JP2012127178A - Protective house building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a protective house building which, in constructing a house of a temporal residential type or normal residential type, enables free selection of the installation place for construction without fear of damage thereto caused by attack of a tsunami or flood.SOLUTION: A protective house building comprises: supports erected from the ground with long objects such as a metal pipe, PC pile or sheet pile as a base material and a house structure that is supported through upper portions of the supports so that the lower space becomes a space for a tsunami or the like passing through and enables living in an internal space thereof.

Description

  The present invention relates to a protective housing structure that can ensure safety against an emergency such as a tsunami or flood.

  For example, when a large tsunami strikes due to a large earthquake, most of the houses with a general structure are destroyed, and after that, it is customary to live in a temporary house.

  JP-A-10-184040

  In that case, most of the temporary houses are built on a foundation frame fixed to the ground, and in such cases, if a tsunami strikes, it may be destroyed again, so it will be installed on a safe high ground against the tsunami strike. However, for example, there is a problem that it cannot be constructed on a coastal edge or a devastated flat land as desired by a fisherman.

  The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and even if a temporary type or official type of house is constructed, the place can be freely set without being limited to a high ground where there is no risk of tsunami or flood. The purpose is to provide a protective residential building that can be selected and constructed.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a metal pipe, a PC pile, or a long object such as a sheet pile is used as a base material, and a lower space is a tsunami. And a housing structure that is supported through the upper part of the support so as to be able to live in the internal space.

  As described above, the present invention includes a column that is erected from the ground using a long object such as a metal pipe, a PC pile, or a sheet pile, and a lower space that is a passing space such as a tsunami. It is characterized by having a housing structure that is supported through the upper level and is able to live in the interior space, so when building a temporary residence type or regular residence type house, it is damaged by the tsunami or flood invasion etc. It is possible to provide a protective housing building that can be constructed by freely selecting an installation location without worrying about the above.

The II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 2 which shows one Embodiment of this invention. The front view of FIG. B arrow view of FIG. The top view of FIG. 6 which shows other embodiment. The CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The front view of FIG. D arrow line view of FIG. The top view of FIG. 10 which shows other embodiment. EE sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The front view of FIG. F arrow line view of FIG. The GG sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 13 which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG. The cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG. The side view which shows other embodiment. The side view which shows other embodiment. The front view from the tsunami attack side which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows the conventional facility for tsunami evacuation. The front view which shows other embodiment about the facility for tsunami evacuation. The front view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows other embodiment in the relationship with the past. The front view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows other embodiment. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows embodiment of the space city for tsunami and flood countermeasures. The front view which shows other embodiment of an evacuation facility. The front view which shows other embodiment of an evacuation facility. The perspective view which shows other embodiment of an evacuation facility. The front view which shows other embodiment of an evacuation facility. The front view which shows other embodiment of an evacuation facility. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a proposed example. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a proposed example. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a proposed example. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a proposed example. The perspective view which shows the example of addition to a tent. The front view which shows other embodiment about the facility for tsunami evacuation. FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along the line JJ of FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
Each plan described in each embodiment can be applied to other embodiments.
In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes an installation base, and the base 1 is not intended to be a hill where there is no possibility of a tsunami attack, but is intended for a coastal edge or a general flat land where a tsunami may actually hit or in the future. However, since there is a risk of an attack such as a tsunami or landslide even at the height, there is no point in excluding the height as an installation target. Further, the installation base 1 does not have to be land, and may be made of concrete or metal plate.

2 is a concrete foundation deployed at 4 locations. The foundation 2 is embedded in the installation base 1 in the form of a rectangular block, and is provided with a part of the upper part protruding above the base 1 so as to resist when a tsunami strikes. It has been.
Reference numeral 3 denotes a support, which is made of a metal pipe. The support 2 has a large diameter of about 1 m, and four such support 2 are arranged at the apex position of a square or a long rectangle. The support column 2 is vertically fixed by an anchor 5 with a mounting flange 4 on the bottom surface placed on the foundation 2. Two of these columns 3 (two on the lower side in FIG. 1 and two on the front in FIG. 2) are directed to the coastal edge or river edge where a tsunami attack is expected. Only one of the pillars 3 may be directed to the side where the tsunami strikes in advance.

