JP2011083247A - Agricultural implement - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an agricultural implement mounted on a tractor to carry out farm work by unloading the contents in vessels by motors and capable of confirming output states of the motors during unloading. <P>SOLUTION: The agricultural implement mounted on a tractor and carrying out the farm work by unloading the contents of hoppers 21 and 31 by rotation of motors 22 and 32 is provided. The implement includes a control unit 70 for controlling outputs of the motors 22 and 32, and a display unit 60 for displaying the output states for the motors 22 and 32. In addition, the control unit 70 controls the motors 22 and 32 by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) and the display unit 60 expresses stepwise the output of duty ratio by PWM. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an agricultural machine, and more particularly, to an agricultural machine that is attached to a tractor and discharges the contents in a container with a motor to perform the agricultural work.

  For example, in a fertilizer applicator or a seeder, there is a configuration that discharges fertilizer and seeds by rotating a motor or the like, but in this case, the motor suddenly stops when an overcurrent occurs. This is because the rotation sensor works, is stopped by detecting current, or is stopped by locking the motor alone.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 describes a spraying device including a notification unit that detects a load of a rotating body and operates based on the detection.

JP 2007-252236 A

  However, in the above conventional example, it is impossible to know how much power is available for the rotation of the motor. If this can be known, the worker can increase the work speed based on the information and increase the work efficiency.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural machine that can be attached to a tractor, discharge the contents in the container with a motor, perform farm work, and check the output state of the motor at the time of discharge. And

  In order to achieve the above object, the agricultural machine of the present invention is an agricultural machine that is attached to a tractor and discharges the contents in the container by rotating the motor to perform the agricultural work, and controls the output of the motor. And a display unit for displaying the output state of the motor in a stepwise manner.

Furthermore, in the agricultural machine according to the present invention, the control unit controls the motor by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), and the display unit displays the output of the duty ratio by PWM stepwise.
Furthermore, the agricultural machine of the present invention has a rotation sensor for detecting rotation by the motor, and the control unit calculates the rotation speed by the motor from the preset discharge amount of the contents and the input tractor speed, The duty ratio is calculated and output so that the rotation speed calculated by the motor is the rotation speed calculated from the information of the rotation sensor.
Furthermore, the agricultural machine of the present invention is characterized in that the content is fertilizer or seed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the output state of a motor can be confirmed in the agricultural machine which mounts | wears with a tractor and discharges the contents in a container with a motor, and performs agricultural work.

It is a side view which shows one Embodiment of the agricultural working machine of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the hopper part which the agricultural working machine of this invention has. It is an enlarged view of the motor power part which the agricultural working machine of this invention has. It is a block diagram of the control system which the agricultural working machine of this invention has. It is an enlarged view of the display part which the agricultural working machine of this invention has.

  A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of an agricultural machine according to the present invention. The agricultural machine 1 in FIG. 1 is a fertilizer seeder. A mounting unit 11 is mounted on a rear portion of a tractor (not shown), and a rotary 10 that performs tilling by rotating the tilling unit 13 by the PTO power of the tractor input from the input shaft 12 is provided. A fertilizer hopper 21 is installed in the upper part of the rotary 10 and has fertilizer inside as contents, and as the fertilizer motor 22 rotates, the fertilizer is discharged from the fertilizer discharge section 24 through the fertilizer hose 23. The Further, a seed hopper 31 is installed at the rear part of the fertilizer hopper 21 and has seeds as contents, and the seeds are discharged through the seed hoses 33a and 33b as the seed motor 32 rotates. It is discharged from the part 34.

  Since the fertilizer discharge part 24 is installed in the front side of the rotary 10, the discharged fertilizer is stirred in the soil with rotation of the tillage part 13. On the other hand, the seed discharge part 34 is installed behind the tillage part 13 and at the rear part of the disk 15, so that the plowed soil is grooved with the disk 15 so that the seed is discharged into the groove. It has become. Further, a pressure reducing wheel 16 is provided at the rear part of the seed discharge part 34, so that the ground can be suppressed and the seed can be embedded in the soil.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a hopper portion included in the agricultural machine according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a motor power unit included in the agricultural machine according to the present invention. By these, the discharge mechanism which the agricultural working machine of this invention has is demonstrated taking the seed hopper 31 side as an example.

