JP2008192461A - 燃料電池およびこれを備えた電子機器 - Google Patents
燃料電池およびこれを備えた電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008192461A JP2008192461A JP2007025833A JP2007025833A JP2008192461A JP 2008192461 A JP2008192461 A JP 2008192461A JP 2007025833 A JP2007025833 A JP 2007025833A JP 2007025833 A JP2007025833 A JP 2007025833A JP 2008192461 A JP2008192461 A JP 2008192461A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 247
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 57
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- -1 Hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000368 destabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】酸化剤極側外装部材22の外側に断熱層40を設ける。断熱層40の酸化剤極12側の面40Aは、酸化剤極12の発熱により温度が高くなる。反対側の面40Bは、酸化剤極12から離れており、かつ材料の熱抵抗率が高いので、その温度は酸化剤極12側の面40Aよりも低くなり、断熱層40の厚み方向に温度差が生じる。酸化剤極12で生成した水は、酸化剤極12の発熱により気化して水蒸気となり、気化熱として熱を奪うことで発電体10の発熱を抑制する。生成した水蒸気は、断熱層40内の温度差により結露する。この水は、発電体10の発熱により再び気化する。このサイクルにより燃料電池1Aの発熱および水分が適切に管理され、動作の安定性が高まる。貫通孔41に保水層を設け、断熱層40内で結露した水を、確実に燃料電池1A内に押し戻す。
【選択図】図1
Description
燃料極:CH3 OH+H2 O→CO2 +6e- +6H+
酸化剤極:(3/2)O2 +6e- +6H+ →3H2 O
DMFC全体:CH3 OH+(3/2)O2 →CO2 +2H2 O
図1は本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る燃料電池を有する電子機器の概略構成を表すものである。この電子機器は、例えば、携帯電話やPDA(Personal Digital Assistant;個人用携帯情報機器)などのモバイル機器、またはノート型PC(Personal Computer )であり、燃料電池1Aと、この燃料電池1Aで発電される電気エネルギーにより駆動される外部回路(負荷)2とを備えている。
図6は、本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る燃料電池1Bの構成を表すものである。この燃料電池1Bは、断熱層40を、酸化剤極側外装部材22と酸化剤極12、具体的には酸化剤極集電体12Cとの間に配置したことを除いては、第1の実施の形態で説明した燃料電池1Aと同一の構成および作用を有し、同様にして製造することができる。
図7は、本発明の第3の実施の形態に係る燃料電池1Cの構成を表すものである。この燃料電池1Cは、断熱層40を設けず、酸化剤極側外装部材22を、断熱性を有する材料により構成したことをを除いては、第1の実施の形態で説明した燃料電池1Aと同一の構成を有している。よって、対応する構成要素には同一の符号を付して説明する。
Claims (7)
- 燃料極と酸化剤極とが電解質を間にして対向配置された発電体を、燃料極側外装部材と酸化剤極側外装部材との間に収容した燃料電池であって、
前記酸化剤極側外装部材と前記酸化剤極との間、および前記酸化剤極側外装部材の外側のうち少なくとも一方に、断熱層を備えた
ことを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 前記酸化剤極は集電体を有し、前記断熱層は、前記酸化剤極側外装部材と前記酸化剤極の集電体との間に設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料電池。 - 前記断熱層は貫通孔を有し、前記貫通孔内に保水層が設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料電池。 - 燃料極と酸化剤極とが電解質を間にして対向配置された発電体を、燃料極側外装部材と酸化剤極側外装部材との間に収容した燃料電池であって、
前記酸化剤極側外装部材は、断熱性を有する材料により構成されている
ことを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 前記酸化剤極側外装部材は貫通孔を有し、前記貫通孔内に保水層が設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項4記載の燃料電池。 - 燃料極と酸化剤極とが電解質を間にして対向配置された発電体を、燃料極側外装部材と酸化剤極側外装部材との間に収容した燃料電池を備えた電子機器であって、
前記酸化剤極側外装部材と前記酸化剤極との間、および前記酸化剤極側外装部材の外側のうち少なくとも一方に、断熱層を備えた
ことを特徴とする電子機器。 - 燃料極と酸化剤極とが電解質を間にして対向配置された発電体を、燃料極側外装部材と酸化剤極側外装部材との間に収容した燃料電池を備えた電子機器であって、
前記酸化剤極側外装部材は、断熱性を有する材料により構成されている
ことを特徴とする電子機器。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007025833A JP5207019B2 (ja) | 2007-02-05 | 2007-02-05 | 固体高分子型燃料電池およびこれを備えた電子機器 |
PCT/JP2008/051635 WO2008096669A1 (ja) | 2007-02-05 | 2008-02-01 | 燃料電池およびこれを備えた電子機器 |
US12/524,404 US20100098985A1 (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2008-02-01 | Fuel cell and electronic device including the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007025833A JP5207019B2 (ja) | 2007-02-05 | 2007-02-05 | 固体高分子型燃料電池およびこれを備えた電子機器 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2008192461A true JP2008192461A (ja) | 2008-08-21 |
JP5207019B2 JP5207019B2 (ja) | 2013-06-12 |
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JP2007025833A Expired - Fee Related JP5207019B2 (ja) | 2007-02-05 | 2007-02-05 | 固体高分子型燃料電池およびこれを備えた電子機器 |
Country Status (3)
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---|---|
US (1) | US20100098985A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5207019B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008096669A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010044415A1 (ja) * | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-22 | ソニー株式会社 | 燃料電池および電子機器 |
JP2014086207A (ja) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-05-12 | Fujikura Ltd | 直接メタノール燃料電池 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010244791A (ja) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-28 | Panasonic Corp | 直接メタノール型燃料電池 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5207019B2 (ja) | 2013-06-12 |
US20100098985A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
WO2008096669A1 (ja) | 2008-08-14 |
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