JP2012523803A - 半二重位相配列アンテナシステム - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
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- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
- H01Q25/02—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns providing sum and difference patterns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
- H01Q3/2647—Retrodirective arrays
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- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
- H04L5/16—Half-duplex systems; Simplex/duplex switching; Transmission of break signals non-automatically inverting the direction of transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
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Abstract
Description
位相配列アンテナは、多重放射素子を使用し、無線周波数(RF)信号を送信、受信、または送受信する。位相配列アンテナは、移動中通信(COTM)アンテナ、休止中通信(COTP)アンテナ、衛星通信(SATCOM)航空用端末、SATCOMモバイル通信、ローカル多地点配信サービス(LMDS)、無線2地点間(PTP)マイクロ波システム、およびSATCOM接地端末を含む、種々の潜在的可能性において使用され得る。さらに、位相配列アンテナ内の一般的構成要素は、したがって、周波数感応性であって、特定の周波数帯域のために設計される、分散型構成要素である。一般的SATCOMシステムは、時分割多重化(TDM)である、転送リンクと、時分割多重アクセス(TDMA)である、返信リンクとを有する。受信および送信機能は、同時に達成される必要はなく、同期および同期のための時間基準は、動作帯域幅効率のための上述の通信システムのうちの全部ではないにしても、大部分における一般的要因である。
は、共通エミッタノードを伴う対合トランジスタ111、112を有し、差動増幅器において一般的であるように、一定電流バイアスされる。入力信号は、差動入力サブ回路110内の対合トランジスタ111、112のベースに通信される。第1および第2の差動出力サブ回路120、130は両方とも、共通ベースノードを伴う一対のトランジスタを備え、各共通ベースは、接地に接続される。
例えば、本発明は以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
放射素子と通信状態にある双方向アンテナ偏波器であって、該双方向アンテナ偏波器は、
送信信号および受信信号の位相および振幅のうちの少なくとも1つを調節するように構成される少なくとも2つのベクトル発生器と、
該送信信号および該受信信号に対する信号ルーティングを制御するように構成される少なくとも1つのスイッチと
を備え、該双方向アンテナ偏波器は、該放射素子との半二重通信のために構成される、双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目2)
前記少なくとも2つのベクトル発生器の各々は、前記送信信号および前記受信信号の独立フィードを処理する、項目1に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目3)
前記少なくとも2つのベクトル発生器の各々は、個々に前記放射素子の2つのフィードポートと通信状態にある、項目1に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目4)
前記双方向アンテナ偏波器の少なくとも一部は、シリコンゲルマニウム上に製造される、項目1に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目5)
双方向アンテナ偏波器であって、
放射素子と通信状態にある少なくとも1つの送受信スイッチであって、該双方向アンテナ偏波器の送信モードまたは受信モードに基づいて、信号ルーティングを制御するように構成される、少なくとも1つの送受信スイッチと、
該少なくとも1つの送受信スイッチと通信状態にある複数のベクトル発生器であって、送信信号および受信信号の位相および振幅のうちの少なくとも1つを調節するように構成される、複数のベクトル発生器と
を備える、双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目6)
送信入力信号を第1の送信信号および第2の送信信号に分配するように構成される、能動的パワー分割器をさらに備え、該第1の送信信号は、該複数のベクトル発生器の第1のベクトル発生器に提供され、該第2の送信信号は、該複数のベクトル発生器の第2のベクトル発生器に提供される、項目5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目7)
