JP2013188151A - Method of manufacturing fish-breeding feed and fish-breeding feed manufactured by the same - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing fish-breeding feed and fish-breeding feed manufactured by the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013188151A JP2013188151A JP2012055178A JP2012055178A JP2013188151A JP 2013188151 A JP2013188151 A JP 2013188151A JP 2012055178 A JP2012055178 A JP 2012055178A JP 2012055178 A JP2012055178 A JP 2012055178A JP 2013188151 A JP2013188151 A JP 2013188151A
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、餅状の養魚用飼料の製造方法の改良に関する。 The present invention relates to an improvement in a method for producing a rod-shaped fish feed.
養殖魚の飼料の一形態として、固形餌や生き餌以外に、魚粉等のタンパク質含有原料と粘結剤を水や油と混練して餅状にした練り餌がある。特に、ウナギの場合、αデンプン１５〜３０％と魚粉６０〜８０％を主成分とする粉末状配合飼料に水と油を粉体量に対して１００〜３００％量添加し撹拌して餅状に混練した練り餌が広く用いられている。 As one form of feed for cultured fish, there is kneaded bait prepared by mixing protein-containing raw materials such as fish meal and binder with water or oil in addition to solid bait and live bait. In particular, in the case of an eel, water and oil are added to a powdered mixed feed mainly composed of 15 to 30% α starch and 60 to 80% fish meal to 100 to 300% with respect to the amount of powder and stirred to form a bowl. Kneaded bait kneaded in is widely used.
ウナギを始めとする養殖魚用の練り餌は、餅状物性の維持具合（経時劣化の少なさ。俗に「すわり」と表現される。）、伸び具合、弾力性、水中での保型性（水中に長時間浸漬したり、ウナギの活発な摂餌行動にさらされたりしても崩壊しにくく、元の形状を維持する性質）等の飼料の物性が重要視される。練り餌の物性が悪いとウナギの摂餌行動により餌が崩壊し、実質の摂餌量が低下することによる餌料転換効率の低下や、崩壊した練り餌による養殖池の汚濁等の発生の原因となり、養殖ウナギの生産性に悪影響を及ぼす。 Noodles for cultured fish, including eel, maintain their rod-like physical properties (low deterioration over time. Commonly expressed as “sit”), stretch, elasticity, and shape retention in water. The physical properties of the feed such as (the property of maintaining the original shape, which is difficult to disintegrate even when immersed in water for a long time or exposed to the active feeding behavior of eels) are regarded as important. If the physical properties of the kneaded bait are poor, the food will collapse due to the feeding behavior of the eels, leading to a decrease in feed conversion efficiency due to a decrease in the actual food consumption, and contamination of the culture pond due to the broken kneaded food It adversely affects the productivity of farmed eels.
練り餌の物性改善のために、各種添加物（粘結剤）の使用が検討されている。例えば、特許文献１には、伸び性の改善のために、αデンプンと多価カルボン酸とを配合した養魚用飼料が開示されている。また、特許文献２には、多価カルボン酸を用いた場合のべたつきの問題を改善するために、カルボキシメチルセルロース塩と多価カルボン酸とを併用した養鰻用飼料が開示されている。 In order to improve the physical properties of kneaded baits, the use of various additives (binding agents) has been studied. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a feed for fish farming in which α starch and a polyvalent carboxylic acid are blended for improving elongation. Patent Document 2 discloses a feed for sericulture using a combination of a carboxymethyl cellulose salt and a polyvalent carboxylic acid in order to improve the stickiness problem when a polyvalent carboxylic acid is used.
練り餌の物性は、粉末配合飼料中の魚粉とαデンプンの種類の組み合わせ、および各原料の配合比で決定される。魚粉には、原魚の種類、鮮度、原産地および製造方法等の違いにより、αデンプンと組み合わせても、例えば、適度な伸び、弾力性および滑らかさを併せ持つ餅状の性状を示さなかったり、短時間のうちに「ダレて」しまい、伸びや弾力性を失ったりする等、練り餌に適した物性を充足しないものがある。このため練り餌用粉末配合飼料に用いる魚粉は、αデンプン等のデンプン含有原料との相性が良いものを選別して使用しなければならず、選別作業により高コストとなり、十分量の確保にも労力が必要となる。従って、原料の高コスト化に伴う魚の養殖における餌料コストの上昇や、養殖効率の低下が大きな問題となっている。 The physical properties of the paste are determined by the combination of the types of fish meal and α-starch in the powder-blended feed and the blending ratio of each raw material. Due to differences in the type of raw fish, freshness, origin, production method, etc., fish meal does not show, for example, a bowl-like property that combines moderate elongation, elasticity and smoothness even when combined with α starch. Some of them do not satisfy the physical properties suitable for kneading baits, such as “sagging” and losing stretch and elasticity. For this reason, the fish meal used in the powdered feed for kneaded baits must be selected and used with a starch-compatible raw material such as α-starch. Labor is required. Therefore, an increase in feed cost and a decrease in aquaculture efficiency in fish farming due to high cost of raw materials have become major problems.
