JP2009530779A - 電気加熱素子 - Google Patents

電気加熱素子 Download PDF

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JP2009530779A
JP2009530779A JP2009500711A JP2009500711A JP2009530779A JP 2009530779 A JP2009530779 A JP 2009530779A JP 2009500711 A JP2009500711 A JP 2009500711A JP 2009500711 A JP2009500711 A JP 2009500711A JP 2009530779 A JP2009530779 A JP 2009530779A
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heating
electrodes
heating resistor
heating element
electric heating
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JP5036803B2 (ja
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ジー−ウェイ，チェン
アレキサンダー，グレーバー
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ライスター プロセス テクノロジーズ
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/24—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor being self-supporting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81262—Electrical and dielectric properties, e.g. electrical conductivity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81417—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled being V-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81422—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8167—Quick change joining tools or surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8188—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical conducting constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81881—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/004—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0042—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
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Abstract

本発明は、とりわけ、電極（２，３）に電圧を印加すると加熱抵抗（４）の長さにそって熱が発生するように２つの電極（２，３）と電極（２，３）の間に配置された加熱抵抗（４）を有する、ホットウェッジフィルム溶接デバイス用の電気加熱素子（１）に関する。加熱抵抗（４）は、従来のフィルム溶接機の加熱カートリッジとホットウェッジを置き換え得るように、フィルム溶接機の加熱ウェッジの形状に対応して設計される。好ましくは、導電性セラミック材料から作成され、均一な熱分配、良好な熱伝導性と耐磨耗性、及び優れた耐食性によって区別される。

