JP2010003695A - リチウム合金化物質/炭素複合体 - Google Patents
リチウム合金化物質/炭素複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002090 nanochannel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UIDWHMKSOZZDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium tin Chemical compound [Li].[Sn] UIDWHMKSOZZDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 xerogels Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/387—Tin or alloys based on tin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
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- H01M4/405—Alloys based on lithium
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Abstract
【解決手段】炭素は、ナノ孔隙を有する多孔質基材の形態であり、リチウム合金化物質は、この炭素基材のナノ孔隙中に吸着される。この炭素基材のナノ孔隙の体積は10から99%の間にあることができる。さらにリチウム合金化物質は、このナノ孔隙を5から99%の間で占有することができる。部分的にのみリチウム合金化物質で満たされる炭素構造物の一部は空のままであり、リチウムと合金を作る際の体積膨張に対する余地を与え、かつ電解液が出て行くことを可能にする。場合によっては、ナノ孔隙は、1ナノメートルから999ナノメートルの間の平均直径を有するナノ細孔およびナノ流路を有する。リチウム合金化物質は、導電性炭素構造物および電気的に活性なリチウム合金化物質との間で密接に接触している材料をもたらす液体輸送または他の機構を用いてナノ孔隙中に吸着される。
【選択図】図1
Description
100 炭素基材
110 流路
120 細孔
200 リチウム合金化物質
Claims (17)
- 炭素およびリチウム合金化物質を含み、
多孔質基材の形態の前記炭素がナノ孔隙を有し、かつ
前記ナノ孔隙内に利用可能な自由体積が存在するように前記リチウム合金化物質が前記炭素基材の前記ナノ孔隙の一部中に吸着される、材料。 - 前記基材が、前記ナノ孔隙を10から99体積パーセントの間で有する、請求項1に記載の材料。
- 前記リチウム合金化物質が、前記ナノ孔隙の5%超、100%未満を占有する、請求項2に記載の材料。
- 前記リチウム合金化物質が、前記ナノ孔隙の50%超、100%未満を占有する、請求項2に記載の材料。
- 前記リチウム合金化物質が、前記ナノ孔隙の75%超、100%未満を占有する、請求項2に記載の材料。
- 前記ナノ孔隙が、1ナノメートルから999ナノメートルの間の平均直径のナノ細孔およびナノ流路を有する、請求項1に記載の材料。
- 前記ナノ細孔および前記ナノ流路が、1ナノメートルから50ナノメートルの間の平均直径を有する、請求項6に記載の材料。
- 前記ナノ細孔および前記ナノ流路が、1ナノメートルから30ナノメートルの間の平均直径を有する、請求項6に記載の材料。
- 前記ナノ細孔および前記ナノ流路が、1ナノメートルから20ナノメートルの間の平均直径を有する、請求項6に記載の材料。
- 前記リチウム合金化物質が、スズ、ケイ素、アルミニウム、ゲルマニウム、およびこれらの合金からなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載の材料。
- 請求項1に記載の材料を含む電極。
- 結合用化合物、他の添加剤、およびこれらの組合せをさらに含む、請求項11に記載の電極。
- 請求項11に記載の陰極、
電解液、および
陽極
を有する電池。 - 炭素およびリチウム合金化物質を含み、
多孔質基材の形態の前記炭素が、孔隙を画定するナノ細孔およびナノ流路を有し、前記ナノ細孔および前記ナノ流路が、1ナノメートルから999ナノメートルの間の平均直径を有し、また
前記リチウム合金化物質が、前記炭素基材の前記ナノ細孔および前記ナノ流路の一部中に吸着され、かつ前記孔隙内に利用可能な自由体積が存在するように前記孔隙の5%超、100%未満を占有する、材料。 - 前記基材が、10から99体積パーセントの間の孔隙を有する、請求項14に記載の材料。
- 前記リチウム合金化物質が、スズ、ケイ素、アルミニウム、ゲルマニウム、およびこれらの合金からなる群から選択される、請求項15に記載の材料。
- 炭素およびリチウム合金化物質の電極を有する電池であって、
リチウムを含有する陽極と、
電解液と、
陰極であって、ナノ孔隙を画定するナノ細孔およびナノ流路を有する多孔質の炭素基材を有し、前記ナノ細孔および前記ナノ流路が、1ナノメートルから999ナノメートルの間の平均直径を有する、陰極と、
前記炭素基材の前記ナノ細孔および前記ナノ流路の一部中に吸着され、かつ前記孔隙内に利用可能な自由体積が存在するように前記孔隙の5%超、100%未満を占有するリチウム合金化物質と
を含む電池。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/143,195 | 2008-06-20 | ||
US12/143,195 US8361659B2 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2008-06-20 | Lithium-alloying-material/carbon composite |
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JP2010003695A true JP2010003695A (ja) | 2010-01-07 |
JP2010003695A5 JP2010003695A5 (ja) | 2012-07-19 |
JP6092496B2 JP6092496B2 (ja) | 2017-03-08 |
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WO2013084302A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-06-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 全固体電池 |
WO2019131519A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-04 | 東ソー株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用複合活物質およびその製造方法 |
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