また、栄養価では問題がなく、タンパク質源として魚粉の代替が期待される動物性原料（イカミール、オキアミミール、チキンキール、血漿タンパク等）や植物性原料（大豆油粕、コーングルテンミール等）は、それらが有する保水性の大小やデンプンの粘結性を阻害するアミラーゼ等の酵素活性により上述のような練り餌としての物性に影響を及ぼすため、最大でも１０％程度しか用いることができない。 In addition, animal raw materials (squid meal, krill meal, chicken keel, plasma protein, etc.) and vegetable raw materials (soybean meal, corn gluten meal, etc.) that are expected to replace fish meal as a protein source are not problematic in terms of nutritional value. Since the physical properties of the above-mentioned kneaded bait are affected by the water retention and the enzyme activity such as amylase which inhibits the caking property of starch, they can be used only about 10% at the maximum.
以上述べたように、ウナギ用に代表される養魚用飼料の原料には、高価かつ供給不安定な魚粉を主体に使わなければならず、養魚用飼料の製造コストの上昇要因となっていると共に、供給面での不安要因ともなっている。こうした問題については、特許文献１および２に記載の添加剤の使用も、決定的な解決策とはなり得ないのが現状である。 As described above, the raw material for fish feed represented by eel must be mainly used for expensive and unstable fish meal, which is an increase in the production cost of fish feed. It is also a cause of anxiety on the supply side. Regarding these problems, the use of additives described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot be a decisive solution at present.
本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもので、使用原料の性状の違いによる影響を受けにくく、安価な原料を用いて安定に製造が可能であり、優れた物性を有し、かつ水中で長時間物性を維持することが可能な餅状の養魚用飼料の製造方法およびそれを用いて得られる養魚用飼料を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, is hardly affected by the difference in properties of raw materials used, can be stably manufactured using inexpensive raw materials, has excellent physical properties, and is long in water. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a rod-shaped fish feed capable of maintaining physical properties over time and a fish feed obtained using the method.
本発明者らは、練り餌として用いられる養魚用飼料の原料の一部をエクストルーダにより加熱加圧処理することにより、原魚の種類、鮮度、原産地および製造方法等の異なる任意の魚粉を原料としても、物性の優れた練り餌状の養魚用飼料が容易に得られること、魚粉以外の多様な動物性および植物性のタンパク質含有原料を養魚用飼料の製造に使用可能なことを見いだし、本発明を完成するに至った。 The present inventors can heat and press a part of raw materials for fish feed used as pasteurized food with an extruder, so that any fish meal of different raw fish types, freshness, place of origin and production method can be used as a raw material. It has been found that a kneaded bait-like fish feed with excellent physical properties can be easily obtained, and that various animal and plant protein-containing raw materials other than fish meal can be used for the production of fish feed. It came to be completed.
前記目的に沿う本発明の第１の態様は、下記の（１）〜（５）に記載の養魚用飼料の製造方法を提供することにより上記課題を解決するものである。
（１） デンプン含有原料とタンパク質含有原料を含む原料混合物に少なくとも水を加え混練して餅状の養魚用飼料を製造する方法において、前記原料混合物の少なくとも一部をエクストルーダにより加熱加圧処理する養魚用飼料の製造方法。
（２） 前記原料混合物中に含まれる前記タンパク質含有原料の割合が、１重量％以上９０重量％以下である上記（１）記載の養魚用飼料の製造方法。
（３） 前記原料混合物中に含まれる前記タンパク質含有原料の割合が、１０重量％以上８０重量％以下である上記（１）記載の養魚用飼料の製造方法。
（４） 前記デンプン含有原料が、αデンプン、小麦粉、米粉、片栗粉、馬鈴薯デンプン、甘藷デンプン、コーンスターチ、タピオカデンプンからなる群より選択される１または複数であること上記（１）から（３）のいずれか１項記載の養魚用飼料の製造方法。
（５） 前記タンパク質含有原料が、魚粉、イカミール、オキアミミール、チキンミール、血漿タンパク、フェザーミール、大豆油粕、大豆、濃縮大豆タンパク質、発酵処理脱皮大豆油粕、胡麻油粕、胡麻、菜種油粕、菜種、トウモロコシおよびコーングルテンミールからなる群より選択される１または複数である上記（１）から（４）のいずれか１項記載の養魚用飼料の製造方法。
The 1st aspect of this invention along the said objective solves the said subject by providing the manufacturing method of the feed for fish farming as described in following (1)-(5).
