JP2012003841A - 電池用セパレータ材料、電池用セパレータの製造方法、電池用セパレータ、及び二次電池 - Google Patents
電池用セパレータ材料、電池用セパレータの製造方法、電池用セパレータ、及び二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012003841A JP2012003841A JP2010134658A JP2010134658A JP2012003841A JP 2012003841 A JP2012003841 A JP 2012003841A JP 2010134658 A JP2010134658 A JP 2010134658A JP 2010134658 A JP2010134658 A JP 2010134658A JP 2012003841 A JP2012003841 A JP 2012003841A
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- Prior art keywords
- battery
- battery separator
- separator
- porous membrane
- polyurethane
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- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWJJYHHHVWZFEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)O UWJJYHHHVWZFEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Cell Separators (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】電池用セパレータの材料であって、前記材料はポリウレタン多孔質膜である。
【選択図】なし
Description
電池用セパレータの材料であって、
前記材料はポリウレタン多孔質膜である
ことを特徴とする電池用セパレータ材料によって解決される。
電池用セパレータの製造方法であって、
上記のポリウレタン多孔質膜を用いて電池用セパレータを製造する
ことを特徴とする電池用セパレータの製造方法によって解決される。
電池用セパレータであって、
上記のポリウレタン多孔質膜を用いて構成されてなる
ことを特徴とする電池用セパレータによって解決される。
正極と、
負極と、
上記の電池用セパレータ
とを具備してなることを特徴とする二次電池によって解決される。
を濾過させ、120秒間経過した際の透水量(cm3)から単位時間、単位圧力、単位面積当たりの透水量を計算し、
これに膜厚(μm)/25(μm)を乗じることによって25μm換算透水量(L/m2・hr・atm)とし た。透水量が大き過ぎると、電解液の保液性が悪化し、電池の出力性能が低下した。そして、透水量が小さい程、大電流時における放電容量が大きなものであった。このようなことから、上記値の透水量のポリウレタン多孔質膜が好ましかった。
〔電解液の調製〕
EC(エチレンカーボネート):DEC(ジエチルカーボネート)=50:50(重量比)の非水溶媒を調製した。この溶媒にLiPF6を溶解させた。そして、電解液(LiPF6濃度:1M)が得られた。
〔リチウム二次電池〕
80重量部のLiCoO2(正極活物質)と、10重量部のアセチレンブラック(導電剤)と、10重量部のポリフッ化ビニリデン(結着剤)とを混合した。これに、1−メチル−2−ピロリドンを加えてスラリー状にした。このスラリー状物をアルミ箔上に塗布した。この後、乾燥し、加圧成型して正極を構成した。
90重量部の天然黒鉛(負極活物質)と、10重量部のポリフッ化ビニリデン(結着剤)とを混合した。これに、1−メチル−2−ピロリドンを加えてスラリー状にした。このスラリー状物を銅箔上に塗布した。この後、乾燥し、加圧成型して負極を構成した。
セパレータとして微多孔質ポリウレタンフィルム(平松産業株式会社製のルストレFGX:ルストレは登録商標)を用意した。これに上記電解液を注入し、コイン型電池(直径20mm、厚さ3.2mm)を作製した。
上記実施例1において、微多孔質ポリウレタンフィルムの代わりに、微多孔質ポリプロピレン(CELGARD Inc.製のセルガード)を用いた以外は同様に行い、コイン型電池(直径20mm、厚さ3.2mm)を作製した。
上記各例のコイン電池を用いて、室温(20℃)下、0.8mAの定電流定電圧で、終止電圧4.2Vまで5時間充電し、次いで0.8mAの定電流下、終止電圧2.7Vまで放電した。その後、同一条件で、充放電し、放電容量を測定した後、放電電流のみ4.0mAとして放電容量を測定した。その結果が表−1に示される。
表−1
実施例1 比較例1
多孔質フィルム 多孔質ポリウレタンフィルム 多孔質ポリプロピレンフィルム
膜厚(μm) 25 25
突刺強度(g) 350 340
平均孔径(μm) 0.8 0.15
気孔率(%) 30 44
透気度(sec) 120 130
透水量(L/m2・hr・atm) 0 920
透過性指数 0 8.4
相対放電容量(0.8mA) 100 100
相対放電容量(4.0mA) 80 60
この表−1から判る通り、本発明になるものは、ハイレート時の相対放電容量が大きい。
EC(エチレンカーボネート):DEC(ジエチルカーボネート)=50:50(重量比)の非水溶媒を調製した。
セパレータ材料である微多孔質ポリウレタンフィルム(平松産業株式会社製のルストレFGX:ルストレは登録商標)を用意した。該フィルムを5×50mmの短冊状に切断し、上記溶媒の液面に対して垂直に先端から10mmを浸漬した。浸漬直後からキャピラリー効果によって上記溶媒がフィルムを伝って5mm上昇するまでの時間を測定した。
上記実施例2において、微多孔質ポリウレタンフィルムの代わりに、微多孔質ポリプロピレン(CELGARD Inc.製のセルガード)を用いた以外は同様に行い、溶剤の上昇時間を測定した。
表−2
実施例2 比較例2
溶媒上昇時間(sec) 487 1200以上
この表−2から判る通り、本発明になるものは、溶媒との親和性が高く、電解液の注入が迅速である。
Claims (10)
- 電池用セパレータの材料であって、
前記材料はポリウレタン多孔質膜である
ことを特徴とする電池用セパレータ材料。 - 平均孔径が5μm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項1の電池用セパレータ材料。 - 透水量が0〜2000L/m2・hr・atmである
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2の電池用セパレータ材料。 - 透気度が50〜400secである
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項3いずれかの電池用セパレータ材料。 - 気孔率が5〜60%である
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項4いずれかの電池用セパレータ材料。 - 突刺強度が300g以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項5いずれかの電池用セパレータ材料。 - 電池用セパレータの製造方法であって、
請求項1〜請求項6いずれかのポリウレタン多孔質膜を用いて電池用セパレータを製造する
ことを特徴とする電池用セパレータの製造方法。 - 電池用セパレータであって、
請求項1〜請求項6いずれかのポリウレタン多孔質膜を用いて構成されてなる
ことを特徴とする電池用セパレータ。 - 正極と、
負極と、
請求項8の電池用セパレータ
とを具備してなることを特徴とする二次電池。 - 非水二次電池である
ことを特徴とする請求項9の二次電池。
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