JP2010534407A - 導電体およびそれらを作製し使用する方法 - Google Patents
導電体およびそれらを作製し使用する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010534407A JP2010534407A JP2010517187A JP2010517187A JP2010534407A JP 2010534407 A JP2010534407 A JP 2010534407A JP 2010517187 A JP2010517187 A JP 2010517187A JP 2010517187 A JP2010517187 A JP 2010517187A JP 2010534407 A JP2010534407 A JP 2010534407A
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- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- conductor
- conductors
- silicon
- ink
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 110
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 110
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 110
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WCCJDBZJUYKDBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Cu] WCCJDBZJUYKDBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001995 intermetallic alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 98
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 60
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- 239000000956 alloy Chemical class 0.000 description 59
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 38
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical class [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 12
- -1 for example Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical class [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical class [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical class [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSDQQAQKBAQLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1C(C=CS2)=C2CCN1 CSDQQAQKBAQLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;methylsulfanylmethane Chemical compound [B].CSC MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021387 carbon allotrope Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- SIAPCJWMELPYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium hydride Chemical compound [LiH] SIAPCJWMELPYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MJGFBOZCAJSGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Hg] MJGFBOZCAJSGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVUZUKYBUMROPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Hg] YVUZUKYBUMROPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C1=CC=CC=C1 PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanoborohydride Chemical compound [Na+].[B-]C#N BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N stannane Chemical compound [SnH4] KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000083 tin tetrahydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydroxy-[[phosphonatomethyl(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl]phosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)([O-])=O)CP([O-])([O-])=O SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium dihydride Chemical compound [ZrH2] QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000568 zirconium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/38—Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/022433—Particular geometry of the grid contacts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
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- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0306—Inorganic insulating substrates, e.g. ceramic, glass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
- H05K1/097—Inks comprising nanoparticles and specially adapted for being sintered at low temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
- H05K2201/0332—Structure of the conductor
- H05K2201/0335—Layered conductors or foils
- H05K2201/0347—Overplating, e.g. for reinforcing conductors or bumps; Plating over filled vias
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/01—Tools for processing; Objects used during processing
- H05K2203/0104—Tools for processing; Objects used during processing for patterning or coating
- H05K2203/013—Inkjet printing, e.g. for printing insulating material or resist
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/11—Treatments characterised by their effect, e.g. heating, cooling, roughening
- H05K2203/1131—Sintering, i.e. fusing of metal particles to achieve or improve electrical conductivity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
- H05K3/1241—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by ink-jet printing or drawing by dispensing
- H05K3/125—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by ink-jet printing or drawing by dispensing by ink-jet printing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/24—Reinforcing the conductive pattern
- H05K3/245—Reinforcing conductive patterns made by printing techniques or by other techniques for applying conductive pastes, inks or powders; Reinforcing other conductive patterns by such techniques