(1) In a method of producing a fish-like feed for fish farming by adding at least water to a raw material mixture containing a starch-containing raw material and a protein-containing raw material to produce a fish-like feed for fish farming, a fish farming in which at least a part of the raw material mixture is heated and pressurized with an extruder For producing animal feed.
(2) The method for producing a feed for fish farming according to the above (1), wherein the ratio of the protein-containing raw material contained in the raw material mixture is 1% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less.
(3) The method for producing a feed for fish farming according to the above (1), wherein the ratio of the protein-containing raw material contained in the raw material mixture is 10% by weight or more and 80% by weight or less.
(4) The above-mentioned starch-containing raw material is one or more selected from the group consisting of α-starch, wheat flour, rice flour, potato starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, corn starch, tapioca starch, (1) to (3) above The manufacturing method of the feed for fish farming of any one of Claims 1.
(5) The protein-containing raw material is fish meal, squid meal, krill meal, chicken meal, plasma protein, feather meal, soybean meal, soybean, concentrated soybean protein, fermented molted soybean meal, sesame seed meal, sesame seeds, rapeseed oil meal, rapeseed, The method for producing a feed for fish farming according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the feed is one or more selected from the group consisting of corn and corn gluten meal.
本発明の第２の態様は、下記の（６）および（７）記載の養魚用飼料を提供することにより上記課題を解決するものである。
（６） 上記（１）から（５）のいずれか１項記載の方法により製造される養魚用飼料。
（７） 養鰻用飼料および養鼈用飼料のいずれかである上記（６）記載の養魚用飼料。
The second aspect of the present invention solves the above problem by providing a fish feed as described in the following (6) and (7).
(6) Fish feed produced by the method according to any one of (1) to (5) above.
(7) The feed for fish farming according to the above (6), which is one of feed for sericulture and feed for sericulture.
本発明の養魚用飼料の製造方法では、原料混合物の少なくとも一部をエクストルーダで加熱加圧処理することで、優れた物性を有し、かつ水中で長時間物性を維持することが可能な養魚用飼料が容易に得られる。エクストルーダを用いた加熱加圧処理により物性が向上し、かつそれが長時間にわたり維持されるようになる理由は必ずしも明らかではないが、加熱処理による魚粉等のタンパク質含有原料中の酵素の失活、エクストルーダ中での粉砕および混合、再組織化による原料混合物の品質の平均化、エクストルーダ中での加熱および乾燥による殺菌および水分調整、ならびにそれによる原料混合物の経時的な品質変性の抑制および保存安定性の向上等によると考えられる。また、本発明の養魚用飼料の製造方法は、使用原料の性状の違いによる影響を受けにくく、従来の方法では、アミラーゼ活性等の問題で使用が困難であった安価な原料を用いて、高い歩留まりで、餅状の性状を有する養魚用飼料の製造が可能である。 In the method for producing fish feed according to the present invention, at least a part of the raw material mixture is heated and pressurized with an extruder so that it has excellent physical properties and can maintain the physical properties for a long time in water. Feed is easily obtained. The reason why the physical properties are improved by the heat and pressure treatment using the extruder and it is maintained for a long time is not always clear, but the inactivation of the enzyme in the protein-containing raw material such as fish meal by the heat treatment, Grinding and mixing in the extruder, averaging the quality of the raw material mixture by reorganization, sterilization and moisture adjustment by heating and drying in the extruder, and thereby suppressing the quality deterioration of the raw material mixture over time and storage stability This is thought to be due to improvements in Further, the method for producing fish feed according to the present invention is not easily affected by the difference in properties of the raw materials used, and in the conventional method, it is expensive to use inexpensive raw materials that were difficult to use due to problems such as amylase activity. It is possible to produce a feed for fish farming having a bowl-like property with a yield.