前記複数のベクトル発生器の第3のベクトル発生器から第1の受信信号を受信し、該複数のベクトル発生器の第4のベクトル発生器から第2の受信信号を受信するように構成される能動的パワー結合器をさらに備え、該能動的パワー結合器は、該第1の受信信号と該第2の受信信号とを結合し、受信出力信号を形成する、項目5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目8)
前記双方向アンテナ偏波器は、送信モードおよび受信モードにおいて動作する、項目5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目9)
前記双方向アンテナ偏波器は、送信モードまたは受信モードにおいて動作する、項目5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目10)
前記双方向アンテナ偏波器は、線形偏波、円形偏波、または楕円形偏波のうちの少なくとも1つを使用して、前記送信信号および前記受信信号を通信する、項目5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目11)
前記複数のベクトル発生器は、所望のビーム操作、偏波、および振幅テーパを提供するように構成される、項目5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目12)
第1のフィードポートおよび第2のフィードポートを備える放射素子と通信状態にある双方向アンテナ偏波器であって、該双方向アンテナ偏波器は、
第1のベクトル発生器であって、該第1のベクトル発生器は、該第1のフィードポートと通信状態にあり、該第1のベクトル発生器は、スイッチを介して該第1のフィードポートと接続されることにより、スイッチの状態変化に応答して、送受信両方のために使用可能である、第1のベクトル発生器と、
第2のベクトル発生器であって、該第2のベクトル発生器は、該第2のフィードポートと通信状態にあり、該第2のベクトル発生器は、スイッチを介して該第2のフィードポートと接続されることにより、スイッチの状態変化に応答して、送受信両方のために使用可能である、第2のベクトル発生器と
を備え、該双方向アンテナ偏波器は、半二重通信のために構成される、双方向アンテナ偏波器。
(項目13)
受信データと送信データとの間で時分割するように構成される単一の開口アンテナであって、同期語が、規則的な間隔で該受信されたデータに投入されることにより、周期的なシステム同期を可能にする、単一開口アンテナ。
(項目14)
前記受信データと送信データとの間で時分割することは、半二重通信である、項目13に記載の単一開口アンテナ。
(項目15)
前記規則的な間隔は、1ミリ秒乃至20ミリ秒の範囲内にある、項目13に記載の単一開口アンテナ。
(項目16)
前記データは、継続時間の間、可変である複数のフレームを備える、項目13に記載の単一開口アンテナ。
(項目17)
前記同期語は、前記複数のフレーム内の位置に関わらず、前記規則的な間隔で前記データに投入される、項目16に記載の単一開口アンテナ。
(項目18)
第1の衛星は、地上局から前記同期語を受信し、該地上局は、送信フレーム内の位置に関わらず、規則的な間隔で衛星に該同期語を投入する、項目13に記載の単一開口。
(項目19)
送受信機は、前記第1の衛星から第2の衛星へのハンドオフを促進するために、前記衛星送信における前記同期語の受信に応答して、該第1の衛星および第2の衛星との同期を判定する、項目18に記載の単一開口。
(項目20)
送受信機は、前記第1の衛星内のビームからビームへのハンドオフを促進するために、前記衛星送信における前記同期語の受信に応答して、該第1の衛星との同期を判定する、項目18に記載の単一開口。
Claims (20)
- 放射素子と通信状態にある双方向アンテナ偏波器であって、該双方向アンテナ偏波器は、
送信信号および受信信号の位相および振幅のうちの少なくとも1つを調節するように構成される少なくとも2つのベクトル発生器と、
該送信信号および該受信信号に対する信号ルーティングを制御するように構成される少なくとも1つのスイッチと
を備え、該双方向アンテナ偏波器は、該放射素子との半二重通信のために構成される、双方向アンテナ偏波器。 - 前記少なくとも2つのベクトル発生器の各々は、前記送信信号および前記受信信号の独立フィードを処理する、請求項1に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
- 前記少なくとも2つのベクトル発生器の各々は、個々に前記放射素子の2つのフィードポートと通信状態にある、請求項1に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
- 前記双方向アンテナ偏波器の少なくとも一部は、シリコンゲルマニウム上に製造される、請求項1に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
- 双方向アンテナ偏波器であって、
放射素子と通信状態にある少なくとも1つの送受信スイッチであって、該双方向アンテナ偏波器の送信モードまたは受信モードに基づいて信号ルーティングを制御するように構成される、少なくとも1つの送受信スイッチと、
該少なくとも1つの送受信スイッチと通信状態にある複数のベクトル発生器であって、送信信号および受信信号の位相および振幅のうちの少なくとも1つを調節するように構成される、複数のベクトル発生器と
