JP2002034312A - Fertilizer-applying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fertilizer-applying machine which can maintain a set fertilizer-applying rate and facilitate a good fertilizer-applying work. SOLUTION: This fertilizer-applying machine characterized by comprising a weight sensor (80) for detecting a fertilizer-delivering rate on the basis of the changes in the weight of an inner hopper (75) vertically movably disposed in a fertilizer hopper (37) and a fertilizer-applying rate control mechanism (71) for controlling the fertilizer-delivering rate of the inner hopper (75), and controlling the operation of the fertilizer-applying rate control mechanism (71) on the basis of the detection of the weight sensor (80).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rice transplanter having a seedling mounting table and planting claws for continuously performing seedling planting operations, and to a fertilizer applying fertilizer simultaneously to the side of a planting strip.

[0002]

Conventionally, in a fertilizer that simultaneously performs fertilizer application during planting work, a substantially constant amount of fertilizer is always fed out regardless of field conditions, so that only a small amount of fertilizer is required. Unnecessary fertilization is also performed in places where it is not necessary, and there are inconveniences such as worsening paddy surface conditions and increasing fertilizer loss and making it uneconomical, and when a large amount of fertilization is required, only a small amount of fertilization is performed There were inconveniences such as making the crops grow poorly.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a weight sensor for detecting a fertilizer feeding amount based on a change in weight of an interior hopper provided inside a fertilizer hopper so as to be vertically movable, and a fertilizer feeding amount for the interior hopper. And a fertilizing amount adjusting mechanism for adjusting the fertilizer amount, and configured to drive and control the fertilizing amount adjusting mechanism based on the detection of the weight sensor. Detecting and controlling the adjustment mechanism in real time, always maintain the appropriate amount of fertilizer required in the field during fertilization work, and grow crops such as rice well under substantially uniform field environment conditions, and improve crop productivity. It is to improve.

In addition, a guide member is provided for supporting the interior hopper on the fertilizer hopper so as to be vertically movable, and a weight sensor is provided between the fertilizer and the interior hopper to prevent the inclination of the interior hopper by the guide member. An operation is performed to improve the detection accuracy of the weight sensor, and the weight sensor is easily incorporated in the fertilizer hopper to reduce the size of the structure.

Further, a fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism is disposed between the feeding portions of the left and right hoppers within the front and rear widths of the hopper at a position below the fertilizer hopper, so that the fertilizer is made compact so that it can be easily mounted on a rice transplanting machine. At the same time, the performance is stably maintained without interfering with the adjusting mechanism even when the planting portion at the rear of the rice transplanting machine rises and falls.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a riding rice transplanter, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same. In the drawing, (1) is a traveling vehicle which is a traveling body on which an operator rides, and an engine (2) is mounted in front of a body frame (3). The front axle case (5) supports a paddy traveling front wheel (6) via a front axle case (5) in front of the transmission case (4), and a rear axle case (7) is connected to the rear of the transmission case (4). The rear axle case (7) supports a paddy field traveling rear wheel (8) as a wheel. A spare seedling mount (10) is attached to both sides of the hood (9) covering the engine (2) and the like, and the step (12) is a body cover on which an operator rides via a footrest (11). A driver's seat (13) is mounted above the step (12), covering the transmission case (4) and the like, and a steering handle (14) is provided in front of the driver's seat (13) and at the rear of the hood (9).

[0007] In the figure, reference numeral (15) denotes a planting portion provided with a seedling mounting table (16) for planting six rows and a plurality of planting claws (17). Forward tilting seedling platform (1
6) is supported on a planting case (20) via a lower rail (18) and a guide rail (19) so as to be reciprocally slidable right and left, and a rotary case (21) is rotated at a constant speed in one direction. A pair of claw cases (22) and (22) are supported at the case (20) and symmetrically positioned around the rotation axis of the case (21), and the claw case (22) is provided.
(22) Attach the planting claws (17) and (17) to the tip. A support frame (24) is provided on the front side of the planting case (20) via a rolling fulcrum shaft (23), and travels via a link mechanism (27) including a top link (25) and a lower link (26). A support frame (24) is connected to the rear side of the vehicle (1), and a lifting cylinder (28) for raising and lowering the planting section (15) is connected to the lower link (26) via the link mechanism (27). Front and rear wheels (6)
(8) is driven to move and at the same time, a seedling for one plant is planted from the seedling mounting table (16) which is reciprocally slid left and right.
7), the seedlings are continuously planted.

