JP2013104416A - Dpfのpm堆積量推定装置 - Google Patents
Dpfのpm堆積量推定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013104416A JP2013104416A JP2011251049A JP2011251049A JP2013104416A JP 2013104416 A JP2013104416 A JP 2013104416A JP 2011251049 A JP2011251049 A JP 2011251049A JP 2011251049 A JP2011251049 A JP 2011251049A JP 2013104416 A JP2013104416 A JP 2013104416A
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】排気通路(3)に排出されたPM排出量を算出する排出量算出手段(51)と、DPF(7)において自然再生されたPM再生量を算出する自然再生量算出手段(52)とを有し、PM堆積量推定手段(50)において、排出量算出手段(51)にて算出されたPM排出量と、自然再生量算出手段(52)にて算出されたPM再生量との差分から、DPF(7)におけるPM堆積量を推定するように構成されている。そして、給気流量計(31)に異常が認められたときには、給気流量計(31)で測定される給気流量を用いずに、二酸化窒素によるPM再生量を算出し、DPFにおけるPM堆積量を推定するように構成されている。
【選択図】図1
Description
DPFはフィルタを用いたPM捕集装置であり、排気通路に設置され、エンジンから排出されるススなどのPMをフィルタで捕集し、排ガスから除去する装置である。DPFで捕集されたPMの一部は、運転中のエンジンから排出される高温の排ガスによって燃焼するが(自然再生)、残りのPMはDPFのフィルタに堆積していく。そして、PMの堆積が過度に進行すると、PM捕集能力の低下、エンジン出力の低下などを招来する。このため、DPFにおいては、フィルタに堆積しているPMを強制的に燃焼させてフィルタを再生させる強制再生を適切なタイミングで実施する必要がある。
PM堆積量=PM排出量−PM再生量 ・・・ (1)
(ここで、PM排出量とは、エンジンから排出された排ガス中に含まれるPM量のことである。また、ここでいうPM再生量とは、特に自然再生量を意味しており、強制再生時ではなく、通常運転時のエンジンから排出された高温の排ガスによって燃焼したPM量を意味している。)
本発明のDPFのPM堆積量推定装置は、
内燃機関から排気通路に排出された排ガス中の排気微粒子(PM)を捕集するディー 内燃機関から排気通路に排出された排ガス中の排気微粒子(PM)を捕集するディーゼルパティキュレートフィルター(DPF)と、該DPFに堆積したPM堆積量を推定するPM堆積量推定手段と、を備えたDPFのPM堆積量推定装置において、
前記排気通路に排出されたPM排出量を算出する排出量算出手段と、前記DPFにおいて自然再生されたPM再生量を算出する自然再生量算出手段とを有し、前記PM堆積量推定手段は、前記排出量算出手段にて算出されたPM排出量と、前記自然再生量算出手段にて算出されたPM再生量との差分から、DPFにおけるPM堆積量を推定するように構成されており、
前記自然再生量算出手段は、前記排ガスに含まれる酸素によるPM再生量と、前記排ガスに含まれる二酸化窒素によるPM再生量とを合算して前記自然再生されたPM量を算出するように構成され、該二酸化窒素によるPM再生量の算出に必要なデータの少なくとも一部は、前記内燃機関へ空気を送給する給気通路に設置された給気流量計で測定された給気流量に基づいて算出されるようになっており、
前記給気流量計に異常が認められたときには、該給気流量計で測定された給気流量を用いずに前記二酸化窒素によるPM再生量を算出し、前記DPFにおけるPM堆積量を推定するように構成されていることを特徴とする。
ただし、本発明の範囲は以下の実施形態に限定されるものではない。以下の実施形態に記載されている構成部品の寸法、材質、形状、その相対配置などは、特に記載がない限り、本発明の範囲をそれにのみ限定する趣旨ではなく、単なる説明例に過ぎない。
PM堆積量=PM排出量− PM再生量
=PM排出量−(O2によるPM再生量+NO2によるPM再生量)
・・・ (2)
以上の構成において、DPF7とPM堆積量推定手段50とを備える本発明のDPFのPM堆積量推定装置の第1の実施形態について、以下に説明する。図4は、第1の実施形態における自然再生量算出手段の制御フローを示したフロー図である。
Gcyl=(ρ・Vstrk・Ne/60)・(2/Icyc)・Ncyl・Ev
・・・(3)
ρ=P/RT ・・・(4)