本発明の一実施の形態に係る養魚用飼料の製造方法（以下、「養魚用飼料の製造方法」または「本製造方法」と略称する場合がある。）は、練り餌と呼ばれる餅状の性状を有する養魚用飼料を製造する方法であり、デンプン含有原料とタンパク質含有原料を含む原料混合物の少なくとも一部をエクストルーダにより加熱加圧処理（以下、「エクストルーダ処理」と略称する場合がある。）し、得られた粉末状の原料混合物に少なくとも水を加え混練して餅状の養魚用飼料を製造するものである。 A method for producing fish feed according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “method for producing fish feed” or “present production method”) is a rod-like property called kneaded bait. And at least a part of the raw material mixture containing the starch-containing raw material and the protein-containing raw material is heated and pressurized with an extruder (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “extruder treatment”). Then, at least water is added to the obtained powdery raw material mixture and kneaded to produce a salmon-like fish feed.
原料混合物に用いられるデンプン含有原料は、炭水化物源であると共に、粘結剤としての機能を果たすデンプンを含む食品または飼料原料を、特に制限なく用いることができる。デンプン含有原料の具体例としては、小麦粉、大麦粉、ライ麦粉、米粉等の穀粉、小豆、緑豆等の豆類の粉末、片栗粉、馬鈴薯デンプン、甘藷デンプン、コーンスターチ、タピオカデンプン、これらのデンプンをアルファ化処理したαデンプン等が挙げられる。デンプン含有原料は、これらの原料のうち任意のものを単一で用いてもよく、２以上を任意の割合で混合して用いてもよい。原料混合物を加水混練して餅状の養魚用飼料を得るためには、デンプンがアルファ化処理を受けていることが好ましい。 The starch-containing raw material used for the raw material mixture is a carbohydrate source, and a food or feed raw material containing starch that functions as a binder and can be used without particular limitation. Specific examples of starch-containing raw materials include flour such as wheat flour, barley flour, rye flour, rice flour, beans powder such as red beans, mung beans, potato starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, corn starch, tapioca starch, and alpha starch of these starches The processed alpha starch etc. are mentioned. As the starch-containing raw material, any one of these raw materials may be used alone, or two or more may be mixed and used in an arbitrary ratio. In order to obtain koji-like fish feed by hydro-kneading the raw material mixture, it is preferable that the starch has undergone a pregelatinization treatment.
タンパク質含有原料の典型例としては、養魚用飼料の製造に広く用いられている魚粉が挙げられる。魚粉としては、ホワイトフィッシュミール、ブラウンフィッシュミール等の任意のものを用いることができる。魚粉以外にも、イカミール、オキアミミール、チキンミール、血漿タンパク等の動物性タンパク質含有原料、大豆油粕、大豆、濃縮大豆タンパク質、発酵処理脱皮大豆油粕、胡麻油粕、胡麻、菜種油粕、菜種、トウモロコシおよびコーングルテンミール等の植物性タンパク質含有原料を用いることもできる。含水量の大きな原料を用いる場合、エクストルーダ処理により含水量を調節してから養魚用飼料の製造に使用することが好ましい。 Typical examples of protein-containing raw materials include fish meal that is widely used in the production of fish feed. As fish meal, arbitrary things, such as a white fish meal and a brown fish meal, can be used. In addition to fish meal, animal protein-containing ingredients such as squid meal, krill meal, chicken meal, plasma protein, soybean oil meal, soybean, concentrated soybean protein, fermented molted soybean oil meal, sesame oil meal, sesame seeds, rapeseed oil meal, rapeseed, corn and Plant protein-containing raw materials such as corn gluten meal can also be used. When using a raw material with a large water content, it is preferable to use it for production of fish feed after adjusting the water content by an extruder treatment.
タンパク質含有原料だけでなくデンプン含有原料の一部をエクストルーダ処理に供してもよい。タンパク質含有原料は全てエクストルーダ処理する必要はなく、デンプンの物性へ影響を及ぼす原料のみ処理してもよい。処理する原料は、個別に処理を施してもよいし、混合して処理してもよい。ペレット状に押出される場合には、その後粉砕して飼料に用いる。 A part of the starch-containing raw material as well as the protein-containing raw material may be subjected to the extruder treatment. All protein-containing raw materials do not need to be processed by an extruder, and only raw materials that affect the physical properties of starch may be processed. The raw materials to be processed may be individually processed or mixed and processed. When extruded into pellets, it is then crushed and used in feed.
