JP2011236433A - ポリアミド硬化性剤組成物 - Google Patents
ポリアミド硬化性剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011236433A JP2011236433A JP2011167320A JP2011167320A JP2011236433A JP 2011236433 A JP2011236433 A JP 2011236433A JP 2011167320 A JP2011167320 A JP 2011167320A JP 2011167320 A JP2011167320 A JP 2011167320A JP 2011236433 A JP2011236433 A JP 2011236433A
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- amine
- fatty acid
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- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
Description
(1)構造1の多官能性アミンを少なくとも一つ含んでいるアミン成分と、
(2)随意的にモノ官能性脂肪酸を含んでいる、ダイマー脂肪酸又はエステル成分との、
反応生成物を含む、ポリアミド硬化性組成物である。
上述したような白化、炭酸化及び浸出のような問題を低減することが可能であり、及び可使時間を長くすることが可能である。他方で、このような改良は粘度を増加する傾向があり、特に二(ジ)官能性エポキシ樹脂の場合においてその傾向があり、そして硬化速度を低下させる場合にもその傾向がみられることがある。特にアダクションに有用なエポキシ樹脂は、ビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテル、改良型のビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテル、ビスフェノールFのジグリシジルエーテル、スチレン酸化物、シクロヘキサン酸化物、及びこのクレゾール、tert−ブチルフェノール及び他のアルキルフェノール、このフェノールのグリシジルエーテル、ブタノール、2−エチルヘキサノール、及びC8〜C14アルコール及びこれらに類するもの、を含む。このアミンとエポキシ成分を混合することによって及び当業者に誘導時間として知られる時間の間(通常は適用する前の15〜60分)その混合物が保たれるようにすることによって、適度なレベルのアダクションを達成することも可能である。
3−アミノプロピル−1,3−ジアミノプロパンの合成
バッチ反応器に510.4gのアクリロニトリル及び6gの水を加えた。この内容物を60℃まで加熱した。この混合物に85gのアンモニアを5時間にわたって加えた。この反応器の圧力は2.4MPaに維持してアンモニアを液状に保った。アンモニアの追加が完了すると、反応器の温度はさらに2時間維持した。この反応器はその後冷却しそしてその内容物を取り出して572.5gの中間生成物を産出した。
例1からのポリアミドの合成
1リットルのガラス反応器に、窒素でゆっくり系をパージしながら、380.6gのダイマー酸(Pripol 1012,Uniqema)を加えた。このダイマー酸を追加した後で攪拌器を始動し、そして47.3gのTOFA(Sylfat FA−1、Arizona Chemical Co.)をこの系にゆっくり加えた。つぎに例1の生成物110.4gを10分にわたって加え、そしてこの攪拌速度を100rpmに上昇させた。この内容物はその後250℃に加熱しそして36.5gの水を蒸留によって除去した。この反応器を140℃に冷却し、そしてこの時点で263.3gのキシレンを加え、そして反応器をさらに80℃未満にまで冷却し、最後に122.5gのイソブチルアルコールを加えた。この最終生成物は琥珀色であった。この生成物はAHEWが502であった。
N−3−アミノプロピルエチレンジアミン、N,N’−ビス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミン、及びN,N,N’−トリス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミンの混合物の合成
1リットルのバッチ反応器に236gのエチレンジアミンを加えた、そして5gの水を加えた、そしてこの内容物を60℃に加熱した。この混合物に417gのアクリロニトリルを5時間にわたって加えた。このアクリロニトリルの追加が完了すると、この反応器の温度をさらに1.5時間の間維持した。
例3からのポリアミドの合成
1リットルのガラス反応器に、窒素でゆっくり系をパージしながら、445.0gのダイマー酸(Yonglin YLD−70)を加えた。このダイマー酸を追加した後で攪拌器を始動し、そして51.0gのTOFA(Sylfat FA−1)をこの系にゆっくり加えた。つぎに例3の生成物299.4gを10分にわたって加え、そしてこの攪拌速度を100rpmに上昇させた。この内容物はその後265℃に加熱しそして56.0gの水を蒸留によって除去した。この反応器を65℃に冷却し、そしてこの内容物をガラスびんに取り出した。この最終生成物は、361mgKOH/gのアミン価、30,000mPa・sの粘度、ガードナーカラー8番、及び800の計算アミン水素当量(AHEW)を有していた。
例3の混合物及びエチレンジアミンからのポリアミドの合成