  A spiral staircase 7 is installed inside one of the columns 3 and a simple elevator 8 is installed inside the other one so that each can enter and exit through a watertight door 9. Yes. The elevator 8 may be a mechanical type in consideration of power failure.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a housing structure, which is fixed at a sufficient height so as not to be attacked by the tsunami via the upper part of the column 3. The housing structure 11 has two floors on the upper and lower floors and is equipped with necessary equipment for daily life. The house structure 11 can be accessed using the spiral staircase 7 or the simple elevator 8. The lower space of the housing structure 11 is a passing space 12 such as a tsunami. On the roof of the housing structure 11, a tsunami avoidance 13 is provided around the outer periphery. You can climb the roof using the spiral staircase 7. A parking space 14 is provided on the base corresponding to the lower side of the housing structure 11.

  On the other hand, a protective column 15 made of metal pipe is erected and fixed on the outside of each column 3 so as to share the flange 4, and this column 15 is supported by a reinforcement receiving member 16 between the column 3 and the column 3. Yes.

In addition, the support | pillar 3 in the said embodiment may be 1 thru | or 3 or a plurality of 5 or more.
Although the column 3 is used as the spiral staircase 7 or the simple elevator 8, the inside may be a simple space. In the case of a space, it can be used as a storage space.
As shown in FIG. 2, a connecting reinforcement member 17 may be connected to a neighboring house, and an evacuation connection bridge 19 connected to the hill 18 may be installed. In this case, the connection reinforcing member 17 may have an evacuation path function as well as a connection function, so that even a person who is away from the tsunami may move from the next to the next and evacuate to finally evacuate to the hill 18. The hill 18 in this case may be an artificial refuge such as a steel structure evacuation facility described in FIG.
The support column 3 may be a square shape or the like in addition to the round shape.
When the housing structure 11 is a temporary housing type, it can be a reinforced type. The reinforced type is preferably a type in which the metal bottom / top frame and panel frame have a large cross-sectional size and are firmly tightened by a rigid brace. The same applies to the following embodiments.

  4 to 7 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, 21 is an installation base, 22 is a base, 23 is a support, 24 is a mounting flange, 25 is an anchor, and is made of a metal pipe (or PC pile) that forms a pair of left and right on the base 22 fixedly installed on the installation base 21. Or a sheet pile or the like) is fixed upright, and the column 23 is erected in such a direction that the tsunami X strikes parallel to the direction in which the columns 23 are arranged. Of course, the struts 23 may be arranged so that the space between the struts 23 becomes the passage space 26, that is, the tsunami flow passes from the front side of the sheet of FIG. Reference numeral 27 is a protective pillar, 28 is a reinforcement receiving member, 29 is a housing structure, 30 is a staircase, and 31 is a tsunami avoidance surrounding the rooftop.

In this embodiment, an additional staircase 32 such as a spiral or a straight line is provided on the roof to form a refuge 33 so as to prepare for a tsunami that crosses the roof. Reference numeral 34 denotes a function pole such as an antenna or a lightning rod.
The column 23 penetrates the housing structure 29. As shown in the right column of FIG. 6, the bottom plate frame 29a of the housing structure 29 is connected and fixed via the flange 36 at the upper end of the column 23. You may do it. The same applies to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3. In this case, an elastic absorption pad 37 may be interposed between the flange 36 and the housing structure 29 to reduce the fear of not only the main shock but also the aftershock. In the figure on the right column, reference numeral 38 denotes a bottom frame made of metal and passed along the outer periphery and length and width, and 39 is a bottom panel.
As shown in the right column of FIG. The housing structure 29 may be any of the regular life types in addition to the temporary type. The tsunami avoidance 31 assumes a tsunami intrusion direction that is the direction of the arrow and raises the front side thereof so that the tsunami does not enter the roof, but the upper end may be of a horizontal height.
The staircase 30 may be a spiral type. A spiral staircase can be provided in the support column 23 or can be used as a storage space.
A rescue net 35 can be stretched on the roof of the housing structure 29 so as not to be washed away by a tsunami.

