JP2011523338A - 電力損失モデルを用いて電力システムの効率を最適化する装置および方法 - Google Patents
電力損失モデルを用いて電力システムの効率を最適化する装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
- H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0012—Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/008—Plural converter units for generating at two or more independent and non-parallel outputs, e.g. systems with plural point of load switching regulators
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Abstract
【選択図】図3
Description
Claims (28)
- 電力サブシステムであって、
一次電力変換器と、
前記一次電力変換器に動作上接続された少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器であって、前記電力サブシステムが、前記一次電力変換器の少なくとも1つの一次動作パラメータと、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器の少なくとも1つの二次動作パラメータと、を測定するように構成された、少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器と、
前記一次電力変換器と、前記少なくとも1つの二次変換器に接続されたコントローラと、
を含み、
前記コントローラが、
前記一次電力変換器と関連した一次電力損モデルと、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器と関連した少なくとも1つの二次電力損モデルとを格納するように構成されたメモリ・ユニットと、
前記電力サブシステムによって測定された前記少なくとも1つの一次動作パラメータと前記少なくとも1つの二次動作パラメータを受け取り、少なくとも1つの制御コマンドを前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つに送るように構成された、通信ユニットと、
プロセッサ・ユニットと、
を含み、
前記プロセッサ・ユニットが、
前記一次電力損モデル、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力損モデル、前記少なくとも1つの一次動作パラメータ、および前記少なくとも1つの二次動作パラメータから目標関数を計算し、
前記目標関数を最小にするように、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つの状態変化を計算する、
ように構成された、電力サブシステム。 - 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、
前記一次電力変換器の前記少なくとも1つの一次動作パラメータは、前記一次電力変換器の一次入力電圧、一次出力電圧、一次出力電流、および一次温度のうち少なくとも1つを含み、
前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器の前記少なくとも1つの二次動作パラメータは、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器の二次入力電圧、二次出力電圧、二次出力電流、および二次温度のうち少なくとも1つを含む、電力サブシステム。 - 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記目標関数は、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち対応するものと関連した電力損の加重合計を含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項3記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記目標関数は、前記電力サブシステムの総電力損に等しい、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムであって、更に、前記コントローラに動作上結合された能動的冷却システムを含み、
前記電力サブシステムは、更に、前記能動的冷却システムと関連した電圧、電流、および温度のうち少なくとも1つを測定するように構成され、
前記メモリ・ユニットは、更に、前記能動的冷却システムの電力損モデルを含むように構成され、
前記プロセッサ・ユニットは、前記能動的冷却システムと関連した目標関数を計算するように構成された、電力サブシステム。 - 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記一次電力変換器は、AC/DC変換器およびDC/DC変換器のうち少なくとも1つを含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器は、スイッチング変換器、降圧変換器、昇圧変換器、および線形レギュレータのうち少なくとも1つを含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記コントローラは、特定用途集積回路(ASIC)、フィールド・プログラマブル・ゲート・アレイ(FPGA)、ディジタル信号処理(DSP)デバイス、マイクロコントローラ、および汎用処理デバイスのうち少なくとも1つを含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記コントローラは、前記電力サブシステムに接続された外部処理デバイスを含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記コントローラは、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つの中に位置する論理回路を含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つは、前記少なくとも1つの一次動作パラメータおよび前記少なくとも1つの二次動作パラメータのうち少なくとも1つを測定するように構成された、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムであって、更に、前記少なくとも1つの一次動作パラメータおよび前記少なくとも1つの二次動作パラメータを測定するように構成された測定ユニットを含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記コントローラは、更に、