を備える、双方向アンテナ偏波器。 - 送信入力信号を第1の送信信号および第2の送信信号に分配するように構成される、能動的パワー分割器をさらに備え、該第1の送信信号は、該複数のベクトル発生器の第1のベクトル発生器に提供され、該第2の送信信号は、該複数のベクトル発生器の第2のベクトル発生器に提供される、請求項5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
- 前記複数のベクトル発生器の第3のベクトル発生器から第1の受信信号を受信し、該複数のベクトル発生器の第4のベクトル発生器から第2の受信信号を受信するように構成される能動的パワー結合器をさらに備え、該能動的パワー結合器は、該第1の受信信号と該第2の受信信号とを結合し、受信出力信号を形成する、請求項5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
- 前記双方向アンテナ偏波器は、送信モードおよび受信モードにおいて動作する、請求項5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
- 前記双方向アンテナ偏波器は、送信モードまたは受信モードにおいて動作する、請求項5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
- 前記双方向アンテナ偏波器は、線形偏波、円形偏波、または楕円形偏波のうちの少なくとも1つを使用して、前記送信信号および前記受信信号を通信する、請求項5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
- 前記複数のベクトル発生器は、所望のビーム操作、偏波、および振幅テーパを提供するように構成される、請求項5に記載の双方向アンテナ偏波器。
- 第1のフィードポートおよび第2のフィードポートを備える放射素子と通信状態にある双方向アンテナ偏波器であって、該双方向アンテナ偏波器は、
第1のベクトル発生器であって、該第1のベクトル発生器は、該第1のフィードポートと通信状態にあり、該第1のベクトル発生器は、スイッチを介して該第1のフィードポートと接続されることにより、スイッチの状態変化に応答して、送受信両方のために使用可能である、第1のベクトル発生器と、
第2のベクトル発生器であって、該第2のベクトル発生器は、該第2のフィードポートと通信状態にあり、該第2のベクトル発生器は、スイッチを介して該第2のフィードポートと接続されることにより、スイッチの状態変化に応答して、送受信両方のために使用可能である、第2のベクトル発生器と
を備え、該双方向アンテナ偏波器は、半二重通信のために構成される、双方向アンテナ偏波器。 - 受信データと送信データとの間で時分割するように構成される単一の開口アンテナであって、同期語が、規則的な間隔で該受信されたデータに投入されることにより、周期的なシステム同期を可能にする、単一開口アンテナ。
- 前記受信データと送信データとの間で時分割することは、半二重通信である、請求項13に記載の単一開口アンテナ。
- 前記規則的な間隔は、1ミリ秒乃至20ミリ秒の範囲内にある、請求項13に記載の単一開口アンテナ。
- 前記データは、継続時間の間、可変である複数のフレームを備える、請求項13に記載の単一開口アンテナ。
- 前記同期語は、前記複数のフレーム内の位置に関わらず、前記規則的な間隔で前記データに投入される、請求項16に記載の単一開口アンテナ。
- 第1の衛星は、地上局から前記同期語を受信し、該地上局は、送信フレーム内の位置に関わらず、規則的な間隔で衛星に該同期語を投入する、請求項13に記載の単一開口。
- 送受信機は、前記第1の衛星から第2の衛星へのハンドオフを促進するために、前記衛星送信における前記同期語の受信に応答して、該第1の衛星および第2の衛星との同期を判定する、請求項18に記載の単一開口。
- 送受信機は、前記第1の衛星内のビームからビームへのハンドオフを促進するために、前記衛星送信における前記同期語の受信に応答して、該第1の衛星との同期を判定する、請求項18に記載の単一開口。
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US20140348035A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
US9094102B2 (en) | 2015-07-28 |
WO2010120790A2 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
US8817672B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 |
US20100260076A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
WO2010120790A3 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
TW201131892A (en) | 2011-09-16 |
TWI520439B (zh) | 2016-02-01 |
EP2419962A4 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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