JP2013527812A - 複合材構造部材 - Google Patents
複合材構造部材 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013527812A JP2013527812A JP2013501943A JP2013501943A JP2013527812A JP 2013527812 A JP2013527812 A JP 2013527812A JP 2013501943 A JP2013501943 A JP 2013501943A JP 2013501943 A JP2013501943 A JP 2013501943A JP 2013527812 A JP2013527812 A JP 2013527812A
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- layer
- stringer
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000020312 Thickened skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B29D99/001—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings
- B29D99/0014—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings provided with ridges or ribs, e.g. joined ribs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/06—Frames; Stringers; Longerons ; Fuselage sections
- B64C1/064—Stringers; Longerons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/06—Frames; Stringers; Longerons ; Fuselage sections
- B64C1/12—Construction or attachment of skin panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C3/00—Wings
- B64C3/18—Spars; Ribs; Stringers
- B64C3/182—Stringers, longerons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C3/00—Wings
- B64C3/26—Construction, shape, or attachment of separate skins, e.g. panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts
- B29L2031/3085—Wings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/18—Aircraft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U20/00—Constructional aspects of UAVs
- B64U20/60—UAVs characterised by the material
- B64U20/65—Composite materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24174—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including sheet or component perpendicular to plane of web or sheet
- Y10T428/24182—Inward from edge of web or sheet
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 複合材構造部材の製造方法であって、
繊維強化ラミネート層の積層体を積層するステップを含み、前記層のうちの少なくとも一つが別個の第1層部分と第2層部分として積層され、該第2部分の繊維が前記第1部分の繊維とは異なる特性を有し、前記第2部分が前記構造部材の縁まで延在し、前記第1部分が前記縁の内側に配置される、複合材構造部材の製造方法。 - 前記繊維の特性が、弾性率、方向及び材料を含むグループから選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1部分及び第2部分の近接縁が隣接している、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記第1部分及び第2部分の近接縁が重なっている、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記層が、少なくとも部分的に自動層堆積技術を使用して積層される、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1部分及び第2部分がそれぞれ一方向繊維を具備する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1部分及び第2部分が同様な厚みを有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1部分及び第2部分が、前記積層体における次の層を積層する前に連続して積層される、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記積層体における複数の前記層がそれぞれ前記別個の第1層部分及び第2層部分として積層される、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1層部分と前記第2層部分との間の移行部が前記積層体の厚み方向に亘ってずらして配置される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 完成した積層体の厚みが全体を通じてほぼ一様である、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法に従って製造された、複合材構造部材。
- 請求項12に記載の一つ以上の複合材構造部材を具備する、ストリンガ。
- 前記第1層部分の繊維が実質的に当該ストリンガの長手方向に向けられる、請求項13に記載のストリンガ。
- 前記第2層部分が当該ストリンガの終端部に配置される、請求項13又は14に記載のストリンガ。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1005308.0A GB201005308D0 (en) | 2010-03-30 | 2010-03-30 | Composite structural member |
GB1005308.0 | 2010-03-30 | ||
PCT/GB2011/050620 WO2011121340A1 (en) | 2010-03-30 | 2011-03-28 | Composite structural member |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2013527812A true JP2013527812A (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
JP5898175B2 JP5898175B2 (ja) | 2016-04-06 |
Family
ID=42228572
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013501943A Expired - Fee Related JP5898175B2 (ja) | 2010-03-30 | 2011-03-28 | 複合材長手ストリンガの製造方法及び複合材長手ストリンガ |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9168702B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2552678B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5898175B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102834245B (ja) |
GB (1) | GB201005308D0 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011121340A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016112786A (ja) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-23 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 複合構造体、航空機及びコーナーフィレット部の設計方法 |
JP2016135670A (ja) * | 2015-01-15 | 2016-07-28 | ザ・ボーイング・カンパニーThe Boeing Company | 積層複合材翼構造体 |
JP2017114115A (ja) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-29 | ザ・ボーイング・カンパニーThe Boeing Company | 積層された炭素繊維強化プラスチック(cfrp)ヌードルを用いた、cfrpストリンガーの終端の柔軟化 |
JP2022020616A (ja) * | 2015-01-02 | 2022-02-01 | ザ・ボーイング・カンパニー | 複合翼のための外板/ストリンガ設計 |
Families Citing this family (28)
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US20130243992A1 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2013-09-19 | Yuya Tanaka | Composite material structure, and aircraft wing and fuselage provided therewith |
JP5535957B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-21 | 2014-07-02 | 三菱航空機株式会社 | 翼パネルの形成方法 |
CN103429559B (zh) * | 2011-03-10 | 2016-08-10 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 取代有有机基团的含氟烯烃的制造方法 |
ITMI20112349A1 (it) | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-23 | Pirelli | Processo ed apparato per la produzione di pneumatici per ruote di veicoli |
US9010688B2 (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2015-04-21 | The Boeing Company | Structural joint having continuous skin with inside and outside stringers |
EP2868465B1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2018-10-24 | Airbus Operations S.L. | T-shaped stringer having a rounded web end and production method thereof |
GB2505435B (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2015-08-19 | Gkn Aerospace Services Ltd | An apparatus and method for stiffeners |
