JP2012214615A - 気泡塔型スラリー床反応器のスタートアップ方法及びスタートアップ用溶媒並びに炭化水素油の製造方法 - Google Patents
気泡塔型スラリー床反応器のスタートアップ方法及びスタートアップ用溶媒並びに炭化水素油の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G3/54—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids characterised by the catalytic bed
- C10G3/55—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids characterised by the catalytic bed with moving solid particles, e.g. moving beds
- C10G3/56—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids characterised by the catalytic bed with moving solid particles, e.g. moving beds suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries, ebullated beds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
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- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
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- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/34—Apparatus, reactors
- C10G2/342—Apparatus, reactors with moving solid catalysts
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4031—Start up or shut down operations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/42—Fischer-Tropsch steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
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Abstract
【解決手段】 本発明の気泡塔型スラリー床反応器のスタートアップ方法は、フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応により炭化水素を生成するための気泡塔型スラリー床反応器の再稼動に際して、気泡塔型スラリー床反応器で生成し、水素化処理された、炭素数21以上のパラフィン炭化水素を40質量%以上含有し且つ過酸化物価が1ppm以下である水素化処理油を、気泡塔型スラリー床反応器に供給することを特徴とする。
【選択図】 なし
Description
工程S1では、まず、脱硫装置(図示省略。)により、天然ガス中に含まれる硫黄化合物を除去する。通常この脱硫装置は、公知の水素化脱硫触媒が充填された水素化脱硫反応器及びその後段に配設された、例えば酸化亜鉛等の硫化水素の吸着材が充填された吸着脱硫装置から構成される。天然ガスは水素とともに水素化脱硫反応器に供給され、天然ガス中の硫黄化合物は硫化水素に転化される。続いて吸着脱硫装置において硫化水素が吸着除去されて、天然ガスが脱硫される。この天然ガスの脱硫により、改質器に充填された改質触媒、工程S2で使用されるFT合成触媒等の硫黄化合物による被毒を防止する。
CH4+H2O→CO+3H2 (1)
CH4+CO2→2CO+2H2 (2)
工程S2においては、工程S1において製造された合成ガスが気泡塔型スラリー床反応器C2に供給され、合成ガス中の水素ガスと一酸化炭素ガスから炭化水素が合成される。
2nH2+nCO→(−CH2−)n+nH2O (3)
工程S3では、気泡塔型スラリー床反応器C2から供給された軽質炭化水素油と重質炭化水素油の混合物からなる炭化水素油(FT合成油)を第1精留塔C4において分留する。この分留により、FT合成油を、概ねC5〜C10であり沸点が約150℃より低い粗ナフサ留分と、概ねC11〜C20であり沸点が約150〜360℃である粗中間留分と、概ねC21以上であり沸点が約360℃を超える粗ワックス留分とに分離する。
第1精留塔C4から工程S4により移送された粗ワックス留分は、ラインL12に接続される水素ガスの供給ライン(図示省略。)により供給される水素ガスとともに、ラインL12の中途に設置された熱交換器H4により粗ワックス留分の水素化分解に必要な温度まで加熱された後、水素化分解装置C6へ供給されて水素化分解される。なお、水素化分解装置C6において水素化分解を十分に受けなかった粗ワックス留分(以下、場合により「未分解ワックス留分」という。)は、工程S8において第2精留塔C12の塔底油として回収され、ラインL38によりラインL12にリサイクルされ、水素化分解装置C6へ再び供給される。
第1精留塔C4からラインL18により抜き出された粗中間留分は、ラインL18に接続される水素ガスの供給ライン(図示省略。)により供給される水素ガスとともに、ラインL18に設置された熱交換器H6により粗中間留分の水素化精製に必要な温度まで加熱された後、中間留分水素化精製装置C8へ供給され、水素化精製される。
第1精留塔C4からラインL20により抜き出された粗ナフサ留分は、ラインL20に接続される水素ガスの供給ライン(図示省略。)により供給される水素ガスとともに、ラインL20に設置された熱交換器H8により粗ナフサ留分の水素化精製に必要な温度まで加熱された後、ナフサ留分水素化精製装置C10へ供給され、水素化精製される。
水素化分解装置C6からの流出油から得られる液体炭化水素及び中間留分水素化精製装置C8からの流出油から得られる液体炭化水素からなる混合油は、ラインL32に設置された熱交換器H10で加熱された後に、第2精留塔C12へ供給され、概ねC10以下である炭化水素と、灯油留分と、軽油留分と、未分解ワックス留分とに分留される。概ねC10以下の炭化水素は沸点が約150℃より低く、第2精留塔C12の塔頂からラインL44により抜き出される。灯油留分は沸点が約150〜250℃であり、第2精留塔C12の中央部からラインL42により抜き出され、タンクT4に貯留される。軽油留分は沸点が約250〜360℃であり、第2精留塔C12の下部からラインL40により抜き出され、タンクT2に貯留される。未分解ワックス留分は沸点が約360℃を超え、第2精留塔C12の塔底から抜き出され、ラインL38により水素化分解装置C6の上流のラインL12にリサイクルされる。第2精留塔C12の塔頂から抜き出された概ねC10以下の炭化水素はラインL44及びL36によりナフサ・スタビライザーに供給され、ナフサ留分水素化精製装置C10より供給された液体炭化水素とともに分留される。
FT合成反応の反応温度を210℃として得た生成油を分留して得られた粗ワックス(アルコール類3.3質量%、ノルマルパラフィン92.5質量%、オレフィン類4.2質量%)を用意した。この粗ワックスを、水素気流下、水素化分解触媒(白金0.8質量%/シリカアルミナ(30質量%)−USYゼオライト(10質量%)−アルミナバインダー(60質量%))に接触させて、反応温度290℃、水素/油比340NL/L、LHSV=2.0h−1、下記式で表される分解率が10%となる条件で、水素化分解した。
分解率(質量%)=[生成油における沸点360℃未満の留分の質量]/[粗ワックス中に含まれる沸点360℃以上の留分の質量]×100
