JP2008017795A - Liquid mixture feed and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide liquid mixture feed stably dissolved in a solution even when adding calcium carbonate having hardly water-soluble property while being inexpensive and having high content of calcium, and excellently palatable for livestock: and to provide a method for producing the feed. <P>SOLUTION: The liquid mixture feed is obtained by dissolving calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide or sodium bicarbonate in brewed vinegar. The method for producing the liquid mixture feed comprises a process of charging the calcium carbonate, and the magnesium oxide or the sodium bicarbonate into the brewed vinegar, and heating the mixture so as to be dissolved, and a process of cooling the solution to room temperature followed by charging fruit extract liquid in the solution so as to be dissolved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid mixed feed and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, the prevention of calving disorders mainly due to calving of dairy cows or beef cattle and hypocalcaemia caused by the accompanying lactating activity. The present invention relates to a liquid mixed feed in which calcium is blended in a form that can be efficiently and quickly performed while enhancing physiological action, and a method for producing the same.

  In recent years, especially in the dairy industry, genetic improvement has progressed and milk production has been increasing year by year. However, it is not sufficient to improve delivery problems mainly due to hypocalcemia caused by parturition and accompanying lactation. Therefore, it is important in the dairy industry to establish a breakthrough prevention method for birth defects, and various prevention methods have been applied to date.

  It is said that dairy cows start to decrease blood calcium concentration especially from the day before delivery due to the production of colostrum accompanying parturition, and rapidly decrease to about 3 hours after parturition. With colostrum production, 8-10 times the amount of calcium in the body's blood is required, so it will be urgently mobilized from bone accumulated calcium, etc. This mobilization is not in time, and causes labor problems such as inability to stand up, mainly hypocalcemia. Therefore, it was important to replenish calcium sources that could be dealt with more quickly and immediately.

Two different hormones, “calcitonin” and “parathyroid hormone (paratolmon)” are involved in bovine calcium metabolism and maintain homeostasis. Calcitonin works to suppress the release of calcium from bone and maintain the blood concentration when the blood calcium concentration increases. Paratormon, on the other hand, works reversibly with calcitonin, acts when blood calcium levels drop, and works to maintain blood levels by stimulating calcium release from bone. Partormon is also said to act on the metabolism of 1.25 dihydroxy vitamin D ₃ , an active metabolite of vitamin D. This 1.25 dihydroxy vitamin D ₃ is said to promote the formation of a special calcium binding protein in the small intestinal mucosa. This special calcium-binding protein activates transport as calcium passes through the intestinal mucosa, resulting in significantly improved calcium absorption in the feed.

  In relation to the above matters, in the dairy industry, it is important to adjust the DCAD (dietary cation-anion difference) balance in the feed as a feeding management technique in the dry period, particularly in the close-up period. DCAD is a potential difference between a cation and an anion in feed, and generally K (potassium), Na (sodium), Ca (calcium), Mg (magnesium), etc. In the anion, Cl (chlorine) and S (sulfur) are used and represented by the following formula.

＊Ｎａ，Ｋ，Ｃｌ，Ｓ（％）は、飼料乾物中の各元素の重量％である。

* Na, K, Cl, and S (%) are the weight percentages of each element in the dry food.

  It is said that the blood pH is inclined to the acidic side by feeding a feed in which DCAD is negatively adjusted during the close-up period. A slight metabolic acidosis in this way helps the hormone and paratormon to function properly, and can reduce the incidence of postpartum hypocalcemia in the cow's natural physiology. . However, in an actual dairy field, it is very difficult to feed a feed that has been appropriately DCAD adjusted.

As a method for preventing hypocalcemia, intravenous injection of vitamin D ₃ before and after delivery, subcutaneous injection, feeding of calcium salt, and the like are performed. Vitamin D ₃ injections are given by veterinarians, and the main measure for farmers is to dissolve calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate in water immediately after delivery. In recent years, there is a liquid feed in which a mineral salt such as calcium is mixed, and the supply of existing liquid feed is also increasing from the viewpoint of workability.

