JP2011195440A - 高周波領域における誘電体としてのガラスセラミック - Google Patents
高周波領域における誘電体としてのガラスセラミック Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011195440A JP2011195440A JP2011060936A JP2011060936A JP2011195440A JP 2011195440 A JP2011195440 A JP 2011195440A JP 2011060936 A JP2011060936 A JP 2011060936A JP 2011060936 A JP2011060936 A JP 2011060936A JP 2011195440 A JP2011195440 A JP 2011195440A
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- glass ceramic
- glass
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- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical group [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006025 fining agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002468 ceramisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNFDWBSCUUZWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[Sn] Chemical compound [Zr].[Sn] XNFDWBSCUUZWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003279 ceramming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009774 resonance method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】ガラスセラミックは、酸化物基準のモル%で、少なくとも、5〜50%のSiO2と、0〜20%のAl2O3と、0〜25%のB2O3と、0〜25%のBaOと、10〜60%のTiO2と、5〜35%のRE2O3とを構成成分として有する。ここで、Baは部分的にSr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタニドまたはイットリウムであり、Tiは部分的にZr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できる。
【選択図】図1
Description
加えて、多種の焼結セラミック材料(米国特許第6,184,845号明細書、米国特許出願公開第2007/063902号明細書を参照)がある。これらの参考文献では、誘電体帯電したD−LQHアンテナのセラミックコアの誘電材料として、比誘電率が約36のチタン酸ジルコニウムまたはチタン酸ジルコニウムスズを主成分とする焼結セラミック材料が開示されている。この材料は、押出し成型またはプレス成型して、その後焼結することにより製造されるといわれている。
加えて、焼結材料の製造は、基本的に比較的複雑で高価である。
SiO2 5〜50
Al2O3 0〜20
B2O3 0〜25
BaO 0〜25
TiO2 10〜60
RE2O3 5〜35
上記組成において、Baは一部、好ましくは10%を上限に、Sr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタン、別のランタニド、またはイットリウムであり、Tiは一部、好ましくは10%を上限に、Zr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できる。
セラミック化処理によって比誘電率が高く、誘電損が低く、かつ共振周波数の温度依存性が低い均質なガラスセラミックに後に転化できる均質なガラスは、このようなガラス組成を使って溶融できることが発見されている。材料は、単純で安価な方法でガラスセラミックとして製造でき、溶融技術プロセス、特に鋳込みまたは任意でプレスにより近似成形を可能にする。
本発明の有利な実施形態において、ガラスセラミックは以下の構成成分を有する(酸化物基準のモル%で)。
SiO2 10〜40
Al2O3 0〜10
B2O3 5〜25
BaO 0〜20
TiO2 15〜50
RE2O3 10〜30
上記組成において、Baは一部、好ましくは10%を上限に、Sr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタニドまたはイットリウムであり、Tiは一部、好ましくは10%を上限に、Zr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できる。
本発明のガラスセラミックは、好ましくは、高周波アプリケーション(f>200MHz)で、誘電損(tanδ)が10−2以下、好ましくは10−3以下である。
本発明のガラスセラミックは、好ましくは、共振周波数の温度依存性tfが200ppm/K以下、好ましくは50ppm/K以下、特に好ましくは10ppm/K以下でもある。
平均微結晶サイズは、好ましくは10nmないし50μmであり、好ましくは100nmないし1μmの範囲である。
本発明のガラスセラミックは、高周波領域(f>200MHz)における誘電体共振器、電子周波数フィルタ素子、またはアンテナ素子用の誘電体として特に適する。
高周波領域で、誘電損が10−2以下の本発明による誘電体は、以下のステップによって製造できる。
‐以下の構成成分(酸化物基準のモル%で)を含有する出発ガラスを溶融および均質化するステップ。
SiO2 5〜50
Al2O3 0〜20
B2O3 0〜25
BaO 0〜25
TiO2 10〜60
RE2O3 5〜35
上記組成において、Baは一部を、好ましくは10%を上限に、Sr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタニドまたはイットリウムであり、Tiは一部を、好ましくは10%を上限に、Zr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できる。
‐出発ガラスを所望の成形型に注入するステップ。
‐出発ガラスを室温に冷却するステップ。
‐出発ガラスを熱処理によってセラミック化するステップ。
SiO2 10〜40
Al2O3 0〜10
B2O3 5〜25
BaO 0〜20
TiO2 15〜50
RE2O3 10〜30
上記組成において、Baは一部を、好ましくは10%を上限に、Sr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタニドまたはイットリウムであり、Tiは一部を、好ましくは10%を上限に、Zr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できる。
本発明の別の特徴および利点は、図面を参照して以下の好適な実施例の説明から明らかにすることができる。
実施例1ないし実施例9のさまざまなガラスサンプルを、まず、従来の出発材料を使用した通常の方法で溶融および均質化する。ここで、白金るつぼ、Pt/Irるつぼ、Pt/Rhるつぼ、溶解石英るつぼ、または酸化アルミニウムるつぼを使用できる。サンプルは、まず、1350℃で2時間溶融してから、1400℃で30分間精製(純化)し、白金スターラーで20分間攪拌して均質化し、10分間静置してから、例えばスチール、グラファイト、酸化アルミニウム、または溶解石英製の適切な成形型に注入し、近似成形する。
赤外線加熱炉による典型的なセラミック化サイクルは以下のとおりである。
‐300K/分で1050℃まで加熱する。
‐1050℃で7秒間保持する。
‐50K/分の加熱速度で1200℃まで加熱する。
‐1200℃で15分間保持する。
‐加熱炉の電源を切って、約50K/分の冷却速度で約500℃まで冷却する。
‐約500℃の温度に達したら、加熱炉から試料を取り出す。
必要なら、鋳込み後に、成型物に精密研削もしくは研磨処理を施すことができ、または円筒形の成型物の製造の場合は、円筒形の表面の芯なし研削により機械加工できる。
図1に、セラミック化後のサンプル9のX線回折解析を示す。顕著な結晶相は、La2Ti2SiO9である。加えて、小比率のルチルTiO2が見つかった。
サンプル1ないしサンプル9の比誘電率εを測定した。これらはすべて15より大きく、20ないし50の範囲内であった。