  8 to 11 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, concrete bases 42 made of concrete are fixed at four locations on the installation base 41, and four mounting posts 45 are fixed upright by fixing mounting flanges 44 by anchors 43 thereon. . Reference numeral 46 denotes a housing structure that is fixedly supported by penetrating the support column 45. A tsunami avoidance 47, a spiral-type additional staircase 48, and an evacuation site 49 are installed on the roof so that even if a high tsunami comes, it can be safely evacuated. It is like that. 50 may be a guard pillar, 51 may be a spiral type staircase.

In addition, you may connect the housing structure 46 of neighboring comrades for reinforcement | strengthening like FIG. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, a plurality of mesh-shaped water flow portions 52 can be provided on the rear surface of the tsunami avoidance 47 from which the tsunami flows, so that the tsunami flow flows but the evacuating people stay and help. 53 is a passing space and 54 is a parking space.
Further, the surface of the housing structure 46 on the tsunami invasion side is shown in the left column of FIG. 10, and a number of vertical metal resistance receiving members 57 are fixed by receiving the top frame 55 and the bottom frame 56. In addition, if a mesh 58 made of metal or the like is stretched by receiving them, it can withstand the tsunami flow. If the resistance receiving member 57 is a half pipe and is disposed so that the groove faces the front surface, water is removed along the groove, and the amount of water toward the housing structure 46 is halved. It is preferable that the resistance receiving member 57 is slightly separated from the outer surface of the housing structure 46 in order to reduce damage. This structure can also be deployed on the side where the return wave will come. This structure also applies to other embodiments.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the metal side plates 60 are fixed to face each other so as to connect the lower portions between the adjacent support columns 45, and the upper and lower surfaces 61 are also closed with the metal plates to be watertight. If the storage space 63 that can be opened and closed by the door 62 is formed, it is safe to evacuate, and there is a tsunami if emergency supplies such as food and beverages are stored or important documents and memories are stored. But safety and security are ensured. In the case of this embodiment, the storage space 63 has a shape in which the longitudinal middle is expanded so that a large storage amount can be secured, but it may be formed by parallel side plates 60 as shown in the right column diagram of FIG. Further, the staircase 64 may be provided using the inside of the storage space 63. In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, you may provide the protrusion 65 which can blow off a tsunami flow in front of the tsunami attack side of the door 62 so that the door 62 may be opened easily.

14 and 15 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, six struts 45 are arranged, and a housing structure 68 that is about twice as large as the housing structure 46 is fixedly installed.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 16, the housing structure 70 may be shaped like a bowl, or as shown in FIG. 17, the housing structure 71 may be trapezoidal with slopes on the front and rear.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 18, the support 46 may not be penetrated into the housing structure 72 but may be extended and supported to support the housing structure 72 between the upper portions thereof. 73 is a bottom receiving frame, and 74 is an upper receiving frame, which are fixed via a holding body 75 that is fastened and fixed to the column 46. Further, on the outer side between the bottom receiving frame 73 and the upper receiving frame 74, a plurality of opposing materials 76, which fasten and fix both frames 73, 74 and protect the outside, are arranged. A mesh can be attached to the outer surface of the opposing material 76.

  FIG. 19 shows a conventional example of a steel structure type tsunami evacuation facility. A plurality of concrete foundation blocks 81 embedded and fixed in the ground 80 are provided with anchors 82, and a plurality of pieces are fixed by fixing bottom flanges 83 to the anchors 82. For example, four steel pipe columns 84 are erected. These struts 84 are coupled to each other by a horizontal connecting member 85 at an intermediate stage thereof, and an evacuation stage 86 is mounted and fixed on the upper part via, for example, an upper flange 87, and a handrail 88 for safety is attached to the stage 86. It is attached. And the ground 80 and the evacuation stage 86 are connected with the stairs 89 for an evacuee to climb.

