JP2009067043A - 切削工具及び切削工具の製造方法 - Google Patents
切削工具及び切削工具の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】表面被覆を形成する層組織(4)が、切削工具(1)の切削エッジ(3)の表面(2)の上に存在し、前記層組織(4)の最外層(41、4100、4101)が、式、[Cr1−xOx]zXaCbNc(ここで、0.05<x<0.75であり、0<z≦1、0≦a<1、0≦b<1、0≦c<1であり、z+a+b+c=1であり、Xは、元素周期表のSi、B、Al、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Sc、Y、La、Th、ランタニド系元素、第IIa族元素からなる化学元素群からの元素である)の組成物から形成されていることを特徴とする切削工具。
【選択図】図4
Description
単に明確にする目的で、ここでもう一度、ランタニド系は、化学元素、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、及びLuを含み、元素周期表の第IIa族は、化学元素、Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、及びRaを含むことを述べておく。
真空被覆室をアーク蒸着源を用いて使用できるようにし、被覆室の回転可能な基体保持器上に切削工具(1)を置く。次に被覆室内を高真空にし、輻射線加熱器により温度を400℃へ1時間上昇させる。これに関し、切削工具の表面をArイオンにより30分間イオンクリーニングに掛ける。次に切削工具の表面に800Vのバイアス電圧でCrイオンを2分間衝突させる。次に100Vのバイアス電圧を用いてアーク蒸着により切削工具の表面に結合層として100nm厚のCr部分層を蒸着する。アーク蒸着によりCr結合層の上にCrN部分層の蒸着を行うため、窒素ガスを導入し、バイアス電圧を60Vに調節する。このCrN傾斜部分層の蒸着中、窒素分圧を0.1Paから2Paへ直線的に上昇させ、CrN傾斜部分層の層厚さを2μmに到達させる。次に1:4の窒素:酸素の混合比で酸素を導入し、アーク蒸着により最外CrNO表面層の蒸着を行わせる。
Claims (14)
- 木材又は木材系材料、特に木材複合材料、又はプラスチックを機械加工するための切削工具であって、表面被覆を形成するための層組織(4)が、切削工具の切削エッジ(3)の表面(2)の上に存在する切削工具において、層組織(4)の最外表面層(41、4100、4101)が、式、[Cr1−xOx]zXaCbNc(ここで、0.05<x<0.75であり、0<z≦1、0≦a<1、0≦b<1、0≦c<1であり、z+a+b+c=1であり、Xは、元素周期表のSi、B、Al、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Sc、Y、La、Th、ランタニド系元素、第IIa族元素からなる化学元素群からの元素である)の組成物から形成されていることを特徴とする切削工具。
- 酸化クロム基[Cr1−xOx]zが化学量論的酸化クロムであり、特にCrO2又はCrO3であり、特に好ましくはCr2O3であり、或は酸化クロム基[Cr1−xOx]zが、化学量論的比率に満たない酸化クロム、即ち、非化学量論的酸化クロム、特に酸素含有量が高いか又は低い酸化クロムである、請求項1に記載の切削工具。
- a=0及び/又はb=0及び/又はc=0である、請求項1又は2に記載の切削工具。
- 層組織(4)が、付加的に、CrN部分層(42)及び/又はCrN傾斜部分層(421)及び/又はCr部分層(43)及び/又はCrO部分層及び/又はCrCO部分層及び/又は[Cr1−xOx]zXaCbNc部分層を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- Cr部分層(43)が、切削エッジ(3)の表面(2)に直接結合層として与えられている、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 層組織(4)が、切削エッヂ(3)の表面(2)の上に互いに重ねて配列された少なくとも二つの部分層組織(400)、特に二つの同様な部分層組織(400)を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 部分層組織(400)が、Cr部分層(43)、CrXNC部分層(42、4200)、及び[Cr1−xOx]zXaCbNc部分層(41、4100、4101)の三つの部分層を、前記Cr部分層(43)が夫々切削エッジ(3)の表面(2)に直ぐ隣接し、[Cr1−xOx]zXaCbNc部分層(41、4100、4101)が夫々最外表面層(41、4100、4101)に夫々直ぐ隣接しているような仕方で、互いに連なった層連続体として含んでいる、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 部分層(41、42、43、421、4100、4200)の層厚さ(d)が、0.05μm〜5μm、特に0.1μm〜3μm、特に0.2μm〜2.5μm、好ましくは1.5μm〜2.5μmである、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 層組織(4)の全厚さ(D)が、0.01μm〜50μm、又は0.5μm〜5μm、特に1μm〜4μm、好ましくは2μm〜3μmである、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 部分層(41、42、43、421、4100、4200)の硬度が、1000HV.01〜3000HV.01、特に1500HV0.1〜2500HV0.1、好ましくは2000±300HV0.1である、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 部分層(41、42、421、4100、4200)の残留応力が、0.1GPa〜5GPa、特に0.3GPa〜3GPa、好ましくは0.5GPa〜2GPaである、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 切削工具が、鋸、ナイフ、かんな、のみ、蟻差し形成機、丸太鋸、床板鋸、成形部品カッター、型形成カッター、であり、特に回転切削工具である、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 切削工具(1)をPVD法、特にアーク蒸着法を用いて被覆する、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具(1)の製造方法。
- − 真空被覆室をアーク蒸着源を用いて使用できるようにする工程;
− 被覆室の回転可能な基体保持器上に切削工具(1)を置く工程;
− 被覆室内を高真空にする工程;
− 輻射線加熱器により温度を400℃へ1時間上昇させる工程;
− 切削工具(1)の表面(2)をArイオンにより30分間イオンクリーニングする工程;
− 表面(2)に800Vのバイアス電圧でCrイオンを2分間衝突させる工程;
− 100Vのバイアス電圧を用いてアーク蒸着により切削工具(1)の表面(2)に結合層として100nm厚のCr部分層(43)を蒸着する工程;
− 窒素ガスを導入し、バイアス電圧を60Vに調節する工程;
− アーク蒸着によりCr結合層(43)の上にCrN傾斜部分層(421)を蒸着し、然も、前記CrN傾斜部分層(421)の層厚さ(d)が2μmに到達するまでの前記CrN傾斜部分層の蒸着中、窒素分圧を0.1Paから2Paへ直線的に上昇させる工程;
− 1:4の窒素:酸素の混合比で酸素を導入する工程;
− アーク蒸着により最外CrNO表面層(41)の蒸着を行う工程;
を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
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