JP2011518187A - 局所麻酔薬を含む術後疼痛を処置する方法および組成物 - Google Patents
局所麻酔薬を含む術後疼痛を処置する方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011518187A JP2011518187A JP2011505246A JP2011505246A JP2011518187A JP 2011518187 A JP2011518187 A JP 2011518187A JP 2011505246 A JP2011505246 A JP 2011505246A JP 2011505246 A JP2011505246 A JP 2011505246A JP 2011518187 A JP2011518187 A JP 2011518187A
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- bupivacaine
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- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
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- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
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Abstract
【選択図】 なし
Description
[0054] ブピバカインまたは別の局所麻酔薬は、薬剤デポー中に含有されてよい。薬剤デポーは、所望の部位(例えば、滑膜性関節、椎間腔、脊椎管、腹部、患者の組織等)における埋め込みおよび保持を容易にする物理的構造を含む。薬剤デポーは、更に、薬剤を含む。本明細書中で用いられる「薬剤」という用語は、一般に、患者の生理を変化させるいずれかの物質を意味するものである。「薬剤」という用語は、本明細書中において、「治療薬」、「治療的有効量」および「活性な医薬成分(active pharmaceutical ingredient)」または「API」と同じ意味に用いることかできる。「薬剤」製剤には、二つ以上の治療薬が含まれてよく、ここにおいて、治療薬の代表的な組合せには、二つまたはそれを超える薬剤の組合せが含まれるということは理解されるであろう。薬剤デポーは、部位への送達のための治療薬の濃度勾配を与える。様々な態様において、薬剤デポーは、埋込み剤部位から約1 cm〜約10までの距離で治療薬の最適薬剤濃度勾配を与える。
[00122] デポーを、薬剤送達装置(例えば、シリンジ、ガン薬剤送達装置、または標的器官または標的解剖学的部分への薬剤の適用に適するいずれかの医療装置)の一部分でありうる「カニューレ」または「針」を用いて標的部位に投与することができるということは、当業者に理解されるであろう。薬剤デポー装置のカニューレまたは針は、患者にとって最小限の身体的および心理的外傷となるように設計される。
[00149] 様々な態様において、ブピバカインを含む薬剤デポーは、生体適合性ポリマーおよび治療的有効量のブピバカインまたはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を一緒にし、そしてこれらの組合せから埋め込み可能薬剤デポーを成形することによって製造することができる。
[00173] ブピバカインを含む埋込み剤を、次の手順にしたがって製造した。
[00176] ブピバカイン塩基/25:75 DL-CLストリップ埋込み剤の製造:25:75 DL-CLポリマーを、ガラス製バイアルに加え、そして100℃(薬剤溶融温度より低く)かまたは110℃(薬剤溶融温度より高く)に加熱した。ブピバカイン塩基を、その溶融したポリマーに加え、そして目視によって均一になるまで、スパチュラで混合した。得られたブレンドを、ガラス製バイアルから取り出し、Carver Pressを用いてプレスして、薄膜(0.4〜0.6 mm厚)にした。Carver Pressは、45℃および6000〜8000 psi圧力で操作した。その薄膜を、鋭利なブレードで切断して、所望の寸法のストリップを成形した。埋込み剤の寸法は、9 mm長、0.4〜1 mm厚および1.5〜3 mm幅であった。埋込み剤の寸法は、Brennanラット術後疼痛モデルでのin vivo試験用に選択した。
[00184] ブピバカインを含む多数の埋込み剤を、次の手順にしたがって製造した。
[00187] 噴霧乾燥ブピバカイン塩基/PLGA50501Aの製造:ブピバカイン塩基およびPLGA50501Aを、双方ともアセトン中に溶解させて、10%(w/w)溶液を生じた。65.2%のブピバカイン塩基溶液および34.8%のPLGA50501A溶液の混合物を、Buchi Spray Dryer中で噴霧乾燥させた。加工パラメーターは、次のように設定した。すなわち、入口温度(70℃)、アスピレーター(80%)、窒素入口(50 mm)、噴霧流量(80 mL/時)および超音波発生器(0.8ワット)。噴霧乾燥粉末を集め、そして30℃および15 mmHg真空で更に24時間乾燥させた。
[00196] ブピバカイン塩基を含む多数の埋込み剤を製造し、そしてそれらの累積in vitro放出プロフィールを測定した。
[00199] ブピバカイン塩基/DL-CLストリップ埋込み剤の製造:10:90、25:75または65:35のDL-CLポリマーを各々、ガラス製バイアルに加え、そして100℃(薬剤溶融温度より低く)かまたは110℃(薬剤溶融温度より高く)に加熱した。ブピバカイン塩基を、その溶融したポリマーに加え、そして目視によって均一になるまで、スパチュラで混合した。得られたブレンドを、ガラス製バイアルから取り出し、Carver Pressを用いてプレスして、薄膜(0.4〜0.6 mm厚み)にした。Carver Pressは、45℃および6000〜8000 psi圧力で操作した。その薄膜を、鋭ブレードで切断して、所望の寸法のストリップ(リボン)を成形した。埋込み剤の寸法は、9 mm長さ、1.5〜3 mm幅および0.5〜1 mm厚みであった。
[00201] いくつかのブピバカインゲル製剤を製造した。