  However, even in existing liquid feeds, calcium carbonate and calcium phosphates are poorly soluble, and existing liquid feeds made from these as the main raw materials have many precipitation parts and must be stirred and dispersed when fed. Still, there is a problem that there are many parts that are lost. Therefore, liquid mixed feed (Patent Document 1) in which a fruit extract is blended with calcium carbonate and liquid mixed feed (Patent Document 2) in which an organic acid such as gluconic acid or malic acid and sodium chloride are mixed have been developed. By adding a fruit extract or organic acid and sodium chloride, the solubility of sparingly soluble calcium carbonate can be increased.

In addition, regarding the supply of calcium phosphate or the supply of liquid feed using it as the main ingredient, there are reports that contradict the purpose of rapid calcium supplementation. Phosphorus is superior in the absorption rate of calcium and phosphorus from the intestinal wall, and as a result, the concentration of phosphorus in the blood rises first when calcium phosphate is fed. When the blood phosphorus level increases, physiological synthesis in the kidney that synthesizes the active metabolite 1.25 dihydroxyl vitamin D ₃ of vitamin D that promotes calcium absorption in the intestinal wall is suppressed. Therefore, the absorption of calcium from the intestinal wall is also suppressed, and as a result, there is a tendency that blood high phosphorus and low calcium tend to be observed.

Among various research reports, there is a report that feeding calcium salts having high solubility in water, particularly calcium chloride, calcium gluconate, calcium lactate, etc., is effective for preventing hypocalcemia. The calcium chloride of these calcium salts is very excellent in solubility and has a high calcium content, so although it is an excellent calcium salt, it has been reported to be effective, but to the rumen mucosa of chloride. There was also a report that the irritation was strongly adverse, and there was a tendency to refrain from feeding calcium chloride etc. on site. In addition, organic acid calcium salts such as calcium gluconate and calcium lactate are not very irritating and easy to feed compared to calcium chloride, but the calcium content is not so high and the product unit price is generally high. Difficult to use.
JP 2002-262882 A JP 2005-176604 A

  There is a report that passive absorption of minerals from the intestinal wall of cattle is performed in an ionized state, and if it is in an ionized state, it is passively absorbed from the lumen wall. Immediately after delivery, blood calcium concentration decreases rapidly due to colostrum production. Therefore, it is important how quickly calcium can be replenished, that is, how the calcium source can be fed in an ionized state.

  Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention can be stably dissolved in a solution even if calcium carbonate, which is inexpensive and has a high calcium content but is poorly water-soluble, can be stably dissolved in the solution, and the palatability of livestock is also high. An object is to provide an excellent liquid mixed feed and a method for producing the same.

  In order to achieve the above object, the liquid mixed feed according to the present invention is characterized in that calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide or sodium bicarbonate are dissolved in brewed vinegar. The acidity of the brewed vinegar is 3-15%, the concentration of the brewed vinegar is 20-95% (w / v), the concentration of the calcium carbonate is 1-11.875% (w / v), and the oxidation The concentration of magnesium is preferably 0.5 to 10% (w / v) or the concentration of sodium hydrogen carbonate is preferably 0.2 to 2.0% (w / v). Also, 0.1-30% (w / v) calcium lactate, 0.1-2.0% (w / v) lactose or glucose, 0.01-5.0% (w / v) Organic acid excluding acetic acid or 1-20% (w / v) fruit extract, 5.0-20.0% (w / v) sodium chloride, 1.0-20.0% (w / v) It is preferable that v) monohydric alcohol is further dissolved.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a liquid mixed feed, the step of adding calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide or sodium bicarbonate to brewed vinegar and heating to dissolve the solution, and the solution at room temperature. And further cooling the fruit extract and dissolving it. The method further includes a step of sterilizing the solution at 80 to 100 ° C. after adding the fruit extract and dissolving the solution, and a step of adding and dissolving the monohydric alcohol after the sterilization. preferable.