前記一次電力変換器の最大入力電圧、最小入力電圧、最大出力電圧、最小出力電圧、最大温度、最大電流、および最小電流のうち少なくとも1つ、ならびに、
前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器の最大入力電圧、最小入力電圧、最大出力電圧、最小出力電圧、最大温度、最大電流、および最小電流のうち少なくとも1つ、
を含むサブシステム制約データを格納するように構成され、
前記プロセッサ・ユニットは、更に、前記目標関数を最小にするように、かつ前記サブシステム制約のいずれにも違反しないように、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つの状態変化を計算するように構成された、電力サブシステム。 - 請求項1記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器は、少なくとも1つの負荷に接続され、
前記コントローラは、更に、
前記少なくとも1つの負荷の最大電圧、最小電圧、最大電流、最小電流、および最大温度のうち少なくとも1つを含む前記少なくとも1つの負荷と関連した負荷制約データを格納するように構成され、
前記プロセッサ・ユニットは、更に、前記目標関数を最小にするように、かつ前記サブシステム制約のいずれにも違反しないように、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つの状態変化を計算するように構成された、電力サブシステム。 - 電力サブシステムであって、
DC/DC変換器およびAC/DC変換器のうち少なくとも1つを含む一次電力変換器と、
スイッチング変換器、降圧変換器、昇圧変換器、および線形レギュレータのうち少なくとも1つを含み、前記一次電力変換器に動作上接続された少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器であって、前記電力サブシステムが、前記一次電力変換器の一次入力電圧、一次出力電圧、一次出力電流、および一次温度のうち少なくとも1つを含む一次パラメータと、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器の二次入力電圧、二次出力電圧、二次出力電流、および二次温度のうち少なくとも1つを含む二次パラメータと、を測定するように構成された、少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器と、
前記一次電力変換器、および前記少なくとも1つの二次変換器に接続されたコントローラと、
を含み、
前記コントローラが、
前記一次電力変換器と関連した一次電力損モデルと、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器と関連した少なくとも1つの二次電力損モデルとを格納するように構成されたメモリ・ユニットと、
前記一次パラメータおよび前記二次パラメータの測定値を受け取り、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つに制御コマンドを送るように構成された通信ユニットと、
プロセッサ・ユニットと、
を含み、
前記プロセッサ・ユニットが、
前記一次電力損モデル、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力損モデル、前記一次パラメータ、および前記二次パラメータから目標関数を計算し、前記目標関数が、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち対応するものと関連した電力損の加重合計を含み、
前記目標関数を最小にするように、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つの状態変化を計算する、
ように構成された、電力サブシステム。 - 請求項15記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記目標関数は、前記電力サブシステムの総電力損失に等しい、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項15記載の電力サブシステムであって、更に、能動的冷却システムを含み、
前記電力サブシステムは、更に、前記能動的冷却システムと関連した電圧、電流、および温度のうち少なくとも1つを測定するように構成され、
前記メモリ・ユニットは、更に、前記能動的冷却システムの電力損モデルを含むように構成され、
前記プロセッサ・ユニットは、前記能動的冷却システムと関連した目標関数を計算するように構成された、電力サブシステム。 - 請求項15記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記コントローラは、特定用途集積回路(ASIC)、フィールド・プログラマブル・ゲート・アレイ(FPGA)、ディジタル信号処理(DSP)デバイス、マイクロコントローラ、および汎用処理デバイスのうち少なくとも1つを含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項15記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記コントローラは、前記電力サブシステムに接続された外部処理デバイスを含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項15記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記コントローラは、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つの中に位置する論理回路を含む、電力サブシステム。
- 請求項15記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記コントローラは、更に、
前記一次電力変換器の最大入力電圧、最小入力電圧、最大出力電圧、最小出力電圧、最大温度、最大電流、および最小電流のうち少なくとも1つ、ならびに、