  At the lower part of the seed hopper 31, steering rollers 35 and 36 having recesses 35 a and 36 a are rotated in cylinders 39 and 40 whose upper and lower parts are open. When the recesses 35a and 36a are on the upper side, the seeds that are the contents enter the recesses 35a and 36a, and when the operation rollers 35 and 36 rotate, the seeds in the recesses are moved downward along the cylinders 39 and 40. The seeds are discharged from the seed hose 33a, 33b. Since the amount of seeds entering the recess is determined, the amount of discharge per unit time increases as the operation rollers 35 and 36 rotate faster. In addition, another operation roller may be installed in the longitudinal direction of the shafts 37 and 38, and a plurality of discharge mechanisms may be provided in the lateral direction with respect to the traveling direction of the tractor.

  The power of the seed motor 32 is transmitted by the rotating shaft 41, the chain 42, the shafts 37 and 38, the gears 43 and 44, etc., and rotates the operation rollers 35 and 36. At this time, if the number of rotations of the seed motor 32 is increased, the number of rotations of the operation rollers 35 and 36 is increased accordingly, and the discharge amount is increased.

  These mechanisms are the same for the discharge of fertilizer by the fertilizer motor 22 on the fertilizer hopper 21 side. Further, as shown in the figure, the number of feeding rollers may be one instead of two.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a control system included in the agricultural machine according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a display unit included in the agricultural machine according to the present invention. The control system includes an operation display unit 50, a control unit 70, a rotation sensor 80, and a motor 32 (22). The operation signal of the operation display unit 50 is sent to the control unit 70, and the control unit 70 controls the motor 32 (22) in consideration of the information of the rotation sensor 80. The operation display unit 50 displays information on the output state for the motor 32 (22). In FIG. 5, there are “left” and “right” indications, which indicate that there are separate discharge mechanisms on the right and left sides in the lateral direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the tractor.

  In the operation display unit 50, the operation switches (51 to 56) and the display unit 60 are integrally formed. Although it can be configured separately, it becomes a compact configuration by integrating them. The operation display unit 50 is disposed at a place where the operator can easily work, such as in the vicinity of the driver's seat of the tractor. Further, the display unit 60 can be displayed by a liquid crystal display, an organic EL, or the like.

  For example, the control unit 70 may be configured by storing necessary devices or the like in a box, or may be configured integrally with the operation display unit 50. The installation place can be installed in a suitable place such as the tractor or the agricultural machine 1.

  The rotation sensor 80 detects rotation from the motor 32 (22), and the rotation sensor 80 is provided for each motor. In the example of FIG. 4, the magnetic sensing unit 80 a can detect a change in magnetism due to rotation from the four magnets 81 attached to the rotation shaft 41 and calculate the number of rotations of the rotation shaft 41. Note that the rotation detection position of the rotation sensor that detects the rotation from the motor can be a position other than this (for example, rotation of the operation rollers 35 and 36). In addition, the rotation sensor may be a sensor by detecting light.

  When the power switch 51 is turned on, the operation display unit 50 is turned on. A power confirmation lamp 66 can confirm whether the power is on.

  The speed switch 52 is a switch for inputting the working speed of the tractor, and this information is displayed on the input speed display 63 of the display unit 60. The operator inputs the speed of the tractor to be operated by the speed switch 52. In addition, when the current speed information is directly input from the tractor side, only the input speed display 63 is displayed and this switch may not be used.

  The fertilizer switch 53 is a switch that sets in advance the discharge amount per unit area of the fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer hopper 21. The set information is displayed on the fertilizer set amount display 61 of the display unit 60. In the example of FIG. 5, the unit is Kg / 10a.

  The seed switch 54 is a switch in which the discharge amount per unit area of seed discharged from the seed hopper 31 is set in advance. The set information is displayed on the seed set amount display 62 of the display unit 60. In the example of FIG. 5, the unit is Kg / 10a.

  For example, the fertilizer remaining amount warning lamp 67 is provided with a sensor in the fertilizer hopper 21 so that it is turned off, turned on, or blinked when the amount decreases.

  The fertilizer motor rotation confirmation lamp 68 and the seed motor rotation confirmation lamp 69 are turned off, lit, flashing, etc. when the rotation sensor 80 that detects the rotation from the fertilizer motor 22 or the seed motor 32 does not detect the rotation. To inform them. Thereby, the operator can know whether or not the motor is actually rotating.

  The fertilizer motor switch 55 and the seed motor switch 56 are individual motor switches. Thereby, the motor of the location which does not want to discharge the contents can be turned off. The motor switch confirmation lamps 57 and 58 can confirm whether the switch is on or off.

