JP2012517036A - コア・シェル構造を有するトナー及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
コア・シェル構造を有するトナー及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012517036A JP2012517036A JP2011549059A JP2011549059A JP2012517036A JP 2012517036 A JP2012517036 A JP 2012517036A JP 2011549059 A JP2011549059 A JP 2011549059A JP 2011549059 A JP2011549059 A JP 2011549059A JP 2012517036 A JP2012517036 A JP 2012517036A
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- toner
- resin
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- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNGOYPQMJFJDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)OC)=C1 VNGOYPQMJFJDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWCHPNKHMFKKIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,2,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CCC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O GWCHPNKHMFKKIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- WRYWBRATLBWSSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C21 WRYWBRATLBWSSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LATKICLYWYUXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,3,6-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 LATKICLYWYUXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WDAISVDZHKFVQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,2,7,8-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)CCCCC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O WDAISVDZHKFVQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene Substances CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940096522 trimethylolpropane triacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
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- A41D13/0051—Heated garments
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/002—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment
- A41D13/005—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment with controlled temperature
- A41D13/0058—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment with controlled temperature having pockets for heated or cooled elements
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
(活性水素含有基を有するポリエステル樹脂の合成)
製造例1:ポリエステル樹脂(1)の合成
撹拌器、温度計及びコンデンサが設けられた体積が3リットルである反応器を、熱伝逹媒体であるオイルバス内に設けた。このように設けられた反応器内に、ジメチルテレフタレート50g、ジメチルイソフタレート47g、1,2−プロピレングリコール80g、及びトリメリット酸3gを投入した。その後、触媒として、ジブチルスズオキシドを0.09g(すなわち、単量体全体重量に対して、500ppmの比率)を投入した。次に、150rpmの速度で、反応器内の混合物を撹拌しつつ、反応温度を150℃まで上昇させた。その後、約6時間反応を進めた後、反応温度をさらに220℃まで上昇させた。次に、副反応物の除去のために、反応器を0.1torrに減圧し、前記圧力で15時間維持させた後に反応を完了した。結果として、ポリエステル樹脂(1)を得た。