In the figure, (29) is a main shift lever, (3)
0) is a planting elevating lever, (31) is a planting sensitivity setting device,
(32) is a main clutch pedal, (33) and (33) are left and right brake pedals, (34) is a center float for two-row equalization, (35) is a side float for two-row equalization, and (3)
6) is a fertilizer applicator which is a fertilizer device for 6 rows.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a fertilizer hopper (37) for adding fertilizer, a fertilizer feeding case (38) as a fertilizer feeding section for supplying fertilizer, and a float (34).
(35) A turbo blower-type blower (41) for discharging fertilizer through a flexible transfer hose (40) to a side striation groove device (39), and a cylindrical air tank (42) are connected to the fertilizer ( 36), a blower (41) is attached to the right end of the air tank (42), and six sets of six fertilizer feeding cases (38)... Are disposed above the air tank (42).

A left and right base frame (4) is provided on both sides of a horizontal frame (44) extending between upper ends of left and right supports (43) at the rear end of the body frame (3) via a base mounting plate or the like.
5), a side stay (46) is connected between the rear end of the base frame (45), which is substantially horizontal in the front-rear direction, and the body frame (3), and the left and right base frames (45) are connected.
A fertilizer applicator (36) is supported by a fertilizer application frame (47) that is erected on (45).

As shown in FIG. 6, the feeding case (38)
A lower outlet (51) of the hopper (37) is fitted into an inlet (50) on the front side of the upper surface of the upper case, and an outlet tube (52) is formed at the lower front side of the feed case (38). 52) is closed by an opening / closing plug (53).

A bottom cover (5) inclined forward (the upper end is inclined forward and the lower end is inclined backward) is provided on the lower surface of the feeding case (38).
4) is detachably fixed, and a joint portion (55) is formed under the funnel-shaped bottom cover (54) made of hard synthetic resin.
And a joint pipe (5) for connecting the bottom cover (54) and the joint part (55) through an outlet (56) having a small mouth area to fit the front end to the air tank (42).
7) The front end of the joint (55) is connected and connected to the rear end, and the transfer hose (4) is connected to the rear end of the joint (55).
0), air from the blower (41) is blown out from the air tank (42) to the joint (55) and the hose (40), and the joint (55) is discharged from the outlet (56) of the bottom cover (54). ) Use fertilizer (4
It is configured so that the air is conveyed to the position of the groove making device (39) via 0).

Further, an inlet plate (59) having an inlet (58), a feed plate (61) having a plurality of outlets (60)... On the same circumference, and an outlet plate having a discharge port (62). (63), and each plate (59) (6) made of a substantially circular flat plate.
1) The (63) is disposed between the feeding case (38) and the bottom lid (54) in a forwardly inclined and multilayered manner, and the feeding case (3) is provided.
8) The feeding shaft (64) is rotatably supported on the rear side in a forwardly inclined posture, and the lower end of the feeding shaft (64) is made to pass through the center of each of the plates (59), (61) and (63), and the entrance is formed. The plate (59) and the outlet plate (63) are locked to the feeding case (38), and each plate (5
9) The feeding shaft (64) idles with respect to (63), and the feeding plate (61) is supported by the feeding shaft (64).
The feeding plate (61) is forcibly rotated by the feeding shaft (64), and the fertilizer that has entered the feeding port (60) from the intake port (58) is moved to the discharge port (62) and drops toward the outlet port (56). It is configured to be.

A fertilizer outlet (65) is opened on the lower surface on the inlet side of the take-out cylinder (52), and an opening / closing plug (53) is slidably inserted into the take-out cylinder (52). The opening and closing operation body (66) on the side is protruded outward from the take-out cylinder (52), and when the operation body (66) is pushed in, the plug (5) is opened.
The outlet (65) is closed by the outer peripheral surface of (3), and the outlet (65) is closed when the operating body (66) is pulled out forward.
Is opened to discharge the fertilizer in the feeding case (38) to the outside.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, each of the feeding shafts (6
4) A pair of bevel gears (67) and a left-right extending drive shaft (6) through a stopper and a unit clutch (68).
9) and a feeding motor (71) of a variable speed motor type constituting a fertilizing amount adjusting mechanism is connected to the feeding drive shaft (69) via a pair of bevel gears (70). With the acceleration / deceleration control of (71), the rotation of each feeding shaft (64) is increased / decreased to adjust the amount of fertilizer fed from the feeding case (38).

The drive motor (71) is connected to the fertilizer hopper (3).
In the front and rear width (H) of the hopper (37) at the lower position of 7), between the left and right adjacent feeding cases (38) (in this embodiment, between the second and third cases (38) from the left side). It is arranged compactly so that even if the rear planting portion (15) moves up and down, the planting portion (15) is kept well without interfering with the motor (71) and the performance is stably maintained. are doing. The drive motor (7) is connected to the delivery drive shaft (69) via a link mechanism having a crank and a one-way clutch.
1) may be configured to interlock and rotate each of the feed shafts (64) intermittently.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a hopper lid (73) is attached to the upper part of the fertilizer hopper (37) via an opening / closing fulcrum shaft (72) so as to be openable and closable.
7) The interior hoppers (75) are arranged in each of the storage chambers (74) so as to be movable up and down.
It is configured to store fertilizer inside.