[00203] ポリ乳酸(5.71の固有粘度数および15.0グラムの重量)、4-ジメチルアミノピリジン(9.16グラムの重量)およびドデカノール(5.59の重量)を、100 mL丸底フラスコ中に加え、装填し、ゴム隔膜でキャップし、そして油浴中に140℃で入れた。それら材料を、その温度で、全てが溶融後30分間加熱し、そしてマグネチックスターバーで自由に撹拌した。冷却後、15 mLのテトラヒドロフランをフラスコ中に加えて、材料を溶解させ、そしてヘプタンを加えることによって沈殿させた。溶媒をデカントして除去後、材料をクロロホルム(30 mL)中に溶解させ、塩酸塩で洗浄し(1モル、20 mL、3回)、そしてブライン処理を1回行った。その溶液を、無水硫酸ナトリウム上で乾燥させた。溶媒をロタエバポレーションによって除去後、黄色油状物を得た(H-NMRでの末端基分析により約800 g/molのMn)。
[00206] ブピバカインを含む多数の埋込み剤を、次の手順にしたがって製造した。
[00209] 噴霧乾燥ブピバカイン塩基/DLG 50501Aの製造:ブピバカイン塩基およびDLG 50501Aを、双方ともアセトン中に溶解させて、10%(w/w)溶液を生じた。65.2%のブピバカイン塩基溶液および34.8%のDLG 50501A溶液の混合物を、Buchi Spray Dryer中で噴霧乾燥させた。加工パラメーターは、次のように設定した。すなわち、入口温度(70℃)、アスピレーター(80%)、窒素入口(50 mm)、噴霧流量(80 mL/時)および超音波発生器(0.8ワット)。噴霧乾燥粉末を集め、そして30℃および15 mmHg減圧下で更に24時間乾燥させた。
[00214] ブピバカイン埋込み剤を、上の実施例5に記載の手順にしたがって製造した。埋込み剤を製造するのに用いられる製剤を、下の表6に記載する。具体的には、その製剤は、50 wt%のブピバカイン塩基、42 wt.%の5050 DLG 1Aおよび8 wt.%のmPEGを含有した。5050DLGの固有粘度は、0.05〜0.15であり、それは、酸末端基を有した。
[00217] 仔ブタにおける術後疼痛の誘導:仔ブタを、フェイスマスクを介して送達されたイソフルレン/酸素混合物で麻酔した。5 cm長さの皮膚・筋膜切開を、右大腿鼡径部鼡径部に行って、筋肉を無傷のまま保持した。皮膚切り口を、金属製鉗子で閉じた。麻酔持続期間は、10分未満で保持した。切開直後に、それら被験動物の切り口空間中に、対照かまたは薬剤埋込み剤を投与した。モルフィン(Mor)を、陽性対照としてのモルフィン群の被験動物に皮下投与した。
2. 被験動物社会的行動
3. ブタがスリング上にとどまった時間長さ。
Claims (19)
- 術後疼痛の処置を必要としている患者の術後疼痛を減少させる、予防するまたは処置するのに有用な埋め込み可能ドラッグデポーであって、ポリマーおよび治療的有効量の局所麻酔薬またはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を含み、術後疼痛を減少させる、予防するまたは処置するために皮膚下部位に埋め込み可能であるデポーであり、ここにおいて、該ドラッグデポーが、(i)皮膚下部位にボーラス用量の局所麻酔薬またはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を、そして(ii)少なくとも4日間にわたって徐放性用量の有効量の局所麻酔薬またはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を放出することができる埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- 局所麻酔薬が、ブピバカイン、ロピバカイン、メピバカイン、エチドカイン(etidocaine)、レボブピバカイン、トリメカイン(trimecaine)、カルチカイン(carticaine)またはアルチカイン(articaine)の少なくとも一つである、請求項1に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- 局所麻酔薬が、ブピバカインであり、そしてブピバカインが、塩の形である、請求項1に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- 局所麻酔薬が、ブピバカインであり、そしてブピバカインが、塩基の形である、請求項1に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- ポリマーが、ポリ(ラクチドコグリコリド)、ポリラクチド、ポリグリコリド、ポリオルトエステル、D-ラクチド、D,L-ラクチド、ポリ(D,L-ラクチド)、L-ラクチド、ポリ(D,L-ラクチドコカプロラクトン)、ポリ(D,L-ラクチドコグリコリドコカプロラクトン)、ポリカプロラクトンまたはその組合せの一つまたはそれを超えるものを含む、請求項1に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- ポリマーが、ドラッグデポーを部位に埋め込み後30日またはそれ未満で分解することができる、請求項1に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- 局所麻酔薬を、50〜800 mg/日の量で4〜10日間放出する、請求項1に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- 局所麻酔薬が、埋め込み可能ドラッグデポーの約30〜約90 wt.%の量で存在し、そしてポリマーが、該デポーの約10〜約80 wt.%の量で存在し、そして該デポーが、約0.5〜約20 wt.%の賦形剤を更に含む、請求項1に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- 術後疼痛の処置を必要としている患者の術後疼痛を処置するまたは予防する方法であって、治療的有効量の局所麻酔薬またはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を含む一つまたはそれを超える生物分解性ドラッグデポーを、外科手術前、中または後に、皮膚下の標的組織部位へ投与することを含み、ここにおいて、該ドラッグデポーが、皮膚下部位に初期ボーラス用量の局所麻酔薬またはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を放出後、少なくとも4日間にわたって徐放性用量の有効量の局所麻酔薬またはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を放出することができる方法。