  The liquid mixed feed according to the present invention can stably dissolve calcium carbonate, which hardly dissolves in water, by blending brewed vinegar. In addition, when brewed vinegar is blended, acetic acid-stimulated odor is generated in the feed and there is a problem in terms of livestock preference. However, by adding sodium bicarbonate or magnesium oxide, this acetic acid-stimulated odor can be eliminated. . Furthermore, by using calcium carbonate as a main calcium source, a product having a high calcium ion content can be advantageously provided in terms of cost. And, as a liquid feed with a new combination that solves the problems of conventional methods for preventing disabilities at birth and has a physiological effect on the animals in brewed vinegar, it can be used quickly as a method for preventing disabilities at the time of delivery of dairy and beef cattle Can provide a feed particularly excellent in solubility and solubility.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment. First, the liquid mixed feed will be described. The liquid mixed feed in the present embodiment is characterized in that calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide or sodium bicarbonate are dissolved in brewed vinegar.

  The brewed vinegar is (1) moromi made from cereals (including processed products such as sake lees) or fruits (including processed products such as fruit juice and fruit liquor), or those obtained by adding alcohol or sugar to these. (2) A liquid obtained by acetic acid fermentation of alcohol, a saccharified cereal or a fruit added thereto, or (3) a liquid obtained by mixing these.

  Grain vinegar, fruit vinegar, and alcohol vinegar can be used as the brewed vinegar. As grain vinegar, rice vinegar, brown rice vinegar, barley vinegar, sake lees vinegar, etc. can be used, for example. As fruit vinegar, for example, apple vinegar or grape vinegar can be used. Moreover, these various brewing vinegars can be mixed and used.

  As brewing vinegar, those having an acidity (acetic acid equivalent concentration) of about 5% are common, but those having 3 to 15% are available. Of these, those containing acetic acid at a high concentration (for example, acidity of 10 to 15%) are preferably used. In this specification, the acidity is the concentration of total organic acid contained in the liquid, and means the acetic acid equivalent concentration (%) calculated assuming that all organic acids are acetic acid. Measured by neutralization titration. The organic acid in brewed vinegar is mostly acetic acid, but also contains citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and the like.

  It is preferable that 20 to 95% (w / v) brewed vinegar is blended in the liquid mixed feed. At that time, since the acidity of the brewed vinegar is 3 to 15%, the acidity of the liquid mixed feed obtained is 0.6 to 14.25%. A more preferable blending ratio of brewed vinegar is 50 to 90% (w / v).

  Acetic acid and other organic acids contained in brewed vinegar can be expected to increase saliva secretion due to their acidity. As the amount of saliva secreted increases, the amount of bicarbonate ions contained in saliva into the lumen also increases. Bicarbonate ions serve as a buffer and are involved in maintaining the homeostasis of rumen pH. By increasing the inflow of bicarbonate ions, the effect of maintaining rumen homeostasis is enhanced, and stabilization of rumen homeostasis leads to stabilization of the rumen microbial flora and thus stabilization of the rumen mucosa.

  In addition, acetic acid and other organic acids contained in brewed vinegar are involved in energy production in the body and become one of the raw fuels for the citric acid circuit. While the functions of various organs are reduced due to the great burden of labor, the decrease in the function of the liver, which is the largest organ, has a major impact on dairy cows. Ruminants ferment all the carbohydrates in the feed to make VFA (volatile fatty acid) and use it as an energy source and a raw material for milk components, and glucose is synthesized by a gluconeogenesis circuit. The gluconeogenic pathway, which is mainly performed in the liver, is performed using rumen fermentation products such as propionic acid, amino acids, and body fat-derived amino acids as raw materials. This is the reverse reaction. By supplying acetic acid and other organic acids to the pathway, it can be expected that the gluconeogenic pathway for glucose acquisition will be activated, and a significant effect on the prevention of diseases before and after labor can be expected.

  Calcium carbonate is usually poorly soluble in water, but dissolves stably in brewed vinegar. Thereby, it can supply in the state which ionized the calcium carbonate which is cheap and has high calcium content. The concentration of calcium carbonate in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 1 to 11.875% (w / v), more preferably 6.25 to 11.25% (w / v). Thereby, it reacts with the acetic acid contained in the brewing vinegar of the said mixture ratio by an equivalent.

  Magnesium oxide or sodium bicarbonate reduces the acetic acid irritating odor of brewed vinegar. This is due to the fact that the concentration of free acetic acid remaining in the solution of calcium carbonate dissolved in brewed vinegar decreases as the pH of the solution increases. As a result, handling becomes easier and it is possible to increase the preference for livestock of the liquid mixed feed. Magnesium oxide and sodium bicarbonate are also nutrients for livestock.

