JP2014511270A - 耐炭化水素被毒性が改善されたscr触媒コンバータ - Google Patents
耐炭化水素被毒性が改善されたscr触媒コンバータ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014511270A JP2014511270A JP2013555868A JP2013555868A JP2014511270A JP 2014511270 A JP2014511270 A JP 2014511270A JP 2013555868 A JP2013555868 A JP 2013555868A JP 2013555868 A JP2013555868 A JP 2013555868A JP 2014511270 A JP2014511270 A JP 2014511270A
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- coating
- exhaust gas
- zeolite
- oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
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- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 title 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 title 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 amino amino Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940119177 germanium dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 22
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 12
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate;nonahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NHYFIJRXGOQNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-bis(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)C[Si](OC)(CC(C)C)OC NHYFIJRXGOQNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/064—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/068—Noble metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/064—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/072—Iron group metals or copper
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Abstract
Description
支持体と、
1種以上の遷移金属で交換されたゼオライト及び/又は1種以上の遷移金属で交換されたゼオライト様化合物を含む、支持体に直接適用された第1触媒活性コーティングと、
第1コーティングの排ガス側を覆っており、窒素酸化物及びアンモニアが第1コーティングを通過するのを妨げることなく、排ガス中に存在する少なくとも3個の炭素原子を有する炭化水素と真下にある第1コーティングとの接触を防ぐように構成された第2コーティングであって、
SAPO−34、CHA、FER、ERI、OFF、ALPO−34及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される1種以上の小細孔ゼオライト及び/若しくは小細孔ゼオライト様化合物又は
二酸化ケイ素、二酸化ゲルマニウム、酸化アルミニウム、二酸化チタン、酸化スズ、酸化セリウム、二酸化ジルコニウム及びこれらの混合酸化物からなる群から選択される1種以上の酸化物を含む第2コーティングと
を備える触媒によって達成される。
(RO)n−mMeR’m (I)
(式中、
nは、3又は4であり、かつm<nであり、
Meは、ケイ素、ゲルマニウム、アルミニウム、チタン、スズ又はジルコニウムであり、
Rは、(C1〜C4)アルキル又はフェニルであり、
R’は、(C1〜C8)アルキル、アミノ−(C1〜C4)アルキル、アミノ基がアミノ−(C1〜C4)アルキルで置換されたアミノ−(C1〜C4)アルキル又はメタクリル酸(C1〜C4)アルキルである)の1種以上のアルコキシドを含む溶液に含浸させることと、次いで乾燥させることとを含むプロセスにより製造される。