- 局所麻酔薬が、ブピバカイン、ロピバカイン、メピバカイン、エチドカイン、レボブピバカイン、トリメカイン、カルチカインまたはアルチカインの少なくとも一つである、請求項9に記載の術後疼痛を処置するまたは予防する方法。
- ドラッグデポーが、該ドラッグデポー中に負荷された局所麻酔薬の全量に相対して約40%〜約70%の局所麻酔薬またはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を、標的組織部位に該ドラッグデポーを投与後4〜10日間にわたって放出することができる、請求項9に記載の術後疼痛を処置するまたは予防する方法。
- ドラッグデポーが、50〜800 mg/日の局所麻酔薬またはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を4〜10日間放出することができる、請求項9に記載の術後疼痛を処置するまたは予防する方法。
- ドラッグデポーが、ポリ(ラクチドコグリコリド)、ポリラクチド、ポリグリコリド、ポリオルトエステル、D-ラクチド、D,L-ラクチド、ポリ(D,L-ラクチド)、L-ラクチド、ポリ(D,L-ラクチドコカプロラクトン)、ポリ(D,L-ラクチドコグリコリドコカプロラクトン)、ポリカプロラクトンまたはその組合せの一つまたはそれを超えるものを含むポリマーを含む、請求項9に記載の術後疼痛を処置するまたは予防する方法。
- 術後疼痛の処置を必要としている患者の術後疼痛を減少させる、予防するまたは処置するのに有用な埋め込み可能ドラッグデポーであって、治療的有効量のブピバカインまたはその薬学的に許容しうる塩およびポリマーを含み;ここにおいて、該デポーは、術後疼痛を減少させる、予防するまたは処置するために皮膚下部位に埋め込み可能であり、そして該デポーは、(i)該ドラッグデポー中に負荷されたブピバカインまたはその薬学的に許容しうる塩の全量に相対して約2%〜約50%のブピバカインまたはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を、最初の48時間までにわたって、そして(ii)該ドラッグデポー中に負荷されたブピバカインまたはその薬学的に許容しうる塩の全量に相対して約50%〜約98%のブピバカインまたはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を、引き続き3〜10日間までにわたって放出することができる埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- ポリマーが、ポリ(ラクチドコグリコリド)、ポリラクチド、ポリグリコリド、ポリオルトエステル、D-ラクチド、D,L-ラクチド、ポリ(D,L-ラクチド)、L-ラクチド、ポリ(D,L-ラクチドコカプロラクトン)、ポリ(D,L-ラクチドコグリコリドコカプロラクトン)、ポリカプロラクトンまたはその組合せの一つまたはそれを超えるものを含む、請求項14に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- ポリマーが、ドラッグデポーの全wt.%の約15%〜約55%を構成する、請求項14に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- ドラッグデポーが、50〜800 mg/日のブピバカインまたはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を放出することができる、請求項14に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- ポリマーが、ドラッグデポーを部位に埋め込み後30日またはそれ未満で分解することができる、請求項14に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポー。
- 請求項14に記載の埋め込み可能ドラッグデポーを製造する方法であって、生体適合性ポリマーおよび治療的有効量のブピバカインまたはその薬学的に許容しうる塩を一緒にし、そしてその組合せから埋め込み可能ドラッグデポーを成形することを含む方法。
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EP2229171A4 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
WO2009129509A4 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
WO2009129509A3 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
US20090264472A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
US8846068B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
US20150018390A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
EP2229171A2 (en) | 2010-09-22 |
CN101842099A (zh) | 2010-09-22 |
BRPI0904957A2 (pt) | 2015-06-30 |
CA2700736A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
US9549920B2 (en) | 2017-01-24 |
WO2009129509A2 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
AU2009236089A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
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