JP2010132900A - 貯蔵安定性のあるヒドロキシ変性ミクロゲルラテックス - Google Patents
貯蔵安定性のあるヒドロキシ変性ミクロゲルラテックス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010132900A JP2010132900A JP2009259209A JP2009259209A JP2010132900A JP 2010132900 A JP2010132900 A JP 2010132900A JP 2009259209 A JP2009259209 A JP 2009259209A JP 2009259209 A JP2009259209 A JP 2009259209A JP 2010132900 A JP2010132900 A JP 2010132900A
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- Prior art keywords
- microgel
- weight
- latex
- acid
- composition
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
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- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 title abstract description 108
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- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 16
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
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- XSZYESUNPWGWFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroperoxypropan-2-yl)-4-methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCC(C(C)(C)OO)CC1 XSZYESUNPWGWFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 5
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- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N Abietic acid Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2=CC[C@]3(C)[C@](C)(CCC[C@@]3(C)C(=O)O)[C@H]2CC1 BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001061225 Arcos Species 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 101000911390 Homo sapiens Coagulation factor VIII Proteins 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920013821 hydroxy alkyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VRXOQUOGDYKXFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxylamine;sulfuric acid Chemical compound ON.ON.OS(O)(=O)=O VRXOQUOGDYKXFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SBGKURINHGJRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethanesulfinic acid Chemical compound OCS(O)=O SBGKURINHGJRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BUZRAOJSFRKWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanatosilane Chemical class [SiH3]N=C=O BUZRAOJSFRKWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- OQAIUHLITJGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(propan-2-yl)hydroxylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(O)C(C)C OQAIUHLITJGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPLYVSYSBPLDOA-GYOJGHLZSA-N n-[(2r,3r)-1,3-dihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl]tetracosanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC BPLYVSYSBPLDOA-GYOJGHLZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- ZWWQICJTBOCQLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-propan-2-yl (propan-2-yloxycarbothioyldisulfanyl)methanethioate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=S)SSC(=S)OC(C)C ZWWQICJTBOCQLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000954 titration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