  This facility is installed at a place where tsunami X is expected to hit, and its height H is set to ensure safety beyond the estimated height of tsunami from the sea surface. Therefore, when the assumed height is reviewed after installation, it is necessary to adjust it higher by + α as shown in FIG. At the same time, if the facilities are made taller, not only will there be a problem with the stability performance of the foundation block 81 (the conventional width is w), but there will also be a problem with the connection of the stairs 89 to the ground.

  FIG. 20 shows an example in which the height of the evacuation stage 86 is increased and various adjustments are made accordingly. That is, the main body portion of the column 84 including the bottom flange 83 is used as it is, and the main body portion is lifted or lifted up to raise it by α, and then the raised body 91 corresponding to the height α is sandwiched therebetween. Put in and connect. The bottom raising body 91 is formed by connecting an upper connection flange 92 and a lower connection flange 93 by a pipe support body 94. The lower connection flange 93 is connected to the anchor 95, and the upper connection flange 92 is connected to the bottom flange 83. Are fixedly connected to each other by a fastening device 96.

Here, the column body 94 is thicker than the column 84 to ensure safety, and the foundation block 97 is formed to be larger and heavier with a W × W plane dimension that is several steps larger than the conventional block of FIG. The lower connection flange 93 having a large area is firmly connected and fixed by the anchor 95.
As for the staircase 89, an additional staircase 98 is connected, and there are a straight type such as a solid line and a folded type. Further, as a method for raising the bottom, it is possible to use a bottom raising body 99 in the form of a concrete block made up of a foundation block 97 and a bottom raising body 91 as shown in the lower right column of FIG. 20 instead of the steel pipe as described above. . Reference numeral 100 denotes a pressing plate for pressing and fixing the bottom flange 83. If a semicircular receiving tube 100a that holds the base portion of the bottom flange 83 is integrally provided on the holding plate 100, the resistance increases. The receiving cylinders 100a are strengthened by bolting as shown in the left column of FIG.

  FIG. 21 also shows another embodiment for raising the existing evacuation facility whose height of the evacuation stage 86 is H by a certain amount of α in accordance with the review of the assumed height. After the facility is lifted or lifted up, the desired height portion of the column 84 is cut transversely at the cutting point 101 as shown in the right column, and these vertically cut pieces a and b are separated by a certain vertical distance. In this state, after connecting with the outer connection sleeve 102, the sleeve 102 and a and b are joined by welding. The sleeve 102 may be a fitting type as shown in the left column of FIG. As a result, the height of the evacuation stage 86 becomes H + α.

  FIG. 22 shows another embodiment for raising the existing evacuation facility where the height of the evacuation stage 86 is H as shown in the left column by raising the fixed height by a certain amount in accordance with the review of the assumed height. As shown in the right column, a plurality of additional support columns 104 are provided on an evacuation stage 86 of an existing tsunami evacuation facility, and an additional evacuation stage 105 and an additional stairs 106 are provided so as to connect them at the upper end. The height is increased by α. An evacuation space may be formed by providing a peripheral wall 108 having an entrance 107 using the periphery of the additional support column 104. Reference numeral 109 denotes an emergency toilet. In addition to keeping emergency supplies in the evacuation space, a simple bath and shower facilities may be provided. In this embodiment, there are two evacuation spaces, namely, an evacuation space and an additional evacuation stage 105 on the evacuation space.