なお、分解率は、生成油のガスクロマトグラフィー法による分析の結果から算出した。
実施例1と同様にして得られた粗ワックスを、FT合成及び分留してから1ヶ月貯蔵した後、スタートアップ溶媒として使用した。この粗ワックスの含酸素化合物の濃度及び過酸化物価を実施例1と同様にして測定したところ、それぞれ3.28%及び10ppmであった。
実施例1と同様にして得られた水素化処理油を2ヶ月保管し、これをスタートアップ用溶媒として用いた。このスタートアップ用溶媒中の含酸素化合物濃度及び過酸化物価を測定したところ、それぞれ0質量%及び7ppmであった。
市販のパラフィンワックス(酸化防止剤20ppm含有)の過酸化物価を測定したところ0ppmであった。この市販パラフィンワックスをスタートアップ用溶媒として用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、FT合成反応を実施した。反応初期におけるCO転化率を測定したところ75%であった。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (3)
- フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応により炭化水素を生成するための気泡塔型スラリー床反応器の再稼動に際して、前記気泡塔型スラリー床反応器で生成し、水素化処理された、炭素数21以上のパラフィン炭化水素を40質量%以上含有し且つ過酸化物価が1ppm以下である水素化処理油を、前記気泡塔型スラリー床反応器に供給することを特徴とする気泡塔型スラリー床反応器のスタートアップ方法。
- フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応により炭化水素を生成するための気泡塔型スラリー床反応器の稼動開始に用いられるスタートアップ用溶媒であって、
前記気泡塔型スラリー床反応器で生成し、水素化処理された、炭素数21以上のパラフィン炭化水素を40質量%以上含有し且つ過酸化物価が1ppm以下である水素化処理油からなることを特徴とするスタートアップ用溶媒。 - フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応により炭化水素を生成するための気泡塔型スラリー床反応器を用いる炭化水素油の製造方法であって、
請求項1に記載のスタートアップ方法により、前記反応器の再稼動を行なうことを特徴とする炭化水素油の製造方法。
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MYPI2013003535A MY162887A (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Method for starting up bubble-column-type slurry-bed reactor, start-up solvent, and method for producing hydrocarbon oil |
AU2012233963A AU2012233963B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Method for starting up bubble-column-type slurry-bed reactor, start-up solvent, and method for producing hydrocarbon oil |
CA2831745A CA2831745C (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Method for starting up bubble-column-type slurry-bed reactor, start-up solvent, and method for producing hydrocarbon oil |
PCT/JP2012/057773 WO2012133325A1 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | 気泡塔型スラリー床反応器のスタートアップ方法及びスタートアップ用溶媒並びに炭化水素油の製造方法 |
US14/007,833 US8765823B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Method for starting up bubble-column-type slurry-bed reactor, start-up solvent, and method for producing hydrocarbon oil |
AP2013007202A AP4079A (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Method for starting up bubble-column-type slurry-bed reactor, start-up solvent, and method for producing hydrocarbon oil |
EA201391427A EA024742B1 (ru) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Способ пуска суспензионного барботажного колонного реактора и растворитель для пуска |
EP12762810.5A EP2692829A4 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | METHOD FOR STARTING A BUBBLE COLUMN SUSPENSION FUEL REACTOR, STARTING SOLVENT, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBON OIL |
CN201280016971.4A CN103459558B (zh) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | 鼓泡塔型淤浆床反应器的启动方法及启动用溶剂和烃油的制造方法 |
BR112013025271-5A BR112013025271B1 (pt) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Método para partida de um reator de leito de massa semifluida do tipo coluna de bolhas e processo para produzir óleo hidrocarbonado |
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JP2013203889A (ja) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-07 | Japan Oil Gas & Metals National Corp | 気泡塔型スラリー床反応器のスタートアップ方法 |
JP2019504751A (ja) * | 2015-12-08 | 2019-02-21 | イエフペ エネルジ ヌヴェルIfp Energies Nouvelles | フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成における気泡塔への触媒の投入 |
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CN116099459A (zh) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-05-12 | 天津凯莱英制药有限公司 | 浆态床反应器 |
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