副生成物の除去工程を10時間行ったことを除いては、製造例1と同じ方法でポリエステル樹脂(2)を製造した。反応完了後、示差走査熱量計(DSC)を利用し、ポリエステル樹脂(2)のガラス転移温度(Tg)を測定した結果、前記温度は58℃であった。また、ポリスチレン基準試料を使用し、GPCによって、ポリエステル樹脂(2)の数平均分子量とPDIとを測定し、その結果、数平均分子量は2,100であり、PDIは3.4であった。滴定によって測定した結果、活性水素含有基の含有量が0.2mmol KOH/gであった。
製造例3:ブラック顔料マスターバッチの製造
製造例1で合成したポリエステル樹脂(1)とカーボンブラック顔料(ドイツ・デグサ社製、NIPEX 150)とを、重量基準で8:2の割合で混合した。その後、ポリエステル樹脂100重量部に対して、酢酸エチル50重量部を添加し、前記混合物を約60℃に加熱した後、ニーダ(kneader)で60分間混合した。次に、前記混合物を、真空装置が連結された二軸圧出機を利用し、50rpmの速度で混合しつつ、真空装置を利用して、溶媒である酢酸エチルを除去することによって、ブラック顔料マスターバッチを得た。
製造例4
コンデンサ、温度計及びインペラ型撹拌器を装着した1L反応器に、蒸溜水400g、ポリビニルアルコール20g(P−24TM、DC Chemical Co.、韓国ソウル所在)、中性界面活性剤14g(tween 20TM、Aldrich Chemical Company、米国ウィスコンシン・ミルウォーキー所在)、及び陰イオン性界面活性剤である硫酸ドデシルナトリウム4g(Aldrich Chemical Company)を入れ、70℃の温度で500rpmの撹拌速度で加熱し、固形分を十分に溶解させた。前記固形分が完全に溶解されたことを確認した後、メチルエチルケトン100g(Aldrich Chemical Company)を混合することによって、乳白色の液体組成物を得た。前記液体組成物に、前記製造例2で合成したポリエステル樹脂(2)120g及びイソシアネート架橋剤(toluene diisocyanate、Aldrich Chemical Company)6g(樹脂の活性水素含有基の含有量1モルに対して、0.07モルに該当)を添加した後、1,000rpmで撹拌しつつ、還流状態で75℃の温度で5時間混合し、微細懸濁液を形成した。次に、撹拌速度を300rpmに減速し、反応器の温度を90℃に加熱しつつ、100mmHgの部分減圧状態で有機溶媒であるメチルエチルケトンを反応器から除去した後、コンデンサを介して収得した。4時間経過後、収得されたメチルエチルケトンの量を確認し、添加されたメチルエチルケトンがいずれも除去されたことを確認した。次に、反応器内の温度を25℃に冷却し、架橋樹脂微細懸濁液を得た。架橋樹脂微粒子の体積平均粒径は、280nmであり、THFに対する不溶分は、99重量%であった。
製造例5
製造例4で作られた架橋樹脂の微細懸濁液に、蒸溜水70gをさらに投入した後、撹拌しつつ75℃に昇温させ、蒸溜水70g、硫酸ドデシルナトリウム1g、スチレンモノマー40g、ブチルアクリレートモノマー10gを混合し、モノマーエマルジョンを別途に作っておいた。次に、75℃に昇温された架橋樹脂の微細懸濁液に、過硫酸カリウム5%溶液を10g投入した後、先に作ったモノマーエマルジョンを、300分間徐々に添加して重合反応を進めた。モノマーが投入された後、75℃で180分間さらに反応を進めた後、反応器温度を25℃に冷却し、架橋樹脂を取り囲んだスチレン−アクリレート系シェル用重合体懸濁液を得た。シェル用重合体懸濁液の体積平均粒径は、310nmであった。
前記製造例5でモノマーエマルジョンを、蒸溜水150g、硫酸ドデシルナトリウム2g、スチレンモノマー80g及びブチルアクリレートモノマー20gを混合して製造し、過硫酸カリウム5%溶液20gを使用したことを除いては、製造例5と同じ方法でシェル用重合体懸濁液を得た。
実施例1
コンデンサ、温度計及びインペラ型撹拌器を装着した体積1リットルの反応器に、製造例1で合成したポリエステル樹脂(1)60g、製造例3で合成したブラック顔料マスターバッチ40g、帯電制御剤1g(N−23、HB Dinglong社製)、パラフィンワックス4g、及び有機溶媒としてメチルエチルケトン150gを投入し、トナー混合液を形成した。前記トナー混合液を600rpmの速度で撹拌しつつ、1N NaOH水溶液25mlを添加した後、還流状態で80℃の温度で5時間混合した。前記トナー混合液が十分な流動性を有することを確認した後、500rpmの速度で2時間さらに撹拌した。
製造例6で製造した架橋樹脂を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同じ方法でトナー粒子を製造した。
得られたトナー組成物を、製造例5で製造したシェル用重合体懸濁液に混合する過程を省略したことを除いては、実施例1と同じ方法でトナー粒子を製造した。
80%スパン値=(d90−d10)/d50
形状係数(shape factor)=4π(面積/(周囲長)2)
酸基含有量(mmol KOH/g)=S/(W×10)
ヒドロキシル基含有量(mmol KOH/g)=(B−S’)/(W’×10)+酸基含有量
トナー粒子100g、シリカ(TG 810G、Cabot社製)2g、及びシリカ(RX50、Degussa社製)0.5gを混合して製造したトナー組成物を使用し、三星CLP−510プリンタで、30mmx40mmソリッド(solid)状の未定着画像を得た。次に、定着温度を任意に変更できるように改造された定着試験器で、定着ローラの温度を変化させつつ、前記未定着画像の定着性を評価した。
下記3つの環境(温度/湿度)で、それぞれ16時間放置したトナー0.2gとキャリア2gとを、150rpmの速度で15分間混合した。その後、一般的に実施する二成分系トナーの帯電量測定法で、ブローオフ帯電量(Vertex社製)を測定した。
1)10℃/10%,2)25℃/55%,3)32℃/80%
Claims (12)
- 結着樹脂及び着色剤を含むトナーコア部と、
テトラヒドロフラン(THF)に対する不溶分が99重量%ないし100重量%である架橋樹脂、及びこれを取り囲んだスチレン−アクリレート系樹脂を含むトナーシェル部と、からなるトナー。 - 前記架橋樹脂は、樹脂の活性水素含有基と架橋剤との反応によって、形成されたものである請求項1に記載のトナー。