1リットルのガラス反応器に、窒素でゆっくり系をパージしながら、234.9gのEmpol 1018ダイマー酸を加えた。攪拌器を始動し、そして26.7gのTOFA(Sylfat FA−2)をゆっくり加えた。つぎに例3のアミン混合物124.8gとエチレンジアミン15.6gを10分にわたって加え、そしてこの攪拌速度を100rpmに上昇させた。この内容物はその後265℃に加熱しそして27.6gの水を蒸留によって除去した。この反応器を65℃に冷却し、そしてこの内容物をガラスびんに取り出した。この最終生成物は、341mgKOH/gのアミン価、及び36,640mPa・sの粘度を有していた。
例3からのより高い分子量のポリアミドの合成
反応器に、232gの例3の生成物、106gのTOFA(Sylfat FA−2)及び572gのEmpol 1018ダイマー酸(Cognis)を加えた。この混合物を160℃まで加熱し、そしてこの時点で水が蒸留を始めた。2時間にわたって、この混合物を215℃まで加熱し、この時点で圧力を150torrに下げた。30分にわたって温度を230℃まで上昇させた。53.0gの水が除去されるまでこの温度を保ち、その時点で内容物を冷却した。この最終生成物は、150mgKOH/gのアミン価、及び473,600mPa・sの粘度を有していた。
コーティング処方及び特性
98.8gのDER(登録商標)331エポキシ樹脂(Dow Chemical Co.,EEW=190)及び3.5gNuosperse(登録商標)657(Elmentis plc)を分散容器に詰め込むことにより、通常のやり方で有色性の樹脂ベースを調合した。この容器はCowles刃を採用する高速混合器を備えていた。この容器に、5〜10分間にわたって、高せん断(約4000rpm)で、100.8gTiPure(登録商標)R900二酸化チタン(E.I.DuPont de Nemours Co.)及び74.8gLuzenac(登録商標)10M2(Luzenac Group)を加え、さらに20〜30分の分散を伴い、その後71.7gのキシレン及び17.9gのブタノールでこれの希釈を行い、続いてさらなる混合を5分間低せん断(1000rpm)で行った。この処方した樹脂ベースは200〜300mPa・s及の粘度、及び約70のエポキシ当量を有していた。
a)一定の温度23℃且つ60%の相対湿度において、Beck Koller乾燥時間記録器を使用して求める、薄膜固化時間。相II及び相IIIの乾燥時間はASTM D5859に従って割り当てた。
b)ISO1522基準に対応するBYK振子硬度試験装置を使用して求める、Persoz振子硬度。
c)ISO4520基準に対応するBYK Micro Tri Gloss モデルNo.4520を使用して計測する、鏡面光沢度。
ダイマー酸(Uniquema Pripol 1017)576g、N,N’−ビス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミン組成物(例3の反応生成物)366g、及びTOFA(Sylfat FA−2)70gを一緒に混合し、それから166℃に加熱した。166℃で、蒸留塔を使用して18gの水を除去した。この塔にこれ以上水がない場合、この反応器の温度を214℃に上昇させ、そしてさらに10gの水を除去し、合計28gの水を除去した。また、300gの反応生成物(試料1)を分析作業のために取り出した。この塔に水が残っていない場合、温度を232℃まで上昇させ、そして反応器圧力を150mmHgに下げた。これらの条件下で、さらに10gの水を除去しそして受液器に回収し、結果として合計38gの水を除去した。この時点で別に100gのポリアミド材料を分析のために採取した(試料2)。最終的に、この反応器を240℃に加熱し、そして圧力を25mmHgに下げた。これらの条件下で、さらに11gの水(合計49g)を除去しそしてポリアミドの最終試料を採取した(試料3)。試料1、2及び3は13CNMR分析にかけてこのポリアミド及びピリミジンの内容物を測定した。
Claims (30)
- ダイマー脂肪酸又はエステル成分がモノ官能性脂肪酸を含んでいる、請求項1に記載された硬化性組成物。
- アミン成分が、0〜20質量部(pbw)のモノ−置換アミン、60〜95pbwのジ−置換アミン、0〜20pbwのトリ−置換アミン、及び0〜10pbwのテトラ−置換アミンの質量部である、モノ−、ジ−、トリ−及びテトラ−置換した構造1のアミンの混合物を含む、請求項1又は2に記載された硬化性組成物。
- アミン混合物が、N−3−アミノプロピルエチレンジアミン、N,N’−ビス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミン、N,N,N’−トリス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミン及びN,N,N’,N’−テトラキス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミンを含む、請求項3に記載された硬化性組成物。
- ダイマー成分がモノ官能性脂肪酸も含む、請求項1又は2に記載された硬化性組成物。
- ダイマー酸成分が50質量%〜95質量%の範囲のダイマー酸含有率を有し、そしてトリマー及びより高い重合体の酸は3質量%〜40質量%の含有率であり、残りはモノマーの脂肪酸である、請求項1又は2に記載された硬化性組成物。
- ダイマー酸が、トール油脂肪酸、大豆脂肪酸又は綿実脂肪酸から調合される、請求項6に記載された硬化性組成物。
- モノ官能性脂肪酸が、0〜4つの不飽和ユニットを有するC16〜C22モノカルボン酸である、請求項5に記載された硬化性組成物。
- アミン成分がN,N’−ビス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミンを含む、請求項1又は2に記載された硬化性組成物。