飼料のデンプン含有原料とタンパク質含有原料の混合比は、４０：６０から１０：９０（重量比）、好ましくは３０：７０から２０：８０である。デンプン含有原料の量が上記範囲を下回ると加水混練後に餅状の性状を発現させることができず、タンパク質含有原料の量が上記範囲を下回ると、タンパク質の含有率が低すぎ、栄養バランスが養魚用飼料に適しないものになる。本製造方法においては、タンパク質含有原料の少なくとも一部、場合によってはデンプン含有原料の少なくとも一部をエクストルーダ処理することにより、練り餌としての物性の低下を伴うことなくこれまで未利用であったタンパク質含有原料を飼料の製造に利用可能にすることができる。 The mixing ratio of the starch-containing material and the protein-containing material in the feed is 40:60 to 10:90 (weight ratio), preferably 30:70 to 20:80. If the amount of the starch-containing raw material is less than the above range, it will not be possible to develop a bowl-like property after kneading with water, and if the amount of the protein-containing raw material is below the above range, the protein content will be too low and the nutritional balance will be fished. It becomes unsuitable for feed. In this production method, at least a part of the protein-containing raw material, and in some cases, at least a part of the starch-containing raw material are processed with an extruder, so that the protein that has not been used so far is not accompanied by a decrease in physical properties as a paste food. The contained raw materials can be made available for the production of feed.
上記のデンプン含有原料およびタンパク質含有原料以外に、原料混合物は、他の固形または液体状の栄養成分を含んでいてもよい。栄養成分としては、養魚用飼料に添加される任意のものを特に制限なく用いることができ、具体例としては、カルシウム塩、油脂（魚油等）、ビタミン剤、飼料用酵母、海藻粉末等が挙げられる。必要に応じて、香料、乳化剤、酸化防止剤等の栄養成分以外の飼料に通常用いられる任意の添加物を加えてもよい。 In addition to the above-mentioned starch-containing raw material and protein-containing raw material, the raw material mixture may contain other solid or liquid nutritional components. As the nutritional component, any one added to fish feed can be used without particular limitation. Specific examples include calcium salts, fats and oils (fish oil, etc.), vitamins, feed yeast, seaweed powder, and the like. It is done. As needed, you may add the arbitrary additives normally used for feed other than nutrient components, such as a fragrance | flavor, an emulsifier, and antioxidant.
上記の各原料を含む粉末状の原料混合物に加水し、所定時間混練することにより、餅状の性状を有する養魚用飼料が得られる。加水量は、原料混合物に含まれるデンプン含有原料およびタンパク質含有原料の種類や原料混合物の含水量等に応じて異なるが、原料混合物の１００〜３００重量％程度である。必要に応じて油脂類を添加してもよい。混練には、練り器等の任意の公知の装置および方法を用いることができる。 By adding water to the powdery raw material mixture containing the respective raw materials and kneading for a predetermined time, a feed for fish farming having a bowl-like property can be obtained. The amount of hydration varies depending on the types of starch-containing raw material and protein-containing raw material contained in the raw material mixture, the water content of the raw material mixture, etc., but is about 100 to 300% by weight of the raw material mixture. You may add fats and oils as needed. For kneading, any known apparatus and method such as a kneader can be used.
このようにして得られる養魚用飼料は、練り餌が用いられる任意の養殖魚に対して飼料として用いることができるが、特に好ましい養殖魚としてはウナギおよびスッポンが挙げられる。ウナギ用の飼料として用いる場合、給餌量は養殖魚のサイズおよび密度により異なるが、原料混合物ベースで魚体重の１〜１０％程度である。 The fish feed thus obtained can be used as a feed for any farmed fish for which kneaded bait is used, and particularly preferred farmed fish include eel and suppon. When used as a feed for eels, the amount of feed varies depending on the size and density of the cultured fish, but is about 1 to 10% of the fish weight based on the raw material mixture.
次に、本発明の作用効果を確認するために行った実施例について説明する。
（１）ウナギ養殖用飼料の製造
αデンプン２４重量部、大豆油粕１０重量部、魚粉５５重量部、飼料用酵母、リン酸カルシウム、ベタインおよび魚油の混合物１１重量部を原料として用いた。魚粉の一部と大豆粕をエクストルーダ処理（１７０ｒｐｍ、処理直後の原料温度９３℃）後、全原料を均一に混合した。このようにして得られた原料混合物に水（１３０重量部）を加え、餅状の塊になるまで室温で混練した。得られたウナギ養殖用飼料は、弾力性および伸びを有しており、製造後室温で数時間放置した後でも、弾力性および伸びを維持していた。ウナギ養殖用飼料を水中に浸漬したが、餅状の性状を維持しており、水の濁りは観測されなかった。
Next, examples carried out for confirming the effects of the present invention will be described.