市販のSCR触媒に用いるための鉄交換β−ゼオライトをベースとするコーティング用懸濁液を製造した。この目的のために、市販のSiO2バインダー、市販のベーマイトバインダー(塗工助剤、硝酸鉄(III)九水和物及びSiO2/Al2O3のモル比(SAR)が25である市販のβ−ゼオライトを水に懸濁させ、1平方センチメートル当たりのセル数が62個であり、セル隔壁の厚みが0.17ミリメートルであるフロースルー型セラミックハニカム(ceramic flow honeycomb)に、従来の浸漬プロセスで適用した。コーティングされた部品をまず最初に350℃で15分間、次いで500℃で2時間か焼した。こうして得られた触媒CC1のコーティングはβ−ゼオライト90%からなり、鉄含有量は4.5重量%(Fe2O3として計算)であった。
国際公開第2009/135588号パンフレットに従う耐HC被毒性SCR触媒を製造した。この目的のために、SiO2/Al2O3のモル比(SAR)が20である市販のフェリエライト型小細孔ゼオライトを水中でスラリー化した。硝酸鉄(III)九水和物を懸濁液に加えた。磨砕を行った後、この懸濁液を使用して、1平方センチメートル当たりのセル数が62個であり、セル隔壁の厚みが0.17ミリメートルであるフロースルー型ハニカム状モノリスに従来の浸漬プロセスでコーティングした。コーティングされた部品を350℃で15分間、次いで500℃で2時間か焼した。こうして得られた触媒CC2のコーティングはフェリエライトからなり、鉄含有量は4.5%(Fe2O3として計算)であった。
比較例1による市販の鉄交換β−ゼオライトのコーティングを、1平方センチメートル当たり62個のセルを有し、セル隔壁の厚みが0.17ミリメートルである、別のフロースルー型セラミックハニカム(ceramic flow honeycomb)に適用した。
調査を行った第1試験においては、触媒の耐HC被毒性の指標として、炭化水素を吸蔵させた触媒に熱応力をかけることによって生じた発熱の大きさを評価した。先行技術による従来のSCR触媒CC1と本発明の触媒とを比較した。
比較例1による市販の鉄交換β−ゼオライトのコーティングを、1平方センチメートル当たり62個のセルを有し、セル隔壁の厚みが0.17ミリメートルである別のフロースルー型セラミックハニカムに適用した。
比較例1に従う市販の鉄交換β−ゼオライトのコーティングを、1平方センチメートル当たり62個のセルを有し、セル隔壁の厚みが0.17ミリメートルである別のフロースルー型セラミックハニカムに適用した。
比較例1に従う市販の鉄交換β−ゼオライトのコーティングを、1平方センチメートル当たり62個のセルを有し、セル隔壁の厚みが0.17ミリメートルである更なるフロースルー型セラミックハニカムに適用した。
比較例1に従う市販の鉄交換β−ゼオライトのコーティングを、1平方センチメートル当たり62個のセルを有し、セル隔壁の厚みが0.17ミリメートルである別のフロースルー型セラミックハニカムに適用した。
比較例1に従う市販の鉄交換β−ゼオライトのコーティングを、1平方センチメートル当たり62個のセルを有し、セル隔壁の厚みが0.17ミリメートルである別のフロースルー型セラミックハニカムに適用した。
市販のZSM−5ゼオライトからコーティング用懸濁液を調製した。この目的のために、硝酸鉄(III)九水和物及びSiO2/Al2O3のモル比(SAR)が25である市販のZSM−5ゼオライトを水中に懸濁させ、従来の浸漬プロセスを用いて、1平方センチメートル当たり62個のセルを有し、セル隔壁の厚みが0.17ミリメートルであるフロースルー型セラミックハニカムに適用した。コーティングされた部品をまず350℃で15分間、次いで500℃で2時間か焼した。こうして得られた触媒のコーティングの鉄含有量は4.5重量%(Fe2O3として計算)であった。
Claims (15)
- 炭化水素を含む排ガス中の窒素酸化物をアンモニアで選択的触媒還元するための触媒であって、
支持体と、
前記支持体に直接適用された、1種以上の遷移金属で交換されたゼオライト及び/又は1種以上の遷移金属で交換されたゼオライト様化合物を含む第1触媒活性コーティングと、
前記第1コーティングの前記排ガス側を覆っており、窒素酸化物及びアンモニアが前記第1コーティングを通過するのを妨げることなく、前記排ガス中に存在する少なくとも3個の炭素原子を有する炭化水素が真下の前記第1コーティングと接触するのを防ぐように構成されている第2コーティングであって、
SAPO−34、CHA、FER、ERI、OFF、ALPO−34及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される1種以上の小細孔ゼオライト及び/若しくは小細孔ゼオライト様化合物又は
二酸化ケイ素、二酸化ゲルマニウム、酸化アルミニウム、二酸化チタン、酸化スズ、酸化セリウム、二酸化ジルコニウム及びこれらの混合酸化物からなる群から選択される1種以上の酸化物
を含む第2コーティングと
を備える触媒。 - 前記支持体に直接適用された前記第1触媒活性コーティング中に存在する前記遷移金属交換ゼオライト及び/又は前記遷移金属交換ゼオライト様化合物が、ベータ−ゼオライト、ZSM−5、ZSM−20、USY、MOR又はこれらの混合物からなる群から選択され、前記遷移金属が、セリウム、マンガン、鉄、銅、銀、金、白金、パラジウム及び/又はこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記第2コーティングが、SAPO−34、CHA、FER、ERI、OFF、ALPO−34及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される1種以上の小細孔ゼオライト及び/又は小細孔ゼオライト様化合物からなることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の触媒。