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- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/30—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule
- C08C19/34—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with oxygen or oxygen-containing groups
- C08C19/38—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with oxygen or oxygen-containing groups with hydroxy radicals
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- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/26—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents anionic
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- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
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- C08F36/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/04—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
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- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
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- C08L93/04—Rosin
Abstract
【解決手段】 変性樹脂酸(I)、脂肪酸(II)および変性樹脂酸(I)と脂肪酸(II)とからなる混合物からなる群から選択される成分を含む組成物であって、この成分の中和度が104〜165%である組成物が記載される。ミクロゲルの製造のためのその使用もまた記載される。
【選択図】なし
Description
1)重合プロセス中に、反応器壁上に雄型(form)を沈着させる。これは、反応器運転時間を低下させ、清掃コストを増大させる。
2)水蒸気蒸留による未反応モノマーの除去中に、ラテックスの部分または完全凝固が起こる。これは、収率をかなり低下させ、水蒸気蒸留プロセスが実施されるアセンブリを清掃するためのかなりのコストが発生する。
3)耐剪断性の低下のために、部分または定量的ラテックス凝固がポンプ送液循環を含む手順中に起こる。これは同様に収率をかなり低下させる。
4)ヒドロキシル化ミクロゲルが先行技術の教示に従って製造されるとき、その結果として、剪断力のいかなる適用もなしに、ラテックス貯蔵中のラテックス粒子の見掛け直径が増大しかつラテックスが凝固する。
本発明は、少なくとも1つの変性樹脂酸(I)および少なくとも1つの脂肪酸(II)が使用される乳化剤系を提供する。
樹脂酸および脂肪酸の中和のために使用することができる塩基の例は、LiOH、NaOH、KOH、NH3および/またはNH4OHである。酸と難溶性の塩を形成しない塩基がここでは好ましい。LiOH、NaOH、KOHおよびNH4OHが特に好ましい。
ミクロゲルの製造は、モノマーの総量が100重量部である、共役ジエン(A)から、ビニル芳香族モノマー(B)から、架橋モノマー(C)からおよびヒドロキシ基を含有するモノマー(D)からなるモノマー混合物を使用する。
ポリブタジエン:−80℃
ポリイソプレン:−65℃
ポリスチレン:100℃
ポリ−4−メチルスチレン:104℃
ポリ(α)メチルスチレン:115℃
(A)および(B)の他のホモポリマーのガラス転移温度は、J.Brandrup,E.H.Immergut,Polymer Handbook,Wiley & Sons 1975年に見いだされる。
好適な重合開始剤は、分解してフリーラジカルを与える化合物である。これらの中に、−O−O−単位を含有する化合物(ペルオキソ化合物)あるいは−N=N−単位を含有する化合物(アゾ化合物)がある。ペルオキソ化合物の中に、過酸化水素、ペルオキソジサルフェート、ペルオキソジホスフェート、パーボレート、ヒドロペルオキシド、過酸、過エステルおよび過酸化物がある。好適なペルオキソジサルフェートは、ナトリウム、カリウムおよびアンモニウムペルオキソジサルフェートである。好適なヒドロペルオキシドは、第三ブチルヒドロペルオキシド、クミルヒドロペルオキシドおよびp−メンタンヒドロペルオキシドである。好適な過酸化物は、ベンゾイルペルオキシド、2,4−ジクロロベンゾイルペルオキシド、過安息香酸第三ブチル、ジクミルペルオキシドおよびジ−第三ブチルペルオキシドである。好適なアゾ化合物は、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、アゾビスバレロニトリルおよびアゾビスシクロヘキサンニトリルである。
使用することができる調整剤の例は、線状および分岐メルカプタン、キサントゲンジスルフィド、チオグリコール、チウラムジスルフィド、ハロゲン化炭化水素、および分岐炭化水素である。
重合反応において本発明の方法によって得られる転化率は一般に65〜100%、好ましくは70〜100%、特に好ましくは80〜100%である。重合反応における高い転化率は、以下の目的を達成するために有利である:
1.ミクロゲルの高い空間/時間収率;
2.水蒸気ストリッピングによる未転化モノマーの除去での熱応力の減少;および
3.70重量%より上のゲル含有率および30より小さい膨潤指数と共に、高い程度のゲル架橋の樹立。
水の量