  The concentration of magnesium oxide in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 0.5 to 10% (w / v), and more preferably 1 to 5% (w / v). Moreover, the concentration of sodium bicarbonate in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 0.2 to 2% (w / v), and more preferably 0.5 to 1% (w / v). Thereby, an acetic acid stimulation odor can be neutralized effectively.

  Moreover, the liquid mixed feed of this invention can contain the following arbitrary components other than the essential component mentioned above.

  In addition to the above calcium carbonate, calcium lactate can be added as a calcium supply source. The concentration of calcium lactate in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 0.1 to 30% (w / v), and more preferably 0.1 to 5% (w / v).

  In addition to the above magnesium oxide or sodium hydrogen carbonate, sugars such as disaccharides such as lactose or monosaccharides such as glucose can be added to add sweetness to the liquid mixed feed to further improve the taste of the livestock. . The concentration of lactose or glucose in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 0.1 to 2.0% (w / v), and more preferably 0.5 to 1.5% (w / v).

  In addition to the brewed vinegar, an organic acid other than acetic acid or a fruit extract containing these organic acids can be added to further promote metabolism. As the organic acid excluding acetic acid, malic acid, citric acid and gluconic acid are preferable. Malic acid and citric acid are abundant in fruit extracts. Moreover, a lot of gluconic acid is contained in honey.

  The fruit extract includes juice obtained by squeezing juicy fruits, in addition to an extract obtained by subjecting fruits (including fruit skin) to extraction with salt. When extracted with salt, the salt concentration may be reduced by desalting. As the fruit, citrus fruits such as mandarin orange and lemon, plums and grapes are preferable.

  The reason why citrus fruits are preferable is that polyphenols contained in a large amount can also be replenished. These organic acids, like acetic acid, promote saliva secretion and supply citric acid, malic acid and the like to the citric acid cycle. Furthermore, gluconic acid can be expected as a prebiotic material to improve physical condition due to an intestinal regulating effect.

  The concentration of gluconic acid in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 0.1 to 5% (w / v), more preferably 1 to 3% (w / v). The concentration of malic acid in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 0.01 to 1% (w / v), more preferably 0.05 to 0.1% (w / v). The concentration of the fruit extract in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 1 to 20% (w / v), more preferably 1.5 to 3% (w / v).

  Monohydric alcohol, sodium chloride (sodium chloride), or both can be added to the liquid mixed feed to improve quality stability. Monohydric alcohol can be expected to improve palatability in addition to improving quality stability. As the monohydric alcohol, ethyl alcohol is preferable. In addition, when adding monohydric alcohol, the alcohol concentration solution whose alcohol concentration is 50-100%, More preferably, 70-100% can be used, for example, alcohol for feed can be used. It is also preferable to use alcoholic beverages such as beer and shochu from the viewpoint of appetite enhancement of dairy cows.

  In addition, monohydric alcohol has the effect of stabilizing the quality of liquid mixed feed, that is, preventing the occurrence of mold, suppressing the change of liquid viscosity due to temperature change, and also freezing and coagulation of products at low temperatures. is there. The concentration of monohydric alcohol in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 1 to 20% (w / v), more preferably 2 to 15% (w / v). The feed of the present invention is only for the purpose of more efficient and quick replenishment of minerals at the time of delivery, so the concentration of monohydric alcohol is preferably 20% (w / v) or less. Moreover, 5-20% (w / v) is preferable and the density | concentration of the salt in liquid mixed feed has more preferable 8-15% (w / v).

  Flavor can be added to the liquid mixed feed in order to mask a slight remaining acetic acid odor. As the flavor, it is preferable to use a flavoring agent for feed, and it is more preferable to use a flavoring agent containing vanillin. It is effective to add the flavor after reducing the free acetic acid concentration with magnesium oxide or sodium bicarbonate. The concentration of flavor in the liquid mixed feed is preferably 0.01 to 0.1% (w / v), more preferably 0.03 to 0.06% (w / v).