これらのサンプルは、低い誘電損と高い品質も示している。
品質Q値は、誘電損(tanδ)の逆数である。
Q=1/tan(δ)
品質は、ハッキ・コールマン共振法により測定する。ここでは、品質係数は、品質Q値と測定周波数f0との積として求める。
共振周波数の温度係数tfは、測定したすべてのサンプルで非常に低く、−40ppm/K<tf<40ppm/Kの範囲である。
Claims (23)
- 酸化物基準のモル%で、少なくとも以下の構成成分を含み、
SiO2 5〜50
Al2O3 0〜20
B2O3 0〜25
BaO 0〜25
TiO2 10〜60
RE2O3 5〜35
ここで、Baは部分的にSr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタン、別のランタニドまたはイットリウムであり、Tiは部分的にZr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できることを特徴とする、ガラスセラミック。 - 酸化物基準のモル%で、少なくとも以下の構成成分を含み、
SiO2 10〜40
Al2O3 0〜10
B2O3 5〜25
BaO 0〜20
TiO2 15〜50
RE2O3 10〜30
ここで、Baは部分的にSr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタン、別のランタニド、またはイットリウムであり、Tiは部分的にZr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のガラスセラミック。 - Baは10%を上限にSrで置換でき、Tiは10%を上限にZr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 0.01モル%ないし3モル%の少なくとも1種の清澄剤を含有する、請求項1、2、または3に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 前記清澄剤は、Sb2O3およびAs2O3からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 周波数f>200MHzの高周波領域で、10−2以下の誘電損(tanδ)を有することを特徴とする、請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 周波数f>200MHzの高周波領域で、10−3以下の誘電損(tanδ)を有することを特徴とする、請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 少なくとも15の比誘電率εを有することを特徴とする、請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 20ないし80の範囲内の比誘電率εを有することを特徴とする、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 共振周波数の温度依存性の絶対値|τf|が、200ppm/K以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 前記共振周波数の温度依存性の絶対値|τf|が、50ppm/K以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし10のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 前記共振周波数の温度依存性の絶対値|τf|が、10ppm/K以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし11のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- RE、Ti、Si、O、および任意でBaを主成分とする少なくとも1種の混晶相を含有し、ここで、Baは少なくとも部分的にSr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタニドまたはイットリウムであり、Tiは少なくとも部分的にZr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- BaRETiO、RE2Ti2O7、RE2Ti2SiO9、およびRE4Ti9O24からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の混晶相を含み、ここで、REはランタン、別のランタニドまたはイットリウムであり、Baの10%までをSr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、Tiの10%までをZr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし13のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 結晶材料の比率が少なくとも30体積%であることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし14のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 結晶材料の比率が95体積%までであることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし15のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 10nmないし50μmの平均微結晶サイズを有することを特徴とする、請求項1ないし16のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 100nmないし1μm平均微結晶サイズを有することを特徴とする、請求項1ないし17のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミック。
- 請求項1ないし18のいずれか1項に記載のガラスセラミックの使用であって、高周波領域用の誘電体共振器、電子周波数フィルタ素子、またはアンテナ素子用の誘電体としての使用。
- 円筒アンテナ素子またはパッチアンテナ素子用の誘電体としての、請求項19に記載の使用。
- 高周波領域で、誘電損が10−2以下の誘電体を製造する方法であって、当該方法は、
酸化物基準のモル%で、以下の構成成分を含む出発ガラスを溶融および均質化するステップと、
SiO2 5〜50
Al2O3 0〜20
B2O3 0〜25
BaO 0〜25
TiO2 10〜60
RE2O3 5〜35
ここで、Baは部分的にSr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタン、別のランタニド、またはイットリウムであり、Tiは部分的にZr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換でき、
前記出発ガラスを所望の成形型に注入するステップと、
前記出発ガラスを室温に冷却するステップと、
前記出発ガラスを熱処理によってセラミック化するステップとを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 前記出発ガラスは、酸化物基準のモル%で、少なくとも以下の構成成分を有し、
SiO2 10〜40
Al2O3 0〜10
B2O3 5〜25
BaO 0〜20
TiO2 15〜50
RE2O3 10〜30
ここで、Baは部分的にSr、Ca、Mgで置換でき、REはランタン、別のランタニド、またはイットリウムであり、Tiは部分的にZr、Hf、Y、Nb、V、Taで置換できることを特徴とする、請求項21に記載の方法。 - 前記出発ガラスを、溶融技術プロセスによって近似成形することを特徴とする、請求項21または22に記載の方法。
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JPH0873239A (ja) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-19 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | ガラスセラミックス誘電体材料 |
JP2006500312A (ja) * | 2002-09-27 | 2006-01-05 | ショット アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | 結晶性ガラス、及び表面研磨が容易で極めて剛性かつ耐破損性なガラスセラミック製造における同ガラスの使用 |
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