前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器の最大入力電圧、最小入力電圧、最大出力電圧、最小出力電圧、最大温度、最大電流、および最小電流のうち少なくとも1つ、
を含むサブシステム制約データを格納するように構成され、
前記プロセッサ・ユニットは、更に、前記目標関数を最小にするように、かつ前記サブシステム制約のいずれにも違反しないように、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つの状態変化を計算するように構成された、電力サブシステム。 - 請求項15記載の電力サブシステムにおいて、前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器は、少なくとも1つの負荷に接続され、
前記コントローラは、更に、
前記少なくとも1つの負荷の最大電圧、最小電圧、最大電流、最小電流、および最大温度のうち少なくとも1つを含む前記少なくとも1つの負荷と関連した負荷制約データを格納するように構成され、
前記プロセッサ・ユニットは、更に、前記目標関数を最小にするように、かつ前記サブシステム制約のいずれにも違反しないように、前記一次電力変換器および前記少なくとも1つの二次電力変換器のうち少なくとも1つの状態変化を計算するように構成された、電力サブシステム。 - 複数の電力デバイスを含む電力サブシステムの効率を動的に最適化する方法であって、
前記複数の電力デバイスの各々の電力損モデルを作成するステップと、
前記複数の電力デバイスの各々の動作パラメータを測定するステップと、
前記複数の電力デバイスの各々の測定した前記動作パラメータおよび電力損モデルから前記複数の電力デバイスの電力損を計算するステップと、
前記複数の電力デバイスの各々について計算した前記電力損の加重合計を形成することによって、目標関数を計算するステップと、
前記目標関数を最小にするように、前記複数の電力デバイスの前記動作パラメータの状態変化を計算するステップと、
計算した前記状態変化を、前記複数の電力デバイスのうち少なくとも1つに命令するステップと、
前記測定、計算、および命令するステップを、周期的に繰り返すステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項23記載の方法において、前記複数の電力デバイスの各々の動作パラメータを測定するステップは、更に、前記複数の電力デバイスの各々の入力電圧、出力電圧、出力電流、および温度のうち少なくとも1つを測定するステップを含む、方法。
- 請求項23記載の方法において、前記複数の電力デバイスの各々の電力損モデルを作成するステップは、更に、
前記複数の電力デバイスのそれぞれの入力電圧、出力電圧、出力電流、および温度のうち少なくとも1つのものの複数の値について、前記複数の電力デバイスの各々の電力損を測定するステップと、
測定した前記電力損の値を格納するステップと、
測定した前記電力損の値間で内挿補間し、前記測定した電力損の値を超えて外挿補間することによって、前記複数の電力デバイスの各々の電力損を予測するための関数を作成するステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項23記載の方法において、目標関数を計算する前記ステップは、更に、前記複数の電力デバイスの各々の計算した前記電力損の合計を求めるステップを含み、この合計が前記電力サブシステムの総電力損に等しい、方法。
- 請求項23記載の方法であって、更に、
前記複数の電力デバイスの各々について、最大入力電圧、最小入力電圧、最大出力電圧、最小出力電圧、最大温度、最大電流、および最小電流のうち少なくとも1つを含む電力デバイス制約データベースを作成するステップを含み、
前記動作パラメータの状態変化を計算するステップは、更に、前記電力デバイス制約データベースにおける制約のいずれにも違反しないように、可能な状態変化を制限するステップを含む、方法。 - 請求項23記載の方法であって、更に、
前記電力サブシステムを少なくとも1つの負荷に接続するステップと、
前記少なくとも1つの負荷について、最大入力電圧、最小入力電圧、最大温度、最大電流、および最小電流のうち少なくとも1つを含む負荷制約データベースを作成するステップと、
を含み、前記動作パラメータの状態変化を計算するステップは、更に、前記負荷制約データベースにおける制約のいずれにも違反しないように、可能な状態変化を制限するステップを含む、方法。
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- 2009-05-13 JP JP2011511699A patent/JP5462868B2/ja active Active
- 2009-05-13 WO PCT/US2009/043817 patent/WO2009146259A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-05-13 KR KR1020107029140A patent/KR101300449B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101300449B1 (ko) | 2013-08-27 |
EP2289141A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
CN102047522B (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
JP5462868B2 (ja) | 2014-04-02 |
WO2009146259A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
US8179705B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
KR20110021952A (ko) | 2011-03-04 |
US20090296432A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
CN102047522A (zh) | 2011-05-04 |
EP2289141B1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
EP2289141A4 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
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