乳化重合反応に使用される水の量は、各場合にモノマー混合物の100重量部を基準として、好ましくは150〜900重量部、特に好ましくは180〜700重量部、特に200〜400重量部である。
重合反応中の粘度を低下させるために、ナトリウム、カリウムおよびアンモニウムなどの、一価陽イオンの塩を水相に添加することができる。相当する陰イオンは一価または二価であることができる。使用される電解質の例は、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウムおよび硝酸アンモニウムである。塩化カリウムが好ましい。塩の添加量は、各場合にモノマー混合物の100重量部を基準として、好ましくは0.01〜1.0重量部、好ましくは0.05〜0.25重量部である。
重合反応を停止させるために、ヒドロキシルアミン、ジアルキルヒドロキシルアミンおよびヒドラジン、あるいはそれらに由来する塩を使用することが一般に可能である。
重合反応が終了させられるとすぐに、得られたラテックスは、未転化モノマーおよびまた揮発性成分を除去するために水蒸気処理される。ここで用いられる温度は好ましくは70〜150℃であり、ここで100℃より下の温度では、圧力は下げられる。
ラテックスの凝固前にまたは凝固中に、酸化防止剤がラテックスに添加される。フェノール系およびアミン系酸化防止剤がこの目的のために好適である。好適なフェノール系酸化防止剤は、アルキル化フェノールあるいは立体障害のあるフェノール、例えば、2,6−ジ−第三ブチルフェノール、2,6−ジ−第三ブチル−p−クレゾール(BHT)、2,6−ジ−第三ブチル−4−エチルフェノール、およびまた2,2−メチレンビス(4−メチル−6−第三ブチルフェノール)(BPH)である。BHTおよびBPHが好ましい。
ラテックスは通常、ポリマー沈殿剤と組み合わせてまた使用することができる、電解質によって凝固させられる。以下の後段階で記載される温度基準の遵守を前提として、いかなる陰イオン性、陽イオン性または中性乳化剤の添加もなしに、樹脂酸のおよび脂肪酸の塩を使用することによって、ラテックスを凝固させるときに5mmより大きい小片サイズを得ることは容易である。
剪断安定性は、停止後のおよび残存モノマーおよび他の揮発性成分を除去するための水蒸気処理後のラテックスに関して測定される。ラテックスは、重合反応中に使用された乳化剤のみを含む。ラテックスにはまた、添加された酸化防止剤がない。
1)室温でのラテックス貯蔵時間に応じたラテックス直径の監視。
2)室温でのラテックス貯蔵時間に応じた剪断安定性の測定。
実験シリーズ(1)の非発明ラテックスの場合には、ラテックスの剪断中に形成された凝固物の量がラテックス貯蔵中の粒径の増加と関連があることは明らかである。
以下の出発原料を使用してミクロゲルを製造した(実験シリーズ(1)〜(8)を参照されたい)。ここで表中の調合物成分の全ては、モノマー混合物の100重量部を基準とする。
1) Lanxess Deutschland GmbH製のブタジエン(99%純度、安定剤なし)
2) KMF Labor Chemie Handels GmbH製のスチレン(98%純度)
3) Aldrich製のトリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート(96%純度);製品番号:24684−0;(略記:TMPTMA)
4) ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート(Arcos製の97%;略記:HEMA)
5) 不均化樹脂酸(RAと略記される)−Dresinate(登録商標)835(Abieta Chemie GmbH;D−86358 Gersthofen)の使用量をベースとして遊離酸として計算
使用されるDresinate(登録商標)835バッチは、固形分によっておよびまたナトリウム塩の形態で、遊離酸の形態でおよび中性物質の形態で存在する乳化剤成分によって特徴付けられた。
固形分は、Maron,S.H.;Madow,B.P.;Borneman,E.:“The effective equivalent weights of some rosin acids and soaps”,Rubber Age,1952年4月,71−72ページによって公表された仕様に従って測定した。
使用されるDresinate(登録商標)835バッチの3つのアリコート検体から測定された平均固形分値は、71重量%であった。
ナトリウム塩の形態でおよび遊離酸の形態で存在する乳化剤部分は、Maron,S.H.,Ulevitch,I.N.,Elder,M.E.:“Fatty and Rosin Acids,Soaps,and Their Mixtures”,Analytical Chemistry,Vol.21,6,691−695ページによって記載されている方法によって滴定により測定した。
全乳化剤含有率:2.70ミリモル/g乾燥重量
Na塩:2.42ミリモル/g乾燥重量
遊離酸:0.28ミリモル/g乾燥重量
であった。
不均化樹脂酸のナトリウム塩:78.4重量%
遊離の不均化樹脂酸:8.5重量%
簿外部分(中性物質):13.1重量%
全乳化剤含有率:3.637ミリモル/g乾燥重量
モル質量(遊離酸):274.8mg/ミリモル
であった。
7) Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP製の第三ドデシルメルカプタン(Sulfole(登録商標)120)
8) Lanxess Deutschland GmbH製の第三ドデシルメルカプタン
0.284gのエチレンジアミン四酢酸(Fluka、製品番号03620)
0.238gの硫酸鉄(II)*7H2O(Riedel de Haen、製品番号12354)(結晶水なしで計算)
0.576gのRongalit C、ホルムアルデヒド−スルホキシル酸Na二水和物(Merck−Schuchardt、製品番号8.06455)(結晶水なしで計算)および
0.874gのリン酸三ナトリウム*12H2O(Acros、製品番号206520010)(結晶水なしで計算)
からなった。
揮発性成分を除去するためにラテックスを大気圧で水蒸気蒸留にかけた。
360gの脱イオン水(DW)
40gのアルキルフェノールポリグリコールエーテル(Lanxess Deutschland GmbH製のNP10乳化剤)
400gのLanxess Deutschland GmbH製のVulkanox(登録商標)KB
からなった。