  Next, an embodiment of a method for producing a liquid mixed feed according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of a method for producing a liquid mixed feed according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the first mixing and dissolving step (1), first, brewed vinegar at room temperature is charged into the mixing container 10 as the component A. Further, calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide or sodium hydrogen carbonate are introduced into the mixing container 10 as the B component. Next, while stirring the mixed solution in the container by the stirrer 3 provided in the mixing container 10, in the heating step (2), the tubes provided in the mixing container 10 through which the steam passes are arranged in a spiral shape. The mixed solution in the mixing container 10 is heated by the heated heater 2. Thereby, dissolution of each of the above-described components, particularly poorly water-soluble calcium carbonate, can be promoted. The heating temperature at this time is preferably 60 to 80 ° C. Dissolve until the solution in the mixing vessel 10 becomes transparent.

  In addition, when mix | blending organic acids, such as gluconic acid and malic acid, as needed, it is preferable to introduce | transduce as A component at a 1st mixing dissolution process (1). By introducing an organic acid in this step, dissolution of calcium carbonate can be promoted. Gluconic acid is preferably added in a 50% concentration solution. Moreover, when adding calcium salts other than carbonates, such as calcium lactate, as needed, it mix | blends as B component.

  Next, when a carbohydrate such as glucose or lactose is blended as necessary, it is introduced into the mixing container 10 as the C component in the second mixing and dissolving step (3) after the heating step (2). Moreover, when mix | blending salt as needed, it inputs similarly as C component. C component is added and dissolved by stirring until it becomes transparent, and then the solution is cooled to room temperature by natural cooling.

  Here, when a precipitate is generated in the cooled solution, the precipitate is filtered and removed by the filter press 20. The removed precipitate (mainly calcium carbonate) is obtained as a dehydrated cake and can be reused.

  Furthermore, when mix | blending fruit extracts, such as a plum fruit extract (plum vinegar), monohydric alcohol, and a flavor as needed, in a 3rd mixing melt | dissolution process (4), as a D component, after standing to cool Charge to mixing vessel 10. Finally, water is added to make a mixed solution of a predetermined volume.

  In the case of sterilizing the mixed solution, it is preferable to add the fruit extract before sterilization and the monohydric alcohol after sterilization among the D components. For sterilization, the mixed solution may be heated by the heater 2 (not shown in the third mixing and dissolving step) provided in the mixing container 10. Heating is preferably performed at about 80 to 100 ° C. for 20 to 40 minutes. On the other hand, when not performing a sterilization process, all D components can be thrown in simultaneously. In addition, you may add organic acids, such as gluconic acid and malic acid, with a fruit extract as a D component at this process.

  The mixed solution obtained as described above is passed through the cartridge filter 30 from the mixing container 10 through a pipe having a pump in the filtration step (5). Thereby, the insoluble component etc. in a solution can be removed. The filtered solution is filled into the product container 40 in a liquid state in the filling step (6).

  In addition, the calcium ion concentration in the solution of calcium carbonate and other calcium salts in the mixing and dissolving process is suitable for maintaining the product stability in terms of the amount of calcium suitable for feeding to livestock and the formulation supply amount. From the viewpoint of concentration, it is usually 3 to 5% (w / v), preferably 3.5 to 4.5% (w / v).

  A liquid mixed feed was prepared by the following procedure. In a 100 liter tank with stirring means, 90 liters of brewed vinegar (acidity 15%) at room temperature is added, and 0.5 kg of gluconic acid (50% concentration solution), 0.05 kg of malic acid, 10 kg of calcium carbonate, lactic acid After adding 0.1 kg of calcium and 8 kg of magnesium chloride and stirring and mixing, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. and further stirring and mixing to dissolve. In addition, 1 kg of glucose, 1 kg of lactose, and 10 kg of sodium chloride were put into this tank, dissolved by stirring and mixing, and then cooled to room temperature by natural cooling.

  Next, 2 kg of ume extract and 4 kg of feed alcohol (ethyl alcohol concentration: about 3%) were added to the tank after being allowed to cool, and dissolved by stirring and mixing. 2 kg of water was added to this solution to make 100 liters, and further passed through a cartridge filter to remove insoluble components in the solution. Then, the solution was placed in a storage tank to obtain the liquid mixed feed of the present invention (sample 1). The liquid mixed feed was allowed to stand in the storage tank for about 1 day at room temperature and then subjected to the following test. In addition, Umeno vinegar (a by-product produced at the time of plum drying, having a concentration of 100% without desalting) was used as the plum extract.