Each of the interior hoppers (75) has a plane rectangular shape and is formed similarly to the shape of each of the strip storage chambers (74) of the exterior hopper (37). In addition to forming a fertilizer discharge port (76), a guide ridge (77) as a guide member is integrally formed at four positions at the front and rear and right and left upper ends of the lower inclined bottom surface (75b).
A guide receiver (7), which is a guide member having a guide hole (78) into which the guide ridge (77) is fitted.
9) is provided at the upper end position of the inclined bottom surface (37a) below each strip storage chamber (74) of the fertilizer hopper (37), and the interior hopper (75) is fitted to the external fertilizer hopper (37), and the guide is provided. When fitting the receiving body (79) and the ridge (77),
The interior hopper (75) is configured to move up and down in a vertical posture without tilting.

A plurality of weight sensors (80) formed by strain gauges or the like are interposed between the upper edge of the fertilizer hopper (37) and the projecting edge (75a) of the interior hopper (75).
Four weight sensors (80) are compactly arranged at four places in the center of the frame between the upper edge of the rectangular frame-shaped hopper (37) and the protruding edge (75a) of the hopper (75). ) Is detected by these four weight sensors (80).

Then, as shown in FIG. 9, a dial (81a) for setting a standard fertilization amount b (kg / 10a) per unit.
A fertilizer setting device (81) and a vehicle speed sensor (82) for detecting a running output from the transmission case (4).
And a planting switch (83) that is turned on in conjunction with the operation of turning on the planting clutch, and a fertilizing amount display () that displays the fertilizing amount set by the setting device (81) on a digital display surface (84a). 84), an alarm lamp (85) and a buzzer (86) for notifying a certain amount or less of fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper (37) and an abnormal operation, and the weight sensor (80) and the fertilizer amount setting device ( 81), a vehicle speed sensor (82) and a planting switch (83) are connected to a fertilizer controller (87), and a circuit (88) for increasing or decreasing the drive motor (71).
(89), a fertilizer application amount display (84), an alarm lamp and buzzers (85), (86) to drive the fertilizer application motor (71) based on the detection of the weight sensor (80). It is configured as follows.

This embodiment is constructed as described above, and as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 10, the drive motor (71) is driven in conjunction with the engagement of the planting clutch to start the fertilizing operation simultaneously with planting. The setting device (87)
When the fertilizer application rate is set at, the set fertilizer application rate b (kg /
10a) is displayed on the display (84), and then the detection value of the weight sensor (80) is input at regular intervals (Δt), and 6
All the data for the section are added and the interior hopper for 6 sections (7
5) The total weight is calculated, and the total weight difference (ΔW) per fixed time (Δt) time is changed (fertilization amount) Q (g / s) (Q
= △ W / △ t).

At this time, assuming that the average running speed v (m / s) and the working width L (m) (determined from the number of strips) during the time Δt, the fertilization amount a (kg / 10
a) is calculated by a = Q / v × L, and the control for matching the fertilization amount a to the set fertilization amount b (b ≒ a) is performed by the motor (7).
1), the set fertilizer application amount (b) is kept constant.

In this case, the fertilizer hopper (37)
Compared to the method that detects the amount of fertilizer from the amount of change such as the pile height of fertilizer in the house, the fertilizer weight is directly detected. Can be improved.

Further, in this case, the drive motor (71) controls the rotation speed up and down by a pulse (duty change) drive, and a breaker is built in the motor (71) so that the power supply to the power supply is cut off when overloaded. It is configured to automatically return after a certain period of time.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show a feeder case (38) provided with a throttle mechanism (91) for reducing and expanding the area of a central fertilizer flow hole (90), and a throttle control mechanism (92). ) To drive the aperture mechanism (91) to open the flow hole (90).
The fertilizer application amount is adjusted by changing the area of the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is applied from the weight sensor (80) or a flow sensor such as the transport hose (40) that detects the flow rate of the fertilizer in the fertilizer transport pipeline. The amount is calculated and the aperture control mechanism (9
It is configured to perform the drive control of 2).

The above-mentioned fertilizer hopper (37) is provided with a rotation fulcrum shaft (93) outside the feeding case (38) below the take-out cylinder (52), and the fertilizer hopper is centered on the fulcrum shaft (93). (37) ・ Extending case (38) ・ Air tank (4
2) The fertilizer applicator (36) is swingably supported by the body, the flow hole (90) is closed, and when the fertilizer is discharged from the outlet (65), the hopper (37) is centered on the fulcrum shaft (93). Is tilted forward so that the outlet (65) is directed downward, so that the fertilizer is smoothed and discharged efficiently.

