JP2008084704A - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008084704A JP2008084704A JP2006263724A JP2006263724A JP2008084704A JP 2008084704 A JP2008084704 A JP 2008084704A JP 2006263724 A JP2006263724 A JP 2006263724A JP 2006263724 A JP2006263724 A JP 2006263724A JP 2008084704 A JP2008084704 A JP 2008084704A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
- H01M8/04589—Current of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04791—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04798—Concentration; Density of fuel cell reactants
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04895—Current
- H01M8/04917—Current of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
燃料電池システムを頻繁に起動停止する運転方法では、水素ラインの水素をパージして外部に放出させる回数が増加するため、発電に使用することのできない水素ロスが増加し、発電効率が低減していた。さらに水素を外部に放出させることによる、周囲環境の安全性低下の懸念も生じていた。
【解決手段】
燃料電池システムの停止状態として、水素ラインに水素が残留したままで停止する第一段階停止状態と、水素ラインを空気で置換する第二段階停止状態を有し、第二段階停止状態へは、第一段階停止状態を経由して移行する燃料電池システムを提案した。
【選択図】図1
Description
(OCV)を示し、発電中よりも電圧が高くなる。この状態は電池内の触媒や電解質の劣化を促進させるので、長時間放置させるのは好ましくない。よって電池電圧を低下させる方法として、水素ラインに空気を導入して、水素極の電位を空気極の電位と同程度まで上昇させ、電池電圧としてはゼロに近づける方法がある。この場合、OCV状態による触媒や電解質の劣化はほとんど生じない。
実施例のシステム構成図を図1に示す。パーフオロカーボンスルホン酸系の電解質膜と、白金粒子をカーボン担体に担持させた触媒を主成分とする電極とを一体化した電極電解質膜を中心として、その表裏面にポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を表面に分散させ撥水性を制御したカーボンペーパーであるカソード拡散層,アノード拡散層を配置し、さらに金属セパレータをその両側に配置して、発電セルの基本構成と成した。本発電セルを120セルおよび冷却水を流通させ電池温度を下げるための冷却セルを60セル組み合わせることにより、燃料電池スタック1を作製した。
2 水素入口バルブ
3 水素出口バルブ
4 水素圧力センサ
5 空気入口バルブ
6 空気圧力センサ
7 温度センサ
8 負荷
9 小型調節用負荷
10 水素ポンプ
11 水素パージバルブ
12 エア導入バルブ
20 制御部
Claims (3)
- 燃料電池と、燃料電池に水素を供給および排出する水素ラインと、水素ラインの燃料電池入口部に設けた水素入口バルブと、水素ラインの燃料電池出口部に設けた水素出口バルブと、水素ラインの燃料電池入口部に設けた水素圧力センサと、燃料電池の空気を供給および排出する空気ラインと、空気ラインの燃料電池入口部に設けた空気入口バルブと、空気ラインの燃料電池入口部に設けた空気圧力センサと、燃料電池の温度を計測する温度センサと、燃料電池の出力ラインに接続されている負荷および小型調節用負荷と、センサ,バルブなどの補機類の動作、および負荷へ流れる電流量を制御する制御部を備え、燃料電池システムの停止状態として、水素ラインに水素が残留したままで停止する第一段階停止状態と、水素ラインを空気で置換する第二段階停止状態を有し、第二段階停止状態へは、第一段階停止状態を経由して移行することを特徴とする燃料電池システム。
- 第一段階停止状態へ移行してからの時間,電池電圧,電池内ガス圧力,電池温度が設定値を超過したときに制御部が判断し、第一段階から第二段階へ停止状態を移行することを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料電池システム。
- 起動時において水素ラインの水素濃度を高めるための水素パージを実施するか否かは、停止段階,電池電圧,経過時間,電池内圧力により判断することを特徴とする請求項1および2記載の燃料電池システム。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006263724A JP5338023B2 (ja) | 2006-09-28 | 2006-09-28 | 燃料電池システム |
US11/698,110 US20080081235A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2007-01-26 | Fuel cell system |
US13/613,336 US20130004869A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2012-09-13 | Fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006263724A JP5338023B2 (ja) | 2006-09-28 | 2006-09-28 | 燃料電池システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008084704A true JP2008084704A (ja) | 2008-04-10 |
JP5338023B2 JP5338023B2 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
Family
ID=39261513
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006263724A Expired - Fee Related JP5338023B2 (ja) | 2006-09-28 | 2006-09-28 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20080081235A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5338023B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2226879B1 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2014-05-14 | Electro Power Systems S.p.A. | A method for starting up a back-up fuel cell electric generator comprising a compact manifold body |
JP5509655B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-31 | 2014-06-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びこれを備えた車両 |
KR101592682B1 (ko) | 2014-04-10 | 2016-02-15 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료 전지 스택 제어 방법 |
KR101646403B1 (ko) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-08-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 시스템의 제어 방법 |
US9461633B1 (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-10-04 | Inphi Corporation | Dual mode latch circuit |
FR3061805B1 (fr) | 2017-01-09 | 2019-05-24 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procede et dispositif d’observation d’un etat d’un systeme electrochimique a pile a combustible |
JP6809401B2 (ja) * | 2017-07-12 | 2021-01-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10284104A (ja) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-23 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池の起動方法 |
JP2004521447A (ja) * | 2001-01-25 | 2004-07-15 | ユーティーシー フューエル セルズ,エルエルシー | アノード排気再循環ループを有する燃料電池装置の停止方法 |
JP2004311344A (ja) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-11-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
WO2005043663A1 (ja) * | 2003-11-04 | 2005-05-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | 燃料電池システムおよび移動体 |
JP2005302304A (ja) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-10-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2006172844A (ja) * | 2004-12-15 | 2006-06-29 | Equos Research Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020076583A1 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-06-20 | Reiser Carl A. | Procedure for shutting down a fuel cell system using air purge |
US7799475B2 (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2010-09-21 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Method of using H2 purge for stack startup/shutdown to improve stack durability |
JP2006079892A (ja) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-03-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
-
2006
- 2006-09-28 JP JP2006263724A patent/JP5338023B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-01-26 US US11/698,110 patent/US20080081235A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2012
- 2012-09-13 US US13/613,336 patent/US20130004869A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10284104A (ja) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-23 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池の起動方法 |
JP2004521447A (ja) * | 2001-01-25 | 2004-07-15 | ユーティーシー フューエル セルズ,エルエルシー | アノード排気再循環ループを有する燃料電池装置の停止方法 |
JP2004311344A (ja) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-11-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
WO2005043663A1 (ja) * | 2003-11-04 | 2005-05-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | 燃料電池システムおよび移動体 |
JP2005302304A (ja) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-10-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2006172844A (ja) * | 2004-12-15 | 2006-06-29 | Equos Research Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130004869A1 (en) | 2013-01-03 |
US20080081235A1 (en) | 2008-04-03 |
JP5338023B2 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
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