In the embodiment of FIG. 23, a plurality of support columns 112 made of PC piles (including PHC piles and H-type PC piles) are erected and a metal lower protection pipe 113 is wound around the lower periphery. In the middle stage, as shown in the left column, a joint type middle protection pipe 114 is horizontally fixed through a support 112 around a support 112. An evacuation stage 117 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the column 112 by fitting an upper protection pipe 116. On this evacuation stage 117, an additional evacuation stage 118 for raising the floor is provided by the inflow of the additional support column 119 and can be moved up and down by the stairs 120 as in FIG. 22, and an evacuation space is also formed by the peripheral wall 121. A simple toilet 122 is installed.
In addition, as shown in the upper right column diagram, the column 112, which is a PC pile, can be raised to the upper end of the additional column 119, and the evacuation stage 124 can be provided via the additional pipe 123 covering the column 112. As shown in the lower right column, the evacuation stage 125 can be set higher than the additional pipe 123.
Note that a wire base 126 with a buffer rubber a is erected on the additional evacuation stage 118 so that the middle portion of the checker wire W that is engaged with the wire anchor 127 in a tensile state at both ends is put on the wire base 126. It may be. In this case, buffer means (spring, oil damper, etc.) R may be added to the base of the wire W or the like. According to this, even if a ship flows by tsunami current X, the ship etc. is gently received by the wire W having a buffer function, and this ship may hit the evacuation facility or the house after that and cause damage. Disappears. A plurality of wires W are provided in a direction orthogonal to the drawing.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, columns 129 are erected on a concrete foundation 128, and these are connected by a horizontal connecting member 130, and an evacuation stage 131 is provided at the upper end so as to be able to climb up and down by stairs 132. In order to further increase the height, an additional evacuation stage 134 is provided on the evacuation stage 131 via an additional support column 133 so that the evacuation stage 136 can be moved up and down by the additional stairs 135. It is arranged so as to surround the facility structure, and a predetermined one of them and the support column 129 are connected and reinforced by a reinforcing material 137. Some reinforcements are V-shaped as shown in the right column.
In addition, in each embodiment of FIG. 19 thru | or FIG. 25 (except FIG. 21), the case where the existing evacuation facility was raised or raised was explained, but these completed forms may be newly constructed. For example, a case where the entire form of FIG. 20 is newly constructed corresponds to this.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 26, in a tsunami evacuation facility in which only the upper portion of the column 140 is shown and the evacuation stage 141 is placed and fixed via the upper end, a pole 142 is erected at the center on the evacuation stage 141. On the other hand, a receiving pole 143 is erected on the outer peripheral corner of the stage 141, and a plurality of evacuation covers 144 are stretched using these. Note that oblique beams may be provided between the pole 142 and the receiving pole 143 so that the ridge portion of the evacuation cover 144 is attached and supported on them. Reference numeral 145 denotes a tensile stable wire. In the evacuation space under the evacuation cover 144, an ascending entrance of the climbing stairs is faced, and an emergency storage and a simple toilet are always provided. In addition to being a tent site, the evacuation cover 144 may be made of resin, wood, aluminum alloy, or thin steel. A solar panel can be installed on the upper surface of the evacuation cover 144.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 27, in a tsunami evacuation facility in which only the upper portion of the support column 148 is shown and the evacuation stage 149 is placed and fixed via the upper end thereof, a cylindrical entrance / exit 150 is provided at the center on the evacuation stage 149. A fence-shaped safety guard 151 that has been opened is fixedly installed, and those who have evacuated through the stairs 152, if evacuated into the guard 151 through the doorway 150 as shown in the figure, will cause a tsunami to temporarily exceed this facility structure. Even if it is a thing, it will not be washed away and safety will be secured.
As shown in the right column diagram, the safety guard 151 may have a cylindrical shape instead of a fence shape.
Further, a staircase that goes up in a spiral shape may be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the safety guard 151.

  FIG. 28 shows an embodiment in a case where a disaster area destroyed by a tsunami or flood is reconstructed as a completely new aerial city resistant to tsunami. 160 in the upper diagram is a new base, and is constructed by excavating and transporting the top of a mountain 161 or a hill or a part of a slope as shown by an arrow as shown in the lower diagram. Columns 162 are arranged and fixed upright on the base 160 so as to be vertically and horizontally when viewed in plan. The lower periphery of these columns 162 is rigidly fixed by a concrete foundation including a bottom slab 163 and a conical root-surrounding protection portion 164. The root protection part 164 has a conical shape because it allows the tsunami to pass through but has a damping effect. The parts around the protection part 164 are shifted in a staggered arrangement because of the tsunami. This is because, after passing between the front protection parts 164, it hits the back protection parts 164 and dispersed left and right, and the dispersed parts hit again and the energy was greatly attenuated. However, the protection unit 164 may be a cylinder, a prism, or the like, and may not be the staggered arrangement.