(1) Manufacture of feed for eel farming 24 parts by weight of α starch, 10 parts by weight of soybean oil meal, 55 parts by weight of fish meal, 11 parts by weight of a mixture of yeast for feed, calcium phosphate, betaine and fish oil were used as raw materials. A part of the fish meal and soybean meal were subjected to an extruder treatment (170 rpm, a raw material temperature of 93 ° C. immediately after the treatment), and then all raw materials were mixed uniformly. Water (130 parts by weight) was added to the raw material mixture thus obtained and kneaded at room temperature until it became a bowl-like lump. The obtained eel aquaculture feed had elasticity and elongation, and maintained elasticity and elongation even after standing for several hours at room temperature after production. Although the eel aquaculture feed was immersed in water, it maintained a cocoon-like character and no turbidity of water was observed.
比較のために、エクストルーダ処理を行わない以外は上記と同様の条件でウナギ養殖用飼料を製造した。製造直後は弾力性および伸びを有していたが、数分で伸びなくなり、水に浸漬すると崩壊して水中に分散してしまった。
以上の結果より、原料の一部をエクストルーダ処理することにより、ウナギ養殖用飼料の物性が改善されると共に、従来法では大量に原料として用いることができない大豆油粕をタンパク質含有原料として用いることができることが確認された。
For comparison, an eel aquaculture feed was produced under the same conditions as described above except that the extruder treatment was not performed. Immediately after production, it had elasticity and elongation, but it did not stretch in a few minutes, and when immersed in water, it collapsed and dispersed in water.
From the above results, it is possible to use soybean oil cake as a protein-containing raw material that cannot be used as a raw material in a large amount by conventional methods while improving the physical properties of eel aquaculture feed by treating a part of the raw material with an extruder. Was confirmed.
（２）ウナギ養殖試験
３０坪の飼育池を用いて、２０１１年７月２２日から４４日間の養殖試験を行った。飼育池を試験区と対照区に分け、前者には上記（１）と同様の方法で製造したウナギ養殖用飼料を、後者には従来のウナギ養殖用飼料（練り餌：αデンプン２３重量部、魚粉７２重量部、飼料用酵母およびリン酸カルシウムの混合物５重量部を原料として用い、エクストルーダ処理を行わない以外は上記（１）と同様の方法を用いて製造した。）
結果を下記の表１に示す。
(2) Eel culture test A culture test was conducted for 44 days from July 22, 2011 using a 30 tsubo breeding pond. The breeding pond is divided into a test zone and a control zone. The former is an eel aquaculture feed produced by the same method as (1) above, and the latter is a conventional eel aquaculture feed (mixed bait: 23 parts by weight of α starch, This was prepared using the same method as in (1) above except that 72 parts by weight of fish meal, 5 parts by weight of a feed yeast and calcium phosphate mixture were used as raw materials, and the extruder treatment was not performed.
The results are shown in Table 1 below.
表１において、「日間摂餌率」は、魚体重に対する１日あたりの給餌量の割合を示し、「飼料効率」は、総給餌量に対する魚体重の増加の割合を示す。上記の結果から、試験区における日間摂餌率および飼料効率は、両者共に対照区と同等の結果が得られていることが確認された。特に飼料効率については約９０％と非常に高い値を示しており、本発明の方法により得られたウナギ養殖用飼料が、飼料としても優れていることが確認された。 In Table 1, “Daily feeding rate” indicates the ratio of the daily feeding amount to the fish weight, and “Feed efficiency” indicates the rate of increase in the fish body weight relative to the total feeding amount. From the above results, it was confirmed that the daily feeding rate and the feed efficiency in the test group were the same as those in the control group. In particular, the feed efficiency was as high as about 90%, and it was confirmed that the eel aquaculture feed obtained by the method of the present invention is excellent as a feed.
１００坪の飼育池を用いて同様の試験を行ったが、試験区および対照区共にほぼ同様の結果が得られた。 A similar test was performed using a 100 tsubo breeding pond, and almost the same results were obtained in both the test group and the control group.
Claims (7)
前記原料混合物の少なくとも一部をエクストルーダにより加熱加圧処理することを特徴とする養魚用飼料の製造方法。 In a method for producing a fish-like feed for fish farming by adding at least water to a raw material mixture containing a starch-containing raw material and a protein-containing raw material,
A method for producing a fish feed, wherein at least a part of the raw material mixture is heated and pressurized with an extruder.
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