JP2012516202A - デバイス表面から突出する配向カーボンナノチューブを有するナノ強化デバイスにより促進された、薬物送達及び物質移送 - Google Patents
デバイス表面から突出する配向カーボンナノチューブを有するナノ強化デバイスにより促進された、薬物送達及び物質移送 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2009年1月27日に出願され、「CARBON NANOTUBE−BASED DEVICE FOR SUB−DERMAL BLOOD AND FLUID PROPERTY MONITORING」と題した、米国仮出願第61/206,071号、及び2009年5月19日に出願され、「METHOD, DEVICE AND DESIGN FOR DELIVERY OF DRUGS BE A NANO−ENHANCED ANGIOPLASTY BALLOON」と題した、米国仮出願第61/179,639号の利益を主張する、特許本出願である。
Creel, C. J., M.A. Lovich, and E.R. Edelman, Arterial paclitaxel distribution and deposition. Circulation Research, 2000. 86(8):p.879−884. Scheller, B., U. Speck, C. Abramjuk, U. Bernhardt, M. Bohm, and G. Nickenig, Paclitaxel balloon coating, a novel method for prevention and therapy of restenosis. Circulation, 2004. 110(7):p.810−814. Bronikowski, M. J., Longer nanotubes at lower temperatures: The influence of effective activation energies on carbon nanotube growth by thermal chemical vapor deposition. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2007. 111(48):p.17705−17712.
本発明は、ナノ構造強化型の、薬剤送達及び血液モニタリングデバイスに関し、具体的には、デバイスと生体組織との間で薬物又は物質の移送を促進するための、デバイス表面から突出する配向カーボンナノチューブを備えるデバイスに関する。
カーボンナノチューブは、いくつかの方法により形成することができ、最も単純な方法は、触媒で被覆した基質を用いる化学蒸着法である。一般的に、前もって準備され、エチレンなどの炭素含有の供給ガス流を有する条件のチューブ炉内に設置され、そして、適正温度、例えば725℃まで昇温されることで、シリコン上を被覆した数ナノメートルの鉄が挙げられる。熱化学気相蒸着によるカーボンナノチューブの成長(非特許文献3参照)は、一般的にはシリコンの成長基質上に、垂直に配向したカーボンナノチューブを生じさせる。
(3.1)ニードル
本発明の一態様は、容易に皮層に差し込むことができ、毛細血管又は組織液に到達するマイクロニードルとして機能するカーボンナノチューブを、パターン化して分散させて使用するデバイスである。このようなデバイスは、ニードル又はリバースニードル(reverse needle)として用いることができ、それぞれ体に対する又は体からの物質の移送を促進する。図4Aは、カーボンナノチューブ102がナノニードルを形成するように、基質100中に固定した一群のカーボンナノチューブ102を示す。図示する実施形態では、基質は多孔質基質400である。両矢印402は、カーボンナノチューブ102を通じて、基質に対する又は基質からの物質の移動が生じ得る方向を示す。ニードルとして機能する際には、カーボンナノチューブベースのニードルは、図2Bに示す突き刺す作用と同様に、皮下で流体と接触することにより、血液又は組織液を多孔質基質400中に取り出す作用も有する。流体の分析は、光学的分析などの何らかの別の手段によりなされる。リバースニードル(reverse needle)として機能する際には、多孔質基質400に、何らかの薬剤、例えば、医薬を前もって充填し、これを、カーボンナノチューブベースのニードルを通じて、皮下領域中に送達させることができる。図4Bは、複数のニードル様のナノチューブ102のクラスターを備えるデバイスを示す。
ナノニードルデバイスは、センサーと組み合わせて、血糖値、又は他の血液若しくは体液の物性、例えばpH、糖値、酸素含有量等をモニターするためのプローブとして機能させることができる。このデバイスは、カーボンナノチューブの固有の電気伝導性に基づいて機能する。図5Aは、本発明に従うナノプローブを図示する。プローブは、センサー500と連結した基質100中に固定した、一つ又は複数のカーボンナノチューブ102のクラスターを備える。このセンサーは、所望の作動形態に依存して、カーボンナノチューブ102又は基質100又は両方と、動作可能なように連結させることができる。図5Aでは、センサー500は、カーボンナノチューブ102のクラスターと動作可能なように連結される。図5Bの上面図に示す、望ましい実施形態では、ナノチューブクラスターが、互いに電気的に絶縁されるようにパターン化される。図示のパターンは、ナノチューブクラスターの内輪502及び外輪504を備える。図5Bに示す態様についての具体的な用途としては、血糖値の測定が挙げられる。本出願では、カーボンナノチューブクラスターのサブセット(例えば、内輪502)を、グルコースオキシダーゼで処理し、一方で、カーボンナノチューブクラスターの別のサブセット(例えば、外輪504)を、フェリシアン化物で処理することにより、血液中に導電性を生じさせ、血糖値の測定を可能にする。本発明は、図5Bに示す具体的な実施形態に加えて、さまざまなパターンのナノチューブクラスターを用いることができることに留意されたい。また、このデバイスは、被覆プローブとして用いることもでき、ここで、薬物などの薬剤で、図3A及び3Bに示すカーボンナノチューブの表面上又は内部を、前もって被覆することができ、そして、カーボンナノチューブを生体組織中に差し込むことにより、薬剤を送達し、または放出することができる。
図4Bに示すカーボンナノチューブの集合体は、カーボンナノチューブの固有の毛細管作用により、湿式の絵筆として作用することもできる。同様の方法は、米国特許出願第11/124,523号明細書に記載されており、この参照により本明細書に取り込まれたものとする。