13 and 14 show a structure in which a groove type feeding roll (94) is provided inside a feeding case (38), and a roll body having a plurality of feeding grooves (95) on the outer periphery at equal intervals. (96) and the claw (9) fitted into the feeding groove (95).
7) a roll movable body (98) having one end side, a screw shaft (99) screw-coupled to the movable body (98), and a feed amount adjusting motor (100) for rotating the screw shaft (99).
And a feeding drive mechanism (101) for rotating the roll body (96). The roll body (96) is disposed within the entire width of the feeding case (38), and the roll body (96) is driven by the drive mechanism (101). The fertilizer is fed out by rotating the screw shaft and the screw shaft (9) is adjusted by the adjusting motor (100).
9) is rotated to move the movable body (98) and change the fitting length between the feeding groove (95) and the claw portion (97) to reduce or enlarge the width of the left and right grooves of the feeding groove (95). Thus, the fertilizer feeding amount is configured to be reduced or increased. Thus, also in this embodiment, the weight sensor (80)
When the actual amount of fertilization detected in step (1) is smaller or larger than the set value, the control motor (100) is driven forward and reverse to change the action groove width of the feed groove (95) to increase or decrease the amount of fertilization to set the fertilization amount. To keep. In this case, a manual and automatic changeover switch may be provided to manually adjust the fertilization amount.

[0028]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention is a weight detecting method for detecting the amount of fertilizer dispensed based on the detection of a weight change of an interior hopper (75) which is vertically movable inside the fertilizer hopper (37). Sensor (80) and interior hopper (75)
And a fertilizer application control mechanism (71) for adjusting the amount of fertilizer to be fed out. The fertilizer application control mechanism (71) is driven and controlled based on the detection of the weight sensor (80). The sensor (80) easily detects the fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer applicator (36) and adjusts in real time the adjusting mechanism (71).
Can maintain the proper amount of fertilization required in the field during fertilization work, and grow crops such as rice satisfactorily under substantially uniform field environment conditions, thereby improving crop productivity. It is.

Further, guide members (77) (7) for supporting the interior hopper (75) on the fertilizer hopper (37) so as to be vertically movable.
9) and fertilizer and interior hopper (37) (7)
5) Since the weight sensor (80) is interposed between the weight sensors (80), the guide members (77) and (79) allow the vertical movement of the interior hopper (75) to be prevented while preventing the inclination of the interior hopper (75). And the weight sensor (80) can be easily incorporated into the fertilizer hopper (37) to reduce the size of the structure.

Further, the fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism (71) is disposed between the feeding portions (38) of the left and right hoppers (37) within the front-rear width (H) of the hopper (37) below the fertilizer hopper (37). Therefore, the fertilizer applicator (36) is made to have a compact structure so that it can be easily mounted on the rice transplanting machine, and at the same time, the adjusting mechanism (71) interferes when the planting section (15) behind the rice transplanting machine moves up and down. And the performance can be stably maintained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a rice transplanter.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the rice transplanter.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the planting section.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the fertilizer applicator.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory sectional view of a feeding case portion.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a drive motor unit.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory sectional view of a fertilizer hopper.

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the fertilizer hopper.

FIG. 9 is a control circuit diagram.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of another feeding section.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of another feeding section.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of another feeding section.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a feeding roll.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (37) Fertilizer hopper (38) Feeding case (feeding part) (71) Drive motor (fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism) (75) Interior hopper (77) Ridge (guide member) (79) Receiver (guide member) ( 80) Weight sensor (H) Width

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Satoru Okada 1-32 Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi F-term (reference) 2B052 BC05 BC08 BC09 BC16 CA14 DB08 DC02 DC05 DC12 DC16 DC17 DD02 DD03 EA02 EA18 EB08 EB12 EB13 EB14 2B060 AA01 AC03 BA04 BA09 BB07 BB08 DA02 DA05 DA06 DA07 DA10

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A weight sensor for detecting a fertilizer feeding amount based on a weight change detection of an interior hopper provided inside a fertilizer hopper so as to be vertically movable, and a fertilizing amount adjusting mechanism for adjusting a fertilizer feeding amount of the interior hopper. A fertilizer applicator, wherein the fertilizer control mechanism is driven and controlled based on the detection of the weight sensor. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a guide member for supporting the interior hopper on the fertilizer hopper so as to be vertically movable, and a weight sensor interposed between the fertilizer and the interior hopper.
Fertilizer as described. 3. The fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism is disposed between the feeding portions of the left and right hoppers within the front-rear width of the hopper below the fertilizer hopper.