An installation base 165 having a square shape, a long square shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like in a plan view is fixedly provided via an upper end surface of a group of the support columns 162. On the installation base 165, detached houses 166, condominiums 167, commercial buildings, and the like are installed. In the case of this embodiment, a large number of installation bases 165... Are formed on the left and right and front and rear sides as a group, and these are connected vertically and horizontally by a connecting bridge 169 via an elastic connection portion 168. The installation base 165 is 20 to 40 m high, and the height is sufficient according to the estimated height of the tsunami strike. The outer edge of the installation base 165 is provided with a rising portion for protection from a tsunami and for increasing the base strength.
In the example shown in the middle stage, each end of the installation base 165 is supported so as to hang on the hill 170 of the mountain 161, and the two bases 165 are connected by a connecting bridge 171 so as to be able to come and go. is there. The hill 170 may be a road.
In the example shown in the lower stage, the mountains 161 are connected by a single bridge-type installation base 173. The base 173 is wide in the direction orthogonal to the figure, and the buildings 174...

  FIG. 29 shows another embodiment. In the case where an existing (or newly installed) building 177 is in danger of not satisfying the estimated height of the tsunami in the area, a column 178, a horizontal connecting member 179 and an evacuation stage 180 are placed on the rooftop. The steel structure type evacuation facility is constructed so that the stairs 181 can evacuate beyond the building height. Reference numeral 182 denotes a tensile cable. If the column 178 is coupled to the internal structure 177a of the building 177, the evacuation facility is stabilized. As shown in the left column, a large number of opposing piles 184 are arranged on the left and right so as to correspond to the outside of the roof rail 183 so that the rail 183 does not break down due to the tsunami flow that exceeds.

  The embodiment of FIG. 30 is also made for the same purpose as that of the embodiment of FIG. 29, and the inner strut 188 a and the two inner struts 188 are erected from the roof with the internal construction body 187 a of the building 187 as a coupling partner. 189 is composed of two front and rear, and is erected from the concrete foundation 191 fixed to the ground 190 so as to have the same height as the inner support column 188. These inner and outer struts 188 and 189 are connected to each other in multiple stages by horizontal connecting members 192... And an evacuation stage 193 is provided on the upper part thereof, and the stairs 194 can be climbed up and down. In addition, as shown in the upper side of the figure, if a safety net 195 is installed on the roof, it will be a rescuer when a tsunami has passed. In addition, as shown in the upper right of the figure, if a plurality of installation bars 196 having a fixed height are arranged on the roof and a handle 197 is arranged on the bar 196 and is gripped, the tsunami that has exceeded There is no fear of being washed away. Furthermore, as shown in the lower right column, a protective handrail 198 is provided on the roof, and by grabbing the handrail 198, it is possible to escape from the tsunami and to escape to a safe place.

  FIG. 31 is an embodiment having the same purpose as the embodiment of FIGS. 29 and 30, and the pole 201 is already installed on the roof of the building 200. The pole 201 is used as a support column 202 that also serves as a staircase, and an evacuation stage 203 is provided at the upper end thereof, and the structure is stably supported by tensile reinforcement members 204. A net 205 for protecting against tsunamis may be provided in front of and behind the building 200.

  FIG. 32 is a proposal example. The ladder 209 and the supporting member 210 are installed using the existing power pole 208 and the evacuation unit 211 is installed on the ladder 209, and the ladder 209 is used for the evacuation unit 211 during a tsunami or flood. It can be evacuated by ascending. Note that the ladder 209 is provided with an emergency-time-breaking door 212 so that it cannot climb during normal times. In addition, an electric shock prevention material 213 is provided at a position above the evacuation unit 211 of the utility pole 208.

  FIG. 33 is also a proposed example. A pipe 216 and a gate-type support frame 217 are provided around the utility pole 215, and the diagonal member 218 is combined to prevent the utility pole 215 from collapsing due to a tsunami or flood, and on the support framework 217. It can be evacuated.

