JP2010218923A - 燃料電池用白金系酸化物触媒 - Google Patents
燃料電池用白金系酸化物触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010218923A JP2010218923A JP2009065306A JP2009065306A JP2010218923A JP 2010218923 A JP2010218923 A JP 2010218923A JP 2009065306 A JP2009065306 A JP 2009065306A JP 2009065306 A JP2009065306 A JP 2009065306A JP 2010218923 A JP2010218923 A JP 2010218923A
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- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical compound [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 229910003446 platinum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 98
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- MEUKEBNAABNAEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxymethane Chemical compound COO MEUKEBNAABNAEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 25
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 25
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 7
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 5
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YKIOKAURTKXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N adams's catalyst Chemical compound O=[Pt]=O YKIOKAURTKXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical group FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003058 platinum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005546 reactive sputtering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】xが0.5以下である白金酸化物(PtOx)をアノード電極触媒に使用する。この白金酸化物は、物理気相成長(PVD)法や化学気相成長(CVD)法を用いて作成する。或いは、この白金酸化物は、白金酸の還元などで作製したより酸素比の多い白金酸化物を電解還元や水素還元により作製しても良い。この白金酸化物は、非常に簡単な製造方法により良好なメタノール酸化特性を有するアノード電極触媒となる。
【選択図】図1
Description
アノード電極側で、CH3OH+H2O→CO2+6H++6e− (1)
カソード電極側で、3/2O2+6H++6e−→3H2O (2)
全体では、CH3OH+3/2O2→CO2+2H2O (3)
白金酸化物(PtOx)は、たとえばスパッタ等の物理気相成長(PVD)法により作成する。スパッタの場合、ターゲット材料として白金(Pt)を用いるときは、スパッタ装置(チャンバー)内を高真空にして不純物ガスを排出した後、装置内にある一方の電極を白金ターゲットとし、他方の電極にアノード電極触媒の基材を配置する。この基材は白金酸化物を付着する基礎となるものである。通常は、図1におけるアノード側燃料拡散層13がこの基材となるが、アノード側燃料拡散層13とは異なるものを用いても良い。基材としては、付着する膜の表面積を増大させるために、多孔質なものが良い。たとえば、多孔質炭素や多孔質高分子がある。装置内へアルゴン(Ar)、キセノン(Xe)やクリプトン(Kr)などの不活性ガスを導入するとともに、酸素(O2)ガスを合わせて導入する。この状態で、低圧にして電極間にRF電圧またはDC電圧をかけると白金ターゲットから白金がスパッタされて、アノード電極触媒の基材に白金酸化物が付着する。
14・・・燃料槽、15・・・(メタノール水)インレット、16・・・アウトレット、
17・・・カソード電極触媒、18・・・カソード側ガス拡散層、19・・・空気槽、
21・・・(空気)インレット、22・・・アウトレット、23・・・アノード電極、
24・・・カソード電極、25・・・導電線、26・・・負荷、
31・・・高分子電解質膜、32・・・アノード電極、33・・・カソード電極、
34・・・負荷、35・・・(メタノール水)インレット、
36・・・(CO2)アウトレット、37・・・(空気)インレット、
38・・・(水)アウトレット、39・・・導電線、
Claims (6)
- 炭素系化合物を含む燃料を使用する燃料電池または改質ガスを使用する燃料電池であって、アノード電極触媒として、xが0.5以下の白金酸化物(PtOx)を用いることを特徴とする燃料電池。
- 白金酸化物(PtOx)は、PVD法、CVD法、白金の酸化、または白金酸の還元により形成されたものであることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第1項に記載の燃料電池。
- yがxより大きい値を有する白金酸化物(PtOy)を還元することによって得られた白金酸化物(PtOx)であることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第1項に記載の燃料電池。
- 白金酸化物(PtOy)は、PVD法、CVD法、白金の酸化、または白金酸の還元により形成されたものであることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第3項に記載の燃料電池。
- 還元は、水素還元または電解還元であることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第2項〜第4項のいずれかの項に記載の燃料電池。
- 燃料電池は直接メタノール型燃料電池であることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第1項〜第5項のいずれかの項に記載の燃料電池。
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JP2009065306A JP5428109B2 (ja) | 2009-03-17 | 2009-03-17 | 燃料電池 |
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JP2009065306A JP5428109B2 (ja) | 2009-03-17 | 2009-03-17 | 燃料電池 |
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JP2010218923A true JP2010218923A (ja) | 2010-09-30 |
JP5428109B2 JP5428109B2 (ja) | 2014-02-26 |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014241213A (ja) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-25 | 国立大学法人秋田大学 | アルカリ直接型エタノール燃料電池用アノード触媒及び該触媒を備えたアルカリ直接型エタノール燃料電池、該触媒の製造方法、並びに、アルカリ直接型エタノール燃料電池の出力向上方法 |
JP2015158531A (ja) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-09-03 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 電気光学素子 |
JP2017218646A (ja) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-14 | 国立大学法人秋田大学 | 大規模な二酸化炭素排出源(火力発電所等)で貯留した二酸化炭素の電解還元・メタノール同時合成のための二酸化炭素電解処理システム |
JP2019164938A (ja) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-26 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 燃料電池電極触媒 |
CN115101759A (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-09-23 | 成都大学 | 一种解毒型甲醇氧化复合电极及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6624488B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-23 | 2019-12-25 | 国立大学法人秋田大学 | アンモニア燃料電池用電極触媒の製造方法、アンモニア燃料電池用電極触媒、およびアンモニア燃料電池 |
Citations (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005100713A (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-04-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極触媒およびその製造方法 |
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Patent Citations (1)
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JP2005100713A (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-04-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極触媒およびその製造方法 |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014241213A (ja) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-25 | 国立大学法人秋田大学 | アルカリ直接型エタノール燃料電池用アノード触媒及び該触媒を備えたアルカリ直接型エタノール燃料電池、該触媒の製造方法、並びに、アルカリ直接型エタノール燃料電池の出力向上方法 |
JP2015158531A (ja) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-09-03 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 電気光学素子 |
JP2017218646A (ja) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-14 | 国立大学法人秋田大学 | 大規模な二酸化炭素排出源(火力発電所等)で貯留した二酸化炭素の電解還元・メタノール同時合成のための二酸化炭素電解処理システム |
JP2019164938A (ja) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-26 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 燃料電池電極触媒 |
JP7095340B2 (ja) | 2018-03-20 | 2022-07-05 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 燃料電池電極触媒 |
CN115101759A (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-09-23 | 成都大学 | 一种解毒型甲醇氧化复合电极及其制备方法 |
CN115101759B (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-22 | 成都大学 | 一种解毒型甲醇氧化复合电极及其制备方法 |
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