- モノ官能性及び多官能性の酸の合計の等価物に対する脂肪モノ−酸の等価物のパーセンテージが0〜30%である、請求項8に記載された硬化性組成物。
- ポリアミドのアミン水素の一部が、ジ官能性若しくはモノ官能性エポキシ樹脂、又はその両方と反応する、請求項1又は2に記載された硬化性組成物。
- (1)構造1の多官能性アミンを少なくとも一つ含んでいるアミン成分と、
(2)ダイマー脂肪酸成分との、
反応生成物を含む、ポリアミド硬化性組成物であって、
該アミン成分(1)が、0〜20質量部(pbw)のモノ−置換アミン、60〜95pbwのジ−置換アミン、0〜20pbwのトリ−置換アミン、及び0〜10pbwのテトラ−置換アミンの質量部である、モノ−、ジ−、トリ−及びテトラ−置換した構造1のアミンの混合物を含み、該アミン成分(1)及びダイマー成分(2)が、多官能アミンの酸等価物に対するモル比率が0.4:1〜1.2:1で反応し、該反応生成物が少なくとも24モル%のテトラヒドロピリミジン含有成分を含む、ポリアミド硬化性組成物。 - ダイマー脂肪酸成分がモノ官能性脂肪酸を含んでいる、請求項12に記載された硬化性組成物。
- XがCH2CH2である、請求項12又は13に記載された硬化性組成物。
- アミン混合物が、N−3−アミノプロピルエチレンジアミン、N,N’−ビス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミン、N,N,N’−トリス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミン及びN,N,N’,N’−テトラキス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミンを含む、請求項14に記載された硬化性組成物。
- ダイマー成分がモノ官能性脂肪酸も含む、請求項15に記載された硬化性組成物。
- ダイマー酸成分が50質量%〜95質量%の範囲のダイマー酸含有率を有し、そしてトリマー及びより高い重合体の酸は3質量%〜40質量%の含有率であり、残りはモノマーの脂肪酸である、請求項15に記載された硬化性組成物。
- ダイマー酸が、トール油脂肪酸、大豆脂肪酸又は綿実脂肪酸から調合される、請求項17に記載された硬化性組成物。
- モノ官能性脂肪酸が0〜4つの不飽和ユニットを有するC16〜C22モノカルボン酸である、請求項18に記載された硬化性組成物。
- アミン成分がN,N’−ビス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミンを含む、請求項19に記載された硬化性組成物。
- モノ官能性及び多官能性の酸の合計の等価物に対する脂肪モノ−酸の等価物のパーセンテージが0〜30%である、請求項19に記載された硬化性組成物。
- ポリアミドのアミン水素の一部が、ジ官能性若しくはモノ官能性エポキシ樹脂、又はその両方と反応する、請求項19に記載された硬化性組成物。
- エポキシ基のアミン水素に対する化学量論比が1.5:1〜1:1.5の範囲にある、請求項1又は2のポリアミド硬化性組成物とエポキシ樹脂との接触生成物を含む、エポキシ組成物。
- エポキシ樹脂が、ビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテル、改良型のビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテル、ビスフェノールFのジグリシジルエーテル、エポキシノボラック樹脂、又はこれらの混合物である、請求項23に記載のエポキシ組成物。
- ポリアミド硬化性組成物が少なくとも24モル%のテトラヒドロピリミジン含有成分を含む、請求項1〜24のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- (1)N,N’−ビス(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミンを含むアミン成分と、
(2)トール油脂肪酸、大豆脂肪酸又は綿実脂肪酸から調合される、ダイマー脂肪酸成分との、反応生成物を含むポリアミド硬化性組成物であって、該反応生成物が少なくとも24モル%のテトラヒドロピリミジン含有成分を含んでなる、ポリアミド硬化性組成物。 - ダイマー脂肪酸成分が、0〜4つの不飽和ユニットを有するC16〜C22モノカルボン酸を含む、請求項26に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 55phrで190のEEWを有する液体ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテルエポキシ樹脂を均質になるまで混合し、30分間熟成させ、そして150マイクロメートルでコートされるときに、ASTM D 5895−96によると24時間未満の完全乾燥時間を示す、請求項26又は27に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 水を除去するのに十分な加熱および真空条件下で該反応生成物が生成される、請求項1〜28のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該反応生成物が生成される間に生じた水を蒸留によって除去する、請求項1〜29のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
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