JP2012243564A - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 173
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- AHKZTVQIVOEVFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxide(2-) Chemical compound [O-2] AHKZTVQIVOEVFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】燃料電池システム10は、燃料電池スタック12、酸化剤ガス流量制御装置26、改質装置28、原燃料流量制御装置30及び排ガス流量制御装置32を備える。燃料電池システム10では、酸化剤ガス流量制御装置26は、燃料電池24が起動して燃料電池スタック12が規定温度に昇温されるまで、酸化剤ガスを改質装置28に供給して部分酸化改質を行わせるための起動用酸化剤ガス流量調整弁36を備えるとともに、排ガス流量制御装置32は、前記規定温度に達した後、排ガスを前記改質装置28に供給して前記部分酸化改質及び水蒸気改質を行っている。
【選択図】図1
Description
14…固体電解質 16…アノード電極
18…カソード電極 20…電解質・電極接合体
24…燃料電池 26…酸化剤ガス流量制御装置
28…改質装置 30…原燃料流量制御装置
32…排ガス流量制御装置 34…発電用酸化剤ガス流量調整弁
36…起動用酸化剤ガス流量調整弁 42…空気ポンプ
44…熱交換器 46…部分酸化改質反応器
48…水蒸気改質反応器 50…燃料流量調整弁
52…原燃料供給路 54…燃料ポンプ
56…排ガス流量調整弁 58…排ガス配管
60…排ガス戻り配管 62a〜62d…流量計
64…空燃比センサ
Claims (5)
- 電解質をアノード電極とカソード電極とで挟んで構成される電解質・電極接合体が、セパレータ間に積層される燃料電池を備え、複数の前記燃料電池が積層される燃料電池スタックと、
前記カソード電極に供給される酸化剤ガスの供給量を制御する酸化剤ガス流量制御装置と、
原燃料を改質して前記アノード電極に供給される燃料ガスを生成する改質装置と、
前記改質装置に供給される前記原燃料の供給量を制御する原燃料流量制御装置と、
前記燃料電池スタックの発電反応により発生する排ガスの一部を、前記改質装置に導入させるとともに、排ガス供給量を制御する排ガス流量制御装置と、
を備える燃料電池システムであって、
前記酸化剤ガス流量制御装置は、前記酸化剤ガスを前記燃料電池に供給する発電用酸化剤ガス流量制御部と、
前記燃料電池が起動して前記燃料電池スタックが規定温度に昇温されるまで、前記酸化剤ガスを前記改質装置に供給して部分酸化改質を行わせるための起動用酸化剤ガス流量制御部と、
を備えるとともに、
前記排ガス流量制御装置は、前記燃料電池スタックが前記規定温度に達した後、前記排ガスを前記改質装置に供給して前記部分酸化改質及び水蒸気改質を行わせることを特徴とする燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記燃料電池スタックが前記規定温度に達した際、前記原燃料流量制御装置により前記改質装置に供給される前記原燃料中の炭素分と、前記排ガス流量制御装置により前記改質装置に供給される前記排ガス中の前記酸化剤ガスとのモル比が、0.55〜0.80に設定されるとともに、
前記排ガス流量制御装置により前記改質装置に導入される前記排ガス供給量は、全排ガス量の15〜40%に設定されることを特徴とする燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1又は2記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記規定温度に達する前、前記原燃料流量制御装置により前記改質装置に供給される前記原燃料と、前記起動用酸化剤ガス流量制御部により前記改質装置に供給される前記酸化剤ガスとの体積比が、理論空燃比×0.9〜理論空燃比に設定されることを特徴とする燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記規定温度から定格温度までの間、前記原燃料流量制御装置により前記改質装置に供給される前記原燃料と、前記排ガス流量制御装置により前記改質装置に供給される前記排ガス中の前記酸化剤ガスとの体積比が、理論空燃比×0.9〜理論空燃比に設定されるとともに、
前記排ガス流量制御装置により前記改質装置に導入される前記排ガス供給量は、全排ガス量の15〜40%に設定されることを特徴とする燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記規定温度から発電を開始することを特徴とする燃料電池システム。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011112374A JP6096402B2 (ja) | 2011-05-19 | 2011-05-19 | 燃料電池システム |
US14/115,681 US10938046B2 (en) | 2011-05-19 | 2012-04-17 | Fuel cell system |
PCT/JP2012/060804 WO2012157401A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 | 2012-04-17 | Fuel cell system |
EP12719813.3A EP2710657B1 (en) | 2011-05-19 | 2012-04-17 | Fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011112374A JP6096402B2 (ja) | 2011-05-19 | 2011-05-19 | 燃料電池システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2012243564A true JP2012243564A (ja) | 2012-12-10 |
JP6096402B2 JP6096402B2 (ja) | 2017-03-15 |
Family
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2011112374A Active JP6096402B2 (ja) | 2011-05-19 | 2011-05-19 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10938046B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2710657B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6096402B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012157401A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2016051573A (ja) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-04-11 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池モジュール |
GB202110632D0 (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-08 | Ceres Ip Co Ltd | Fuel cell systems and method |
WO2022184712A1 (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2022-09-09 | Ceres Intellectual Property Company Limited | Fuel cell system |
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EP3134934B1 (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2018-02-21 | Convion Oy | Transition arrangement and process of a fuel cell system operation state |
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US9968906B2 (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2018-05-15 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Reforming with oxygen-enriched matter |
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WO2022184712A1 (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2022-09-09 | Ceres Intellectual Property Company Limited | Fuel cell system |
GB202110632D0 (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-08 | Ceres Ip Co Ltd | Fuel cell systems and method |
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JP6096402B2 (ja) | 2017-03-15 |
WO2012157401A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
US10938046B2 (en) | 2021-03-02 |
EP2710657B1 (en) | 2015-06-10 |
EP2710657A1 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
US20140087279A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
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