Description

本発明は、電気加熱素子に関し、とりわけ、電極に電圧を印加すると加熱抵抗の長さにそって熱が発生するような２つの電極とその電極間に配置された加熱抵抗を有し、加熱抵抗は、耐食材料から作成され、上面及びその上面と反対の下面を有し、加熱抵抗の両面が鋭角で収斂する、ホットウェッジフィルム溶接デバイス用の電気加熱素子に関する。
こうした電気加熱素子は公知であり、様々な用途に種々の実施形態で使用されている。また、それらは、例えば、プラスチックフィルムのオーバーラップ溶接用の溶接デバイスに使用され、それらの表面が、温度の作用によって接合され、ウェブは、ホットウェッジによって加熱され、可塑化及び／又は溶融され、圧力の作用によって、圧力ローラーを用いて確実に結合される。このプロセスにおいて、ホットウェッジは、互いに接触するフィルムのウェブ間に案内される。通常の溶接ウェッジは、主としてその優れた熱伝導性の理由で、金属からなり、ホットウェッジを囲む又はその中に埋設された電気加熱素子を用い、それによって接触を確立し、プラスチックフィルムのウェブの溶融温度よりも高い温度に加熱される。
ＰＶＣフィルムの溶接に必要な高温のため、溶接プロセスの間に、高活性の塩化水素が放出される。水分と一緒になると酸を生成し、ホットウェッジと電気加熱素子の腐食と局所的破壊的損傷をもたらし、今度はそれが、溶接線の品質に不都合な効果を与える。日々の使用において、ホットウェッジと加熱素子は、非常な腐食と同時に機械的応力に曝され、ある作業期間の後に交換される必要がある。
したがって、本発明は、ホットウェッジと併用される電気加熱素子の問題を対処し、使用可能な寿命を長くすることを目的とし、従来技術に比較して高い機械的摩耗抵抗と同時に優れた腐食抵抗を有する電気加熱素子を提案する。
本発明によると、この問題は、請求項１の特徴を有する電気加熱素子によって解決される。さらなる有益な態様は、従属請求項によって与えられる。
本発明によると、導電性セラミック材料を用いて加熱抵抗が作成される。セラミック材料は、そのもので加熱抵抗を形成してもよく、金属の加熱抵抗にコーティングとして施してもよい。腐食抵抗、摩耗抵抗、及び熱伝導性について優れた特性を有するのみならず、なかでも高い電気伝導性もまた有する、例えば、ＳｉＣ又はＭｏＳｉ２−Ａｌ２Ｏ３のようなセラミック材料を使用することができる。セラミック材料の導電性、したがって加熱抵抗を通る電流の流れは、その導電性と非導電性の成分の割合を変えることによって調節することができる。
加熱抵抗の１つの上面と１つの下面は、鋭角で収斂する。即ち、加熱抵抗は、基本的に、従来のホットウェッジの外形を有し、加熱抵抗がその機能もまた備えることができるといった効果を有する。このことは、電気加熱素子からプラスチックフィルムへの熱の移動が直接的でより効率的であるといった長所を有する。さらに、従来のホットウェッジフィルム溶接デバイスの別個な部分からなる間接加熱ホットウェッジがなくなり、製造・保全コストの低下をもたらす。さらなる長所として、「くさび形」の加熱抵抗の熱分配は、加熱カートリッジを通して間接的に加熱される従来のホットウェッジよりも、かなり均一である。
加熱抵抗は、その長さにそって、１又は複数の屈曲又は折れ目を有してもよい。したがって、その長さは、その長さと幅の倍数であり、得られる効果的な断面積の低下は、電流フローについての抵抗値を定める効果を有する。選択された形状因子に加え、電流フローは、材料の適切な選択によって、即ち、加熱抵抗が作成される材料の導電性を変えることによって調節することもできる。
本発明の有利な実施形態において、加熱抵抗は、導電性セラミック材料から一体物として均質に作成される。このことは、加熱抵抗内の迅速で均一な熱分配を確保し、その製造時のその材料コストを低下する。一体物のセラミック加熱抵抗は、例えば、曲がりくねった屈曲又は折れ目を有することがあるその目的の設計形状に成形することを可能にする。このプロセスにおいて、電極は、雄型の表面−表面の接触によって取り囲むことができ、良好な機械的・電気的接続をもたらすことができる。
本発明のもう１つの好ましい実施形態において、加熱抵抗は、金属又は金属合金からなるコア、及びセラミックコーティングを有する。この目的のため、例えば、耐食性クロム−ニッケル鋼又は同様な材料が使用されてもよい。また、より簡易な材料から加熱抵抗の金属コアを作成することもできる。セラミックコーティングは、金属コアの表面を改良し、保護コーティングとして作用する。これは、雄型の表面−表面の接触でコアを包み込み、優れた機械的・電気的接触を可能にする。コーティングされた加熱抵抗のコアは、工業的に一般に用いられる切削法によって、金属ブロックから簡単に作成することができる。
従来のホットウェッジに比較すると、セラミック又はセラミックコーティングの「くさび形」の加熱抵抗は、数倍高い摩耗と腐食に対する耐性を有する。同時に、プラスチック溶融残留物に対する付着性が低く、フィルムのウェブ間で、加熱抵抗の滑りを容易にする。さらに、セラミック加熱抵抗を用いると、従来の金属溶接ウェッジにおいては高頻度で必要とされた、いろいろな種類のプラスチックフィルムに対する交換が必要ない。
好ましくは、本発明による加熱抵抗については、電極は、加熱抵抗の先端から遠い領域に、加熱抵抗の面にそって配置される。この仕方において、加熱抵抗は、溶接されるべきプラスチック材料のウェブ間に問題なく挿入することができ、長手方向に容易に移動することができる。
溶接デバイス上に加熱抵抗を固定するには、電極に装着エレメントを設けることが特に有益であることが実証されている。最も簡単な場合、これらは、電極の貫通孔からなってもよい。この仕方においては、別個の装着エレメントを必要とせず、電気加熱素子の製造プロセスを簡単にし、より高い機械的摩耗耐性をもたらす。
以下、図面に示す２つの実施形態を参照しながら、本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明のさらなる特徴は、特許請求の範囲及び添付図面と併せた本発明の実施形態の以下の説明によって示される。本発明のいろいろな実施形態において、個々の特徴は、それら自体で又はいくつかの組み合わせで、それぞれ実現することができる。
図１と図２に示す本発明による加熱素子１は、２つの電極２、３、及びその電極２、３に電気的に接続する仕方で接続された加熱抵抗４を備える。加熱抵抗４は、鋭角で収斂して先端７を末端とする上面５と下面６を持つくさび形の外形を有する。
電極２、３は、先端７から遠く離れた加熱抵抗７の領域８に配置され、電気加熱素子１の側面９から水平方向に延びる。それらは、平らで長方形の横断面形状を有し、加熱抵抗４の下面６に垂直で側面９に平行な平面内を走る。電極２、３のリム１０、１１は、上側端部１３、１４に、その厚さ１２の数倍まで加熱抵抗４の上面５を超えて延び、溶接デバイス（図示せず）に加熱素子１を固定するための装着エレメントとしての孔１５、１６を有する。
電気加熱素子１の加熱抵抗４は、平坦な長尺形のくさび形輪郭と、加熱抵抗４がそれから加熱素子１の前方先端７の方向に延びて再び戻る後方エッジ１７を有する導電性のセラミック材料からなる。先端７から遠く離れた後方エッジ１７の領域８において、電極２、３は、加熱抵抗４の端部に雄型の表面−表面の接触で埋設され、加熱抵抗と電気伝導の状態で接続する。
図１は、加熱抵抗４が曲がりくねった屈曲構造の電気加熱素子１を示す。その加熱抵抗４は、加熱素子１の後方エッジ１７から前方先端７まで数回にわたって延びて再び戻る。これに対し、図２は、折り曲げられた加熱抵抗４を持つ加熱素子１を示す。これは、１回折り曲げられ、後方エッジ１７から前方先端７まで延び、再び電気素子１の後方エッジに戻る。加熱抵抗４の上面５と下面６は、好ましくは、均一に平坦であり、即ち、不均一な領域が存在しない。
屈曲構造を有する本発明による加熱抵抗の斜視図を示す。 折れ曲がり構造を有する本発明による加熱抵抗の斜視図を示す。
符号の説明
１ 加熱素子
２ 電極
３ 電極
４ 加熱抵抗
７ 先端
１０ リム
１５ 孔

Claims (5)

  1. 電気加熱素子（１）、とりわけ、電極（２，３）に電圧を印加すると加熱抵抗（４）の長さにそって熱が発生するように２つの電極（２，３）と電極（２，３）の間に配置された加熱抵抗（４）を有し、加熱抵抗（４）は、耐食材料から作成され、上面（５）及び該上面の反対側の下面（６）を有し、加熱抵抗（４）の両面は鋭角で収斂し、かつ加熱抵抗（４）は、導電性材料セラミック材料を用いて形成された、ことを特徴とするホットウェッジフィルム溶接デバイス用の電気加熱素子。
  2. 加熱抵抗（４）が、導電性材料セラミック材料から均質な一体に形成された、請求項１に記載の電気加熱素子。
  3. 加熱抵抗（４）が、金属又は金属合金からなるコア、及びセラミックコーティングを有する、請求項１に記載の電気加熱素子。
  4. 電極（２，３）が、加熱抵抗（４）の先端（７）から遠い領域（８）に、加熱抵抗の面にそって配置された、請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の電気加熱素子。
  5. 電極（２，３）が、加熱抵抗（４）を適所に固定するための装着エレメント（１５，１６）を有する請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の電気加熱素子。
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