- 前記スチレン−アクリレート系樹脂の含有量は、
架橋樹脂とスチレン−アクリレート系樹脂とを合わせた量100重量部に対して、10ないし50重量部である請求項1に記載のトナー。 - 前記活性水素含有基は、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、カルボキシル基、リン酸基、スルホン酸基及び硫酸基からなる群から選択された少なくとも1つである請求項2に記載のトナー。
- 前記架橋剤が、イソシアネート化合物またはエポキシ化合物である請求項2に記載のトナー。
- 前記架橋樹脂が、前記活性水素含有基1モル当たり0.004ないし0.15モルの架橋剤の反応によって形成されたものである請求項2に記載のトナー。
- 有機溶媒、結着樹脂及び着色剤を含む混合物を分散媒に添加し、トナー微細懸濁液を製造する段階と、
前記トナー微細懸濁液から有機溶媒を除去し、コア用トナー組成物を得る段階と、
分散媒と有機溶媒との混合物に、活性水素含有基を有する樹脂及び架橋剤を添加し、微細懸濁液を得る段階と、
前記微細懸濁液から有機溶媒を除去し、架橋樹脂微細懸濁液を得る段階と、
前記架橋樹脂微細懸濁液に、スチレン系モノマー及びアクリレート系モノマーを含む混合物を添加した後に重合し、シェル用重合体懸濁液を得る段階と、
前記コア用トナー組成物に、前記シェル用重合体懸濁液を添加した後で凝集させ、トナー粒子を得る段階と、
前記凝集されたトナー粒子を融合させる段階と、を含むトナーの製造方法。 - 前記活性水素含有基が、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、カルボキシル基、リン酸基、スルホン酸基、及び硫酸基からなる群から選択された少なくとも1つの基である請求項7に記載のトナーの製造方法。
- 前記架橋剤が、イソシアネート化合物またはエポキシ化合物である請求項7に記載のトナーの製造方法。
- 前記架橋剤を、前記活性水素含有基1モル当たり、0.004ないし0.15モルの量で添加する請求項7に記載のトナーの製造方法。
- 前記着色剤が、顔料マスターバッチ状である請求項7に記載のトナーの製造方法。
- 前記分散媒が、極性溶媒と界面活性剤との混合物である請求項7に記載のトナーの製造方法。
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KR10-2009-0008857 | 2009-02-04 | ||
PCT/KR2010/000459 WO2010090409A2 (ko) | 2009-02-04 | 2010-01-26 | 코어-쉘 구조를 갖는 토너 및 그 제조방법 |
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JP2000194160A (ja) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | トナ―及びその製造方法 |
JP2005010672A (ja) * | 2003-06-20 | 2005-01-13 | Sharp Corp | トナー及びトナーの製造方法 |
JP2005091436A (ja) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-04-07 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | 静電潜像現像用トナー |
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US5153093A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1992-10-06 | Xerox Corporation | Overcoated encapsulated toner compositions and processes thereof |
JP3950743B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-03 | 2007-08-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | トナー粒子の製造方法 |
JP4293017B2 (ja) | 2003-03-07 | 2009-07-08 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | トナー及びトナーの製造方法、画像形成方法、画像形成装置 |
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JP2007093809A (ja) | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-12 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 静電荷像現像用トナー及び静電荷像現像用トナーの製造方法 |
EP1995638B1 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2014-03-26 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner |
KR20080055534A (ko) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-19 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고대전성 토너 및 그 제조방법 |
KR100833920B1 (ko) * | 2007-02-23 | 2008-05-30 | 삼성정밀화학 주식회사 | 코어-쉘 구조를 갖는 토너의 제조방법 및 그 방법에 의해제조된 토너 |
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