34 to 37 show proposed examples, and FIG. 34 shows a coping method when there is no heater, fuel, electricity, etc. even if heating is required in an evacuation center such as a gymnasium. An opening is provided at the bottom and a receiver 220 that can be a fireplace is installed under the floor, while a smoke exhaust device 221 is provided through the wall surface of the evacuation site so as to be able to respond to an emergency urgently. In addition, 222 is a cover, 223 is a child safety fence.
FIG. 35 is a proposal example having the same purpose as described above. A receiver 225 is installed outside the evacuation site so that a bonfire can be generated, and the heat from the bonfire is passed to the through pipe 226 passing through the evacuation site. After passing through, the interior of the shelter is warmed up by exhausting.
FIG. 36 also shows that a bonfire can be made by the receiver 228 and that it can be exhausted by bringing it into the space under the floor of the refuge through the earth pipe 229, so that the floor and the room of the refuge can be warmed. become.
In FIG. 37, a pedestal 230 such as a brick is arranged on the floor of an evacuation site via a heat insulating sheet, and a heat insulating container 231 is arranged thereon, and a receiver 233 capable of making a bonfire is mounted via a receiving block 232. It is. A smoke exhaust device 234 is arranged at the upper part. Thereby, if a bonfire is made, the room becomes warm, and by placing the legged iron plate 235, for example, yakisoba and many dishes can be prepared.

  FIG. 38 is also a proposal example, and a special fabric that can protect itself from radiation is configured as a tent fabric 238. This fabric can be used for various types of covers used on the roofs of houses and fields, or for the cover of sedimentation ponds and pools.

39 and 40 show another embodiment of a tsunami evacuation facility (tsunami evacuation tower). In the embodiment, a concrete base 301 having a square shape is embedded in the installation base 300, and vertical support anchors 302 are embedded in the base 301 in a four-point arrangement. . The lower half portion of the anchor 302 is long and penetrates from the base 301 to the base 300. The foundation 300 is deep and thick only at the portion corresponding to the column anchor 302.
The column anchor 302 is composed of a long column a and a short column b and is flange-bonded so as to reduce the impact. As shown in the figure, the flange joint is of a small diameter connection type in which a plurality of circumferential recesses are formed and bolts and nuts are accommodated therein. However, a general large diameter flange plate may be connected.

  The support columns 303 are formed of four metal round pipes. In this embodiment, the support columns 303 include an upper support column 303a and a lower support column 303b slightly thicker than the upper support column 303a. The upper and lower support columns 303a and 303b may be a single type. These struts 303 are detachably coupled to the strut anchors 302 via flanges 304 at the lower ends, and the upper and lower struts 303a and 303b are also detachably coupled. These adjacent columns 303, 303 are arranged at an angle shown in the figure so as to form a skirt spreading downward. The column 303 may be erected vertically.

Reference numeral 305 denotes a horizontal connecting member that connects the columns 303 horizontally across several stages, and the horizontal connecting member 305 and the columns 303 are reinforced with diagonal members 306 so that they can counter tsunamis.
Reference numeral 307 denotes a lower evacuation stage. When viewed from above, as shown in phantom lines in FIG. 40, the outer frame has a square outer frame and inner frames arranged vertically and horizontally within the frame. The flange 308 at the upper end of the column 303 is detachably coupled to be placed and fixed.

A stage receiving member 310 supports the lower evacuation stage 307 from the bottom so that it does not swing by connecting the upper part of the column 303 and the middle part of the outer frame of the lower evacuation stage 307 so as to form a V shape. ing. The floor surface of the lower evacuation stage 307 has a heat insulating function of urethane foam.
Reference numeral 311 denotes an upper evacuation stage. The stage 311 is supported via in-stage columns 312 erected at four locations corresponding to the columns 303. These upper and lower evacuation stages 311 and 307 have substantially the same area when viewed from above, and the entire outer periphery between the upper and lower sides can be lived for a certain period of time by stretching a reinforced glass 313 with a net, and a tsunami, flood, etc. A safe evacuation room (observation platform) 314 is formed even in the event of an emergency. An outer wall material 317 made of a photocatalyst is provided below the tempered glass 313, and an LED illumination 315 that uses solar power generation (which may be combined with wind power generation) is provided in the evacuation room 314. The evacuation room 314 has an insulated ceiling 316 made of glass wool, and the room 314 is equipped with flush toilets, baths, kitchens, and air conditioning facilities so that they can live for a certain period of time.