本発明の別の望ましい実施形態は、血管の一部を開くためにバルーンを膨張させることに続いて、組織細胞の過剰増殖を防止するためにパクリタキセル薬を送達するための血管形成術におけるものである。しかしながら、本発明は、血管形成術での使用又はパクリタキセルの送達に限定されるとみなすべきではない。本発明は、これらに限定されないが、皮膚、子宮、気管支、及び直腸を含む消化管の様々な部位を含めて、身体の様々な部位に、多様な物質を送達するために、適切に用いることができる。
d(図1では、106)は、個々のカーボンナノチューブの直径であり;
h(図1では、108)は、個々のカーボンナノチューブの長さであり;
s(図1では、110)は、個々のカーボンナノチューブ間の距離であり;
R(図6Bでは、604)は、バルーンの半径であり;そして、
L(図6Aでは、602)は、バルーンの長さであり、また、
以下の、一般的な前提値:
d=10nm;
s=100nm;及び
h=500nm
を用いて、
下記の結果が得られた:
本発明のナノ強化された表面は、皮膚上に付着させる表皮パッチに用いることができる。図7Aは、ナノ強化された表皮パッチの一例700を示す。このパッチは、皮膚に付着する表面から突出する配向カーボンナノチューブ102を有する。パッチ700の一部、例えば周縁部702を、皮膚に対する付着を容易にするために、接着剤で被覆してもよい。図7Bに示すように、パッチ700を皮膚に適用するとき、カーボンナノチューブ102は、図2Bに示す形で皮膚に差し込まれ、そこに被覆されたあらゆる薬物又は薬剤を皮膚に放出する。このパッチは、先述のいかなる本発明の実施形態とも併用して用いることができる。
Claims (13)
- デバイスと組織との間で物質を移送するためのナノ強化デバイスであって、
前記デバイスは、基質及び二つの端を有する実質的に配向されたカーボンナノチューブ配列を含み、
前記カーボンナノチューブは、少なくとも一端が前記基質から突出した状態で前記基質内に固定され、突出する前記カーボンナノチューブが、前記デバイスの物質移送能力を強化する、ナノ強化されたデバイス。 - 前記カーボンナノチューブ配列は、薬物及び遺伝子からなる群から選択される物質で被覆される、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記カーボンナノチューブは側壁を有し、前記ナノチューブ配列はカーボンナノチューブ間に隙間を有し、
固定された前記カーボンナノチューブの突出する端部は、薬物で被覆されず、
薬物被覆領域は、前記カーボンナノチューブの前記側壁、及び前記カーボンナノチューブ間の前記隙間からなる群から選択される領域からなる、請求項2に記載のデバイス。 - 前記デバイスは、組織上に付着するパッチ、及び血管形成術用バルーンからなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載のデバイス。
- 前記薬物は、パクリタキセルである、請求項4に記載のデバイス。
- 前記カーボンナノチューブ配列の少なくとも一部の直接又は非直接の加熱、前記カーボンナノチューブ配列の少なくとも一部への通電、前記カーボンナノチューブ配列の少なくとも一部に対するレーザー又は他の光学的な刺激、前記カーボンナノチューブ配列の少なくとも一部に対する超音波照射、前記カーボンナノチューブ配列の少なくとも一部の機械的振動、及び製造中の前記ナノチューブ配列の疎水性の調整、からなる群から選択される補強作用を発揮することができる、薬物送達補強装置との併用により、前記デバイスから組織への薬物送達が強化された、請求項2に記載のデバイス。
- 前記薬物送達補強装置は、即時の時期、及び時系列に従う時期からなる群から選択される時期に前記補強作用を行う、請求項6に記載のデバイス。
- 前記カーボンナノチューブは、一つ又は複数のカーボンナノチューブクラスターとして配置され、各々のクラスターがニードルとして効果的に機能することができるよう構成された、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記基質は多孔質材料を含み、
前記物質を、前記カーボンナノチューブの固有の毛細管作用により、前記デバイス及び前記組織に対して又は前記デバイス及び前記組織から移送することができる、請求項8に記載のデバイス。 - 前記基質の前記多孔質材料に、前記カーボンナノチューブを通じて前記組織に移送するための前記物質が充填される、請求項9に記載のデバイス。
- 前記カーボンナノチューブクラスターは、それらが互いに電気的に絶縁されるようにパターン化され、
前記デバイスは、前記ナノチューブクラスターの電位を読み取るセンサーを含む、請求項8に記載のデバイス。 - 前記カーボンナノチューブは、固有の電気伝導性を有し、
前記カーボンナノチューブの前記固有の電気伝導性は、前記カーボンナノチューブを前もって化学物質で被覆する処理により調整される、請求項11に記載のデバイス。 - 前記カーボンナノチューブクラスターのサブセットが、グルコースオキシダーゼで処理され、
前記カーボンナノチューブの別のサブセットが、フェリシアン化物で処理されていることで、
血液中に導電性を生じさせ、血糖値の測定を可能にする、請求項12に記載のデバイス。
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US9352136B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 |
WO2010087971A3 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
US9050444B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 |
WO2010087971A2 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
US20130158377A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
JP5620408B2 (ja) | 2014-11-05 |
CN102292114A (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
EP2381972A2 (en) | 2011-11-02 |
US20150238742A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
US20100196446A1 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
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