤を導入する請求項7記載の方法。
- 燃焼室内で燃焼させるべきディーゼル燃料のセタン価を向上させるために該点火加速剤を導入する請求項7記載の方法。
- 該導入段階が、吸気システム中の空気流により燃焼室に運ばれるのに適した霧として該少なくとも1種の添加剤を噴霧することを含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 該添加剤が、添加剤の実質的にすべてが燃焼室内の燃料/空気−添加剤混合物中に留まることを保証するのに十分に小さいエーロゾル粒度を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 該添加剤が、添加剤の少なくとも一部が燃焼室の少なくとも1つの内面に接触することを保証するのに十分に大きいエーロゾル粒度を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 該添加剤が液体である請求項1記載の方法。
- 該導入段階が、該エンジンのポジティブクランクベンチレーションライン中に該添加剤
を導入することを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 空気−燃料比、エンジン負荷、エンジン速度、油圧、車輪速度、マスエアフロー速度、エンジン清浄度、空気の酸素含有率、マニホールド真空圧及びそれらの組み合わせより成る群から選ばれる情報に基づいて、該少なくとも1種の添加剤の量、エーロゾル粒度及び/又はその添加のタイミングの少なくとも1つを決定する段階をさらに含んでなる請求項1記載の方法。
- 該決定段階がさらに勾配、路面の型、路面上における平均車両速度及び路面上における降水の存在から選ばれる今度の道路条件についての情報に基づく請求項15記載の方法。
- 該少なくとも1種の添加剤が複数の添加剤を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 該複数の添加剤を該吸気システム中に導入する前に、該複数の添加剤を混合する段階をさらに含んでなる請求項17記載の方法。
- 該導入段階が複数の添加剤を個別に該吸気システム中に導入することを含む請求項17記載の方法。
- 添加剤が、該添加剤が燃料と接触すると燃料の1種もしくはそれより多い成分と化学反応を経ることができる反応性種である請求項1記載の方法。
- エンジンの使用者が吸気システム中への添加剤導入のタイミングを決定する請求項1記載の方法。
- 添加剤を周期的に吸気システム中に導入する請求項1記載の方法。
- エンジンの吸気システム中に少なくとも1種の洗剤を導入する段階を含んでなる、エンジンの吸気システムを清浄化するための方法。
- 該少なくとも1種の洗剤を吸気システム中に噴霧することにより該洗剤を吸気システム中に導入する請求項23記載の方法。
- 空気−燃料比、エンジン負荷、エンジン速度、油圧、車輪速度、マスエアフロー速度、エンジン清浄度、空気の酸素含有率、マニホールド真空圧及びそれらの組み合わせから選ばれる情報に基づいて、該少なくとも1種の洗剤の量、エーロゾル粒度及び/又はその添加のタイミングの少なくとも1つを制御する段階をさらに含んでなる請求項23記載の方法。
- 使用者が要求する時に該洗剤を吸気システムに導入する請求項23記載の方法。
- 該洗剤を周期的に吸気システム中に導入する請求項23記載の方法。
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- 2012-06-15 JP JP2014529711A patent/JP6203727B2/ja active Active
- 2012-06-15 US US14/343,414 patent/US9458761B2/en active Active
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- 2012-06-15 WO PCT/US2012/042727 patent/WO2013036311A1/en active Application Filing
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US9458761B2 (en) | 2016-10-04 |
MX352310B (es) | 2017-11-17 |
US20140290612A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
EP2753814A1 (en) | 2014-07-16 |
IN2014CN02462A (ja) | 2015-08-07 |
KR20140075701A (ko) | 2014-06-19 |
WO2013036311A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
JP6203727B2 (ja) | 2017-09-27 |
US9856788B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 |
BR112014005177A2 (pt) | 2017-04-18 |
CN104024620A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
CA2848075A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
JP2017227217A (ja) | 2017-12-28 |
EP2753814A4 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
MX2014002729A (es) | 2014-07-10 |
US20170082019A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
CA2848075C (en) | 2018-12-04 |
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