(ここで、Gcylは給気流量、ρは給気密度、Pは給気マニホールド部の絶対圧力、Tは給気マニホールド部の温度、Rは気体状態定数、Vstrkは一気筒当りの行程容積、Neはエンジン回転数、Icycはストローク、Ncylはシリンダ数、Evは体積効率で別途マップから算定される。)
次に、本発明のDPFのPM堆積量推定装置の第2の実施形態について、以下に説明する。図7は、第2の実施形態における自然再生量算出手段の制御フローを示したフロー図である。なお、この図7に示した第2の実施形態の制御フローは、上述した第1の実施形態の制御フローと基本的には同様の構成からなっており、同一のステップには同一の符号を付し、その詳細な説明を省略する。
次に、本発明のDPFのPM堆積量推定装置の第3の実施形態について、以下に説明する。図8は、第3の実施形態における自然再生量算出手段の制御フローを示したフロー図である。なお、この図8に示した第3の実施形態の制御フローは、上述した第1の実施形態の制御フローと基本的には同様の構成からなっており、同一のステップには同一の符号を付し、その詳細な説明を省略する。
PM堆積量=PM排出量−PM再生量
=PM排出量−O2によるPM再生量 ・・・ (2´)
3 排気通路
5 DOC
7 DPF
9 排ガス後処理装置
11 排気ターボ過給機
11a コンプレッサ
11b 排気タービン
13 給気通路
15 インタークーラ
17 給気スロットルバルブ
18 給気マニホールド
19 ECU
23 EGR管
25 EGRバルブ
26 空気
27 排ガス
29 排気マニホールド
31 エアフローメータ(給気流量計)
33 吸気温度センサ
35 DOC入口温度センサ
37 DPF入口温度センサ
38 DPF差圧センサ
39 DPF出口温度センサ
41 給気温度センサ
43 給気圧力センサ
50 PM堆積量推定手段
51 排出量算出手段
52 自然再生量算出手段
55 PM排出量マップ
60 代替手段
61 給気流量マップ
Claims (5)
- 内燃機関から排気通路に排出された排ガス中の排気微粒子(PM)を捕集するディーゼルパティキュレートフィルター(DPF)と、該DPFに堆積したPM堆積量を推定するPM堆積量推定手段と、を備えたDPFのPM堆積量推定装置において、
前記排気通路に排出されたPM排出量を算出する排出量算出手段と、前記DPFにおいて自然再生されたPM再生量を算出する自然再生量算出手段とを有し、前記PM堆積量推定手段は、前記排出量算出手段にて算出されたPM排出量と、前記自然再生量算出手段にて算出されたPM再生量との差分から、DPFにおけるPM堆積量を推定するように構成されており、
前記自然再生量算出手段は、前記排ガスに含まれる酸素によるPM再生量と、前記排ガスに含まれる二酸化窒素によるPM再生量とを合算して前記自然再生されたPM量を算出するように構成され、該二酸化窒素によるPM再生量の算出に必要なデータの少なくとも一部は、前記内燃機関へ空気を送給する給気通路に設置された給気流量計で測定された給気流量に基づいて算出されるようになっており、
前記給気流量計に異常が認められたときには、該給気流量計で測定された給気流量を用いずに前記二酸化窒素によるPM再生量を算出し、前記DPFにおけるPM堆積量を推定するように構成されていることを特徴とするDPFのPM堆積量推定装置。 - 前記給気流量計に異常が認められたときには、給気流量計に代わる他の代替手段によって給気流量を算出し、前記二酸化窒素によるPM再生量を算出して、DPFにおけるPM堆積量を推定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のDPFのPM堆積量推定装置。
- 前記代替手段が、前記内燃機関の上流側に接続されている給気マニホールド部の圧力および温度を測定する圧力・温度測定手段と、該測定された圧力および温度から給気流量を算出する給気流量算出手段とから構成されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のDPFのPM堆積量推定装置。
- 前記代替手段が、前記内燃機関のエンジン回転数および燃料噴射量を測定する回転数・噴射量測定手段と、前記内燃機関のエンジン回転数および燃料噴射量と給気流量との関係からなるマップから給気流量を算出する給気流量算出手段とから構成されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のDPFのPM堆積量推定装置。
- 前記給気流量計に異常が認められたときには、二酸化窒素によるPM再生量を0として算出し、DPFにおけるPM堆積量を推定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のDPFのPM堆積量推定装置。
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