Around the upper evacuation stage 311, an outer handrail 318 is provided, and emergency equipment such as a lightning rod 319, a warning light 320 for an aircraft, an emergency warning speaker 321, and a rotation warning light 322 during an earthquake are installed. On the upper evacuation stage 311, there is always a water tank 323 containing clean water that is widely required during a disaster. Reference numeral 324 denotes a storage. The height H ₁ from the installation base 300 to the bottom surface of the lower evacuation stage 307 is set to 12 m, and the height H ₂ from the bottom surface of the lower evacuation stage 307 to the upper surface of the upper evacuation stage 311 is set to 3 m.
The evacuation stage has two layers of an upper part 311 and a lower part 307, but may be constructed in three or more layers. If the number of layers is increased, the number of evacuable personnel increases accordingly. Reference numeral 325 denotes an upper handrail. Even if the tsunami flow exceeds the upper evacuation stage 311, the handrail 325 can be prevented from being flown by the handrail 325. The water tank 323 may be tied to the handrail 325 with a string.

  Reference numeral 327 denotes an elevator apparatus, and its guide tower 328 is cylindrical as shown in FIG. Evacuation can be performed on the room 314 and the upper evacuation stage 311. For example, the elevator device 327 is set so that it automatically stops at the nearest floor with a seismic intensity of 3 or more, automatically recovers several minutes after the emergency stop, and is ready to transport the evacuees.

  Reference numeral 330 denotes an upper support member (which may be a rope or a link chain) that is a wire, and reference numeral 331 denotes a lower support member. Reference numeral 332 denotes a wire anchor that penetrates through a pile block 334 embedded in the front part between the bases of adjacent struts 303 and is fixed so as to extend deep into the installation base 300 for further strengthening. When viewed from above, the upper support member 330 and the lower support member 331 are stretched in a V shape as shown in FIG. 40, and the upper support member 330 includes the wire anchor 332 and the upper support post 303a. The lower strut member 331 is stretched between the wire anchor 332 and the upper end of the lower column 303b. The wire anchor 332 may be extended upward as indicated by an imaginary line in FIG. 39 so as to function as the buffer pile 333. Further, when the buffer piles 333 are arranged, as shown in FIG. 40, the arrangement of the buffer piles 333 is arranged at a position that opposes the tsunami push wave X and the return wave Y flowing on the basis of the facility. Further, the side surface away from the facility of the wire anchor 332 is an inclined surface that is forwardly lowered as shown in FIG. 39, and is difficult to face upward.

  In addition to being able to prevent the facility from falling down with the tsunami currents X and Y when the anchoring strips 330 and 331 are stretched as described above, ships and containers that flow along with the tsunami currents X and Y, and damaged houses There is a function to protect the accompaniment such as, etc., by securely catching it with the checkered strips 330 and 331 and preventing it from hitting the facility. In addition, since the accompanying items are received by these checkered strip members 330 and 331, the accompanying items act to divide the tsunami currents X and Y into left and right, and thus the tsunami current X that has been high until then. , The height of Y becomes low at that point and the current is diverted, so that people who evacuate to the upper floor of the facility are not swallowed. Therefore, the strut members 330 and 331 in FIG. 40 may be arranged in a V arrangement or a parallel S arrangement so as to effectively counter the tsunami flows X and Y. In addition, a spring, oil, an air damper, etc. can be combined with the drafting strip.

  335 is a main staircase (straight staircase) which is one of the climbing means, and is provided so as to be able to climb from the foundation 301 into the evacuation room 314 in a folding manner. The climbing means may be a spiral. You can go up and down through the emergency stairs 336 to the upper evacuation stage 311.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Installation base 3 ... Support | pillar 11 ... Housing structure 12 ... Passage space.

Claims (1)

  An internal space that is supported via the upper part of the support so that the lower space is a passing space for tsunami and the like, and a support that is erected from the ground using a long object such as a metal pipe, PC pile, or sheet pile A protective housing structure characterized by having a housing structure capable of living in

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