  The control unit 70 calculates the number of rotations of the motor from the set fertilizer set amount and seed set amount and the input work speed. Then, the current rotation speed of the motor is calculated from the information of the rotation sensor 80, and the necessary duty ratio by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is calculated from the difference between the current rotation speed of the motor and the calculated rotation speed of the motor. And output to the motor 32 (22). The motor 32 (22) rotates by control based on this duty ratio. The higher the duty ratio, the more the motor output increases and the rotational speed increases.

  The duty ratio to the fertilizer motor 22 output from the control unit 70 at this time is displayed on the fertilizer motor duty ratio display 64, and the duty ratio to the seed motor 32 is displayed on the seed motor duty ratio display 65. The display is performed in stages, and in the example of FIG. 5, numbers 0 to 9 are used. For example, when the duty ratio is 0%, it is “0”, 1% to 11% is “1”, 12% to 23% is “2”, 24% to 35% is “3”, 36% to 47% is “4”. 48% -59% is “5”, 60% -71% is “6”, 72% -83% is “7”, 84% -95% is “8”, 96% -100% is “9” ", And so on. Thus, by displaying in stages and providing a dead zone in the duty ratio that changes by the control, it is possible to prevent the display from changing frequently, and the operator can easily see the display. Further, if the display change interval is set to a constant interval (for example, every 0.5 seconds), the display is less changed than when the display is performed in real time, and the operator can more easily see this display.

  The stepwise display of these duty ratios can be realized not only by numbers but also by a graph display or a display in which a plurality of issuing diodes (LEDs) are lit up.

  Thus, by displaying the duty ratio in stages, the operator can know how much room the motor has. In the above case, since the maximum value is “9”, for example, if the display is “6”, there is a margin of 3 more. For this reason, the worker can perform work by increasing the speed of the tractor with a margin. In this case, if the input work speed of the tractor is increased, it is necessary to increase the discharge amount per unit time if the discharge amount per unit area is constant. For this reason, the control unit 70 increases the duty ratio and increases the rotation of the motor 32 (22). By doing in this way, it becomes possible to work more efficiently. Furthermore, if a buzzer is installed in the operation display unit 50 and a warning is given when the duty ratio is close to 100%, the operator can know that the output of the motor is the upper limit.

  Conversely, when the duty ratio is displayed as “8” or “9”, the operator knows that there is no margin in the output of the motor 32 (22). At this time, when the worker wants to perform a steady work with a margin in the output of the motor 32 (22), the work speed of the tractor is slightly reduced. Accordingly, when the work speed of the input tractor decreases, the rotation speed of the motor 32 (22) decreases, and for example, the work may be performed in an output state with a margin of about “6” or “7”. It becomes possible.

  In the above embodiment, the motor control is performed based on the PWM duty ratio. However, in addition to this, control based on a difference in current value is also possible. In this case, the control unit 70 controls the current value output to the motor, and the motor 32 (22) changes its output according to the current value. Then, instead of the duty ratio displays 64 and 65, current values are displayed in stages. The display at this time is set in a range up to a value near the overcurrent value. Further, when the overcurrent is approached, a warning can be given with a buzzer or the like to notify that the motor output is at the upper limit.

  In the above embodiment, a fertilizer seeding machine has been described as a farm work machine to be attached to a tractor. Is possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rotary 13 Cultivation part 21 Fertilizer hopper 22 Fertilizer motor 24 Fertilizer discharge part 31 Seed hopper 32 Seed motor 34 Seed discharge part 35, 36 Feed roller 50 Operation display part 70 Control part 80 Rotation sensor 52 Speed switch 53 Fertilizer switch 54 Seed switch 60 Display Unit 61 Fertilizer Set Amount Display 62 Seed Set Amount Display 63 Input Speed Display 64 Fertilizer Motor Duty Ratio Display 65 Seed Motor Duty Ratio Display

Claims (4)

A farm work machine that is attached to a tractor and discharges the contents in the container by rotating a motor to perform farm work,
An agricultural machine having a control unit for controlling the output of the motor and a display unit for displaying the output state of the motor stepwise. The agricultural machine according to claim 1,
The agricultural machine according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the motor by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), and the display unit displays a duty ratio output by the PWM stepwise. In the agricultural machine according to claim 2,
A rotation sensor for detecting rotation by the motor; and the controller calculates a rotation speed by the motor from a preset discharge amount of the contents and the input tractor speed, and from the information of the rotation sensor by the motor A farm working machine characterized in that the duty ratio is calculated and outputted so that the rotation becomes the calculated rotation speed. The agricultural machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The agricultural machine according to claim 1, wherein the content is fertilizer or seed.

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