実験シリーズ(1)〜(8)のラテックスを、底部バルブ付き、加熱および撹拌のための設備付きの55Lオープンタンク中で回分式に凝固させた。各場合に、ラテックスの凝固は、表に記述される固形分濃度の16Lのラテックスおよび15Lの沈殿剤液を使用した。沈殿剤液は脱イオン水からなり、それに溶解した塩化カルシウムの量はラテックスの各凝固においてミクロゲル(固形分)を基準として、1.77重量%の塩化カルシウムの量を得るのに十分であった。ラテックスの凝固は、撹拌しながら、加熱された沈殿剤溶液にラテックスを加えることによって達成した。ラテックスを加えてしまうとすぐに、タンクの冷えた内容物をラテックス添加前の沈殿剤の温度に加熱し、漿液が透明になるまで(10〜15分)前記温度に維持した。
1) ブタジエン(非安定化)
2) スチレン(100〜150ppmの4−第三ブチルピロカテコールで安定化)
3) トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート(Aldrich製の96%純度)
4) ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート(Arcos製の97%純度)
5) 使用されるDresinate 835の量から計算される不均化樹脂酸(RAと略記)の量
6) Oleo Chemicals製のEdenor HTiCT N(FAと略記)
7) 第三ドデシルメルカプタン(Chevron Phillips製のSulfole(登録商標)120)
8) 第三ドデシルメルカプタン(Lanxess Deutschland GmbH)
1)不均化樹脂酸対部分水素化脂肪酸の重量比:1/15〜15/1、好ましくは1/12〜12/1
2)不均化樹脂酸のおよび部分水素化脂肪酸の重量の合計:全体モノマー混合物の100重量部を基準として、2.2重量部超、好ましくは2.5重量部超
3)不均化樹脂酸のおよび部分水素化脂肪酸の中和度:104〜165%、好ましくは105〜160%
Claims (16)
- 変性樹脂酸(I)、脂肪酸(II)および変性樹脂酸(I)と脂肪酸(II)とからなる混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの成分を含む組成物であって、前記成分の中和度が104〜165%である組成物。
- 変性樹脂酸対脂肪酸の重量比が0.05:1〜15:1であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記変性樹脂酸が不均化樹脂酸であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの変性樹脂酸(I)と少なくとも1つの脂肪酸(II)とを混合することによる、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の、少なくとも1つの変性樹脂酸(I)および少なくとも1つの脂肪酸(II)を含む組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含む、ミクロゲルの製造における乳化剤組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物が乳化剤組成物として使用される、ミクロゲルの製造方法。
- 前記ミクロゲルが乳化重合によって製造されることを特徴とする請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記ミクロゲルが、共役ジエン(A)、ビニル芳香族モノマー(B)、架橋モノマー(C)およびヒドロキシ基を含有するモノマー(D)からなる群から選択されるモノマーからなることを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の方法。
- 前記ミクロゲルのガラス転移温度より上の温度での凝固によって得られたミクロゲルの処理を含むことを特徴とする請求項6〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記凝固が前記ミクロゲルのガラス転移温度より少なくとも10℃高い温度で実施されることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 請求項6〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られるミクロゲル。
- 70重量%超のゲル含有率を有する、請求項11に記載のミクロゲル。
- 30未満の膨潤指数を有することを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載のミクロゲル。
- 0.1重量%超含有率のヒドロキシ基を含有する共重合モノマーを有することを特徴とする請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載のミクロゲル。
- 0.5超のヒドロキシ価を有することを特徴とする請求項11〜14のいずれか一項に記載のミクロゲル。
- 請求項11〜15のいずれか一項に記載のミクロゲルを含む、タイヤ構成要素、特にトレッドの製造方法。
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US20100120973A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
KR20100054102A (ko) | 2010-05-24 |
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CA2685963A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
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US20120108724A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
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CN101735634A (zh) | 2010-06-16 |
CN101735634B (zh) | 2014-05-07 |
US8119728B2 (en) | 2012-02-21 |
JP5739095B2 (ja) | 2015-06-24 |
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