- 前記小細孔ゼオライト及び/又は前記小細孔ゼオライト様化合物の1種以上が、セリウム、マンガン、鉄、銅、銀、金、白金、パラジウム及び/又はこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される1種以上の遷移金属で交換されていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の触媒。
- 前記第2コーティングが、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化ゲルマニウム、酸化アルミニウム、二酸化チタン、酸化スズ、酸化セリウム、二酸化ジルコニウム及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される1種以上の酸化物からなることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の触媒。
- 前記第2コーティングの前記酸化物の粒度分布のd50が100nm以下であることを特徴とし、前記酸化物の粒度分布のd50とは、前記酸化物の体積全体の50%が、d50として報告された値以下の直径を有する粒子のみを含むことを意味するものと理解される、請求項1又は5に記載の触媒。
- 前記第2コーティングが、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化ゲルマニウム、酸化アルミニウム、二酸化チタン、酸化スズ、酸化セリウム、二酸化ジルコニウム及びこれらの混合酸化物からなる群から選択される1種以上の酸化物を含んでおり、既に前記第1コーティングが施された前記支持体を、式(I):
(RO)n−mMeR’m(I)
(式中、
nは、3又は4であり、かつm<nであり、
Meは、ケイ素、ゲルマニウム、アルミニウム、チタン、スズ又はジルコニウムであり、Rは、(C1〜C4)アルキル又はフェニルであり、
R’は、(C1〜C8)アルキル、アミノ−(C1〜C4)アルキル、アミノ基がアミノ−(C1〜C4)アルキルで置換されたアミノ−(C1〜C4)アルキル又はメタクリル酸(C1〜C4)アルキルである)の1種以上のアルコキシドを含む溶液に含浸させ、次いで乾燥させることによって製造されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の触媒。 - Rが、メチル、エチル、イソプロピル、ブチル又はフェニルであることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の触媒。
- R’が、アミノ−(C1〜C4)アルキル、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピル、イソプロピル、イソブチル、フェニル、オクチル又はメタクリル酸(C1〜C4)アルキルであることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の触媒。
- 前記第2コーティングが、二酸化ケイ素からなることを特徴とする、請求項1、2及び5〜9のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 二酸化ケイ素の前記第2コーティングが、一次粒子の粒度分布のd50が100nm以下であるヒュームドシリカの水性懸濁液を、既に前記第1コーティングが施された前記支持体に適用することによって製造されることを特徴とし、前記ヒュームドシリカの前記粒度分布のd50とは、前記ヒュームドシリカ全体の体積の50%が、d50として報告された値以下の直径を有する粒子のみを含むことを意味するものと理解される、請求項10に記載の触媒。
- 前記ヒュームドシリカがハロゲン化物及び/又は水酸化物で表面改質されており、結果として得られる層内における加水分解及び/又は縮合によって前記シリカ粒子の架橋が生成することを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の触媒。
- 炭化水素を含むディーゼルエンジン排ガス中の一酸化窒素及び二酸化窒素を含む窒素酸化物の量を低減するためのプロセスであって、
窒素酸化物及び炭化水素を含む浄化すべき前記排ガスに、アンモニア又はアンモニアに分解可能な前駆体化合物を還元剤として添加する工程ステップと、
結果として得られる排ガス及び還元剤の混合物を、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の触媒を通過させる工程ステップと
を含む、プロセス。 - 前記排ガスを、アンモニア又はアンモニアに分解可能な前駆体化合物の前記添加を行う前に、前記排ガス中に存在する前記一酸化窒素の少なくともいくらかを二酸化窒素に転化するのに有効な酸化触媒を通過させることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記酸化触媒が、フロースルー型ハニカム状モノリス上及び/又はウォールフロー型フィルタ基材上の触媒活性を有するコーティングの形態にあることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の方法。
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