ES2619478T3 (es) | 2012-10-31 | 2017-06-26 | Airbus Operations S.L. | Larguerillo |
EP2767388A1 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2014-08-20 | Airbus Operations GmbH | Fibre reinforced plastic profiles having sections with different fibre types |
EP2783838B1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2015-11-18 | Airbus Operations GmbH | Composite reinforcement component, structural element, aircraft or spacecraft and method for producing a composite reinforcement component |
US9359060B2 (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2016-06-07 | The Boeing Company | Laminated composite radius filler with geometric shaped filler element and method of forming the same |
FR3021898B1 (fr) * | 2014-06-10 | 2016-07-15 | Daher Aerospace | Procede d’assemblage d’un ensemble de pieces composites et ensemble obtenu par un tel procede |
GB201511402D0 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-08-12 | Short Brothers Plc | Repair including a chamfered bracket and a chamfered bracket component for reinforcing a damaged structural element made from composite materials |
US9809297B2 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-11-07 | The Boeing Company | Structures containing stiffeners having transition portions |
CN106043666B (zh) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-10-26 | 广州朱雀航空科技有限公司 | 一种无人机机翼 |
GB2565350A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-13 | Airbus Operations Ltd | Panel assembly |
US10933595B2 (en) * | 2018-02-15 | 2021-03-02 | The Boeing Company | Laminated composite structures with interlaminar corrugations to improve impact damage resistance, and system and method of forming the same |
US10745104B2 (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2020-08-18 | The Boeing Company | Stringer transition through a common base charge |
US10738628B2 (en) | 2018-05-25 | 2020-08-11 | General Electric Company | Joint for band features on turbine nozzle and fabrication |
US11001363B2 (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2021-05-11 | The Boeing Company | Composite spar for aircraft wing |
US11180238B2 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-11-23 | The Boeing Company | Shear ties for aircraft wing |
US11377851B2 (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2022-07-05 | The Boeing Company | Stringer and associated composite structure and method for reinforcing a base structure |
US11376812B2 (en) | 2020-02-11 | 2022-07-05 | Helicoid Industries Inc. | Shock and impact resistant structures |
EP3907063B1 (en) | 2020-05-04 | 2024-04-24 | Ratier-Figeac SAS | Multi-layer braided article |
EP3922443A1 (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-12-15 | Airbus Operations, S.L.U. | Composite structure and manufacturing method |
US11346499B1 (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2022-05-31 | Helicoid Industries Inc. | Containers and methods for protecting pressure vessels |
US11852297B2 (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2023-12-26 | Helicoid Industries Inc. | Containers and methods for protecting pressure vessels |
WO2024006078A1 (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2024-01-04 | Helicoid Industries Inc. | High impact-resistant, reinforced fiber for leading edge protection of aerodynamic structures |
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JP2003053851A (ja) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-02-26 | Toray Ind Inc | Cfrp製スキンストリンガー構造部材の製造方法 |
JP2004066831A (ja) * | 2003-08-25 | 2004-03-04 | Nippon Oil Corp | 炭素繊維強化複合材製板状成形体 |
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2010
- 2010-03-30 GB GBGB1005308.0A patent/GB201005308D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-03-28 CN CN201180016413.3A patent/CN102834245B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-28 JP JP2013501943A patent/JP5898175B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-28 US US13/576,217 patent/US9168702B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-28 EP EP11711986.7A patent/EP2552678B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-03-28 WO PCT/GB2011/050620 patent/WO2011121340A1/en active Application Filing
-
2015
- 2015-10-26 US US14/923,280 patent/US9987823B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
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JP2010525979A (ja) * | 2007-04-30 | 2010-07-29 | エアバス ユーケー リミティド | パネルの凹部に埋め込まれたパッドを有するストリンガを具備する複合構造体及び力の伝達方法 |
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JP2016112786A (ja) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-23 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 複合構造体、航空機及びコーナーフィレット部の設計方法 |
JP2022020616A (ja) * | 2015-01-02 | 2022-02-01 | ザ・ボーイング・カンパニー | 複合翼のための外板/ストリンガ設計 |
JP2016135670A (ja) * | 2015-01-15 | 2016-07-28 | ザ・ボーイング・カンパニーThe Boeing Company | 積層複合材翼構造体 |
JP2017114115A (ja) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-29 | ザ・ボーイング・カンパニーThe Boeing Company | 積層された炭素繊維強化プラスチック(cfrp)ヌードルを用いた、cfrpストリンガーの終端の柔軟化 |
Also Published As
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CN102834245B (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
US9987823B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 |
CN102834245A (zh) | 2012-12-19 |
GB201005308D0 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
EP2552678B1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
JP5898175B2 (ja) | 2016-04-06 |
US20120308770A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
US9168702B2 (en) | 2015-10-27 |
US20160046097A1 (en) | 2016-02-18 |
EP2552678A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
WO2011121340A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
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