- H05K3/246—Reinforcing conductive paste, ink or powder patterns by other methods, e.g. by plating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2007年7月20日提出の米国仮出願番号第60/951,055号ならびに2008年7月17日提出の米国特許出願番号第12/175,381号の優先権および利益を主張し、各々の開示全体をあらゆる目的で引用によって本明細書に援用する。
本明細書に開示される特定の実施形態は、概して、導体およびそれらを作製する方法に関する。特に、本明細書に開示される特定の実施例は、基板上に配列されて太陽電池の1つ以上の導体をもたらす導線に関する。
太陽電池は、太陽からの光エネルギを電気エネルギに変換して、1つ以上の電気装置を作動させるのに使用され得る。太陽電池は典型的に、電流を受けるコレクタを含む。太陽電池の全体効率が高くなるように、太陽電池のコレクタおよび他の導電性部分が高いコンダクタンスを有することが望ましい。
第1の局面によれば、基板と、基板上に配列された導体とを含む装置が提供される。特定の実施例において、配列された導体および基板は各々が、互いに溶解しない材料を含み得る。一部の実施例において、配列された導体はほぼ純粋な金属をさらに含み、配列された導体は、接着テープ試験ASTM D3359−02に合格するようにさらに構成され得る。
添付の図面を参照し、特定の例示的な実施形態について以下により詳細に説明する。
本明細書に開示される装置および方法の特定の実施形態は、既存の装置および方法に対して、ほぼ不活性の基板への伝導性材料の接合の強化、コンダクタンスの向上、費用削減、および製造方法の簡略化を含む利点を有する。これらおよび他の利点は、本開示の恩恵があれば、当業者によって認識されるであろう。以下で行なわれる特定の工程は大気圧および条件にて行なわれ得るが、他の工程は、窒素雰囲気、たとえば窒素ガス下で行なわれ得る。たとえば、インクまたは他の材料が酸化し得る場合は、1つ以上の工程を窒素下で行なうことが望ましい場合がある。
Claims (20)
- 基板と、
基板上に配列された導体とを備える装置であって、前記配列された導体および前記基板は各々が、互いに溶解しない材料を含み、前記配列された導体はほぼ純粋な金属をさらに含み、前記配列された導体は、接着テープ試験ASTM D3359−02に合格するようにさらに構成される、装置。 - 前記導体と前記基板との間に形成され、かつ前記導体の材料と前記基板の材料とで形成される金属間化合物をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記金属間化合物は、シリコン−パラジウムおよびシリコン−銅からなるグループから選択される、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記導体は銀ナノインクを含み、前記基板はシリコンウェハである、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 電気めっきされた材料を前記導体上にさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記基板は、約400℃未満の温度においてほぼ不活性である、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記配列された導体は、前記基板上にパターンまたは線として構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 導体を形成する方法であって、
導体を基板上に堆積させるステップと、
前記堆積された導体と前記基板との間に金属間化合物を形成するのに有効な焼結温度で前記配列された導体を焼結して、前記配列された導体と前記基板との間に冶金接合を生じさせるステップとを含み、前記金属間化合物は、前記配列された導体の材料と前記基板の材料とで形成される、方法。 - 前記焼結された導体をさらなる材料で電気めっきするステップをさらに含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記焼結温度は850℃を上回る、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記導体は銀であり、前記基板はシリコンである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記導体を前記基板上に堆積させる前に前記基板上に金属を堆積させるステップと、堆積された金属を焼結して、前記堆積された金属および前記基板から形成される別の金属間化合物を生じさせるステップとをさらに含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記導体は、インクジェット印刷を用いて配列される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 焼結は、冶金接合によって接着テープ試験ASTM D3359−02に合格するのに有効な導体が生じるように、有効な時間行なわれる、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 導電体を形成する方法であって、
銀ナノインクをシリコン基板上にインクジェット印刷するステップと、
印刷された銀ナノインクおよびシリコン基板を、焼結された印刷された銀ナノインク導体が接着テープ試験ASTM D3359−02に合格するような有効温度で焼結するステップとを含む、方法。 - 前記印刷された銀ナノインクを電気めっきするステップをさらに含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記印刷された銀ナノインクは、銅で電気めっきされる、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記有効温度は、前記銀ナノインクおよび前記シリコン基板から形成される金属間合金の形成を生じさせるのにも有効である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記銀ナノインクは、前記シリコン基板上に線またはパターンとして印刷される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記銀ナノインクの印刷前に前記シリコン基板上に金属をインクジェット印刷するステップと、印刷された金属を加熱して、前記印刷された金属および前記シリコン基板から形成される金属間化合物を生じさせるステップとをさらに含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
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US12/175,381 US8304062B2 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2008-07-17 | Electrical conductors and methods of making and using them |
PCT/US2008/070483 WO2009015020A1 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2008-07-18 | Electrical conductors and methods of making and using them |
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- 2008-07-18 EP EP08782067A patent/EP2173496A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-18 KR KR1020107003562A patent/KR20100046204A/ko active Application Filing
- 2008-07-18 JP JP2010517187A patent/JP2010534407A/ja active Pending
- 2008-07-18 WO PCT/US2008/070483 patent/WO2009015020A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-07-18 CN CN201510240608.6A patent/CN104821346A/zh active Pending
- 2008-07-18 KR KR1020167002300A patent/KR20160018819A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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2015
- 2015-10-14 JP JP2015202777A patent/JP2016066800A/ja active Pending
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2016
- 2016-01-19 HK HK16100548.9A patent/HK1212813A1/zh unknown
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JP7315801B2 (ja) | 2019-03-25 | 2023-07-26 | シノヴィア テクノロジーズ | 非平衡熱硬化プロセス |
Also Published As
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US8304062B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 |
EP2173496A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
WO2009015020A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
KR20100046204A (ko) | 2010-05-06 |
CN101903114A (zh) | 2010-12-01 |
CN104821346A (zh) | 2015-08-05 |
HK1212813A1 (zh) | 2016-06-17 |
US20090061169A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
JP2016066800A (ja) | 2016-04-28 |
KR20160018819A (ko) | 2016-02-17 |
EP2173496A4 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
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