(Evaluation of acetic acid stimulating odor)
In order to evaluate the acetic acid-stimulated odor, the acetic acid concentration volatilized from the liquid mixed feed of Sample 1 obtained as described above was measured with a gas detector tube for acetic acid (manufactured by Gastec Co., Ltd.), and at the same time, the odor Sensory evaluation. As a procedure for measuring the acetic acid concentration, first, 100 mL of feed was put in a container with a capacity of 200 mL, sealed, and left in a 40 ° C. thermostat for 1 hour, and then the acetic acid concentration of gas in the upper 100 mL of the container was measured. These results are shown in Table 1.

※「酢酸刺激臭」は以下の５段階評価をした。
１：酢酸臭を感じない。
２：酢酸臭を少し感じるが気にならない。
３：酢酸臭を感じる。
４：酢酸臭を明らかに感じる。
５：酢酸臭を非常に強く感じる。

* “Acetic acid pungent odor” was evaluated according to the following 5 levels.
1: Does not feel acetic acid odor.
2: I feel a little acetic odor but I don't mind.
3: Feels acetic acid odor.
4: The acetic acid smell is clearly felt.
5: The acetic acid odor is felt very strongly.

  As shown in Table 1, Sample 1 to which 8 kg (8% (w / v)) of magnesium oxide was added had a low acetic acid concentration of 0.6 ppm, and no odor of acetic acid was felt even in sensory evaluation.

  Furthermore, as shown in Table 1, when the amount of magnesium oxide was changed (samples 2 and 3), when sodium hydrogen carbonate was added instead of magnesium oxide (samples 4 to 7), the flavor (vanillin) was changed. In the case of further blending (samples 8 and 9) and in the case of blending neither magnesium oxide nor sodium bicarbonate (sample 10), a liquid mixed feed was prepared in the same manner and the evaluation test was performed.

  As a result, as shown in Table 1, the samples 2 to 7 containing either magnesium oxide or sodium hydrogen carbonate had a low acetic acid concentration of 3 ppm or less, whereas the sensory evaluation only felt an acetic acid odor. Sample 10 in which neither magnesium oxide nor sodium hydrogen carbonate was blended had a high acetic acid concentration of 7 ppm and felt a very strong acetic acid odor. The samples 8 and 9 containing the flavor had the same acetic acid concentration as the samples 2 and 5 having the same amount of the other components, but the acetic acid odor decreased in the sensory evaluation.

(Evaluation of palatability)
A liquid mixed feed was prepared in the same procedure as described above except that glucose, lactose, magnesium oxide, and sodium bicarbonate were formulated as shown in Table 2. These various feeds were fed to livestock and their palatability was investigated. The liquid mixed feed was sprinkled on the solid feed of the same content fed to the dairy cow, and the reaction of the dairy cow during and after the intake of the feed was observed. The results are shown in Table 2.

※「嗜好性評価」は以下の３段階評価をした。
○：特に問題なく飼料を摂取した。
△：飼料を訝しがる様子をみせるが全量摂取した。
×：飼料の臭いを盛んに気にし、飼料を一部残した。

* “Preference evaluation” was evaluated according to the following three levels.
○: The feed was ingested without any particular problem.
Δ: Although all the food was consumed, the whole amount was consumed.
X: The odor of the feed was vigorously concerned and a part of the feed was left.

  As shown in Table 2, in the sample 11 in which none of glucose, lactose, magnesium oxide, and sodium bicarbonate was added, 4 out of 5 dairy cows left the feed, and the palatability was very low. In addition, Samples 12 and 13 containing glucose or lactose showed no significant change, although the palatability was slightly improved. On the other hand, in the samples 14 and 18 containing magnesium oxide or sodium hydrogen carbonate, all the dairy cows consumed the entire amount of feed, and the palatability was greatly improved. Furthermore, in the samples 15 to 17 and 19 to 21 to which any one of glucose, lactose, and flavor was added, there was a tendency that palatability was further improved.

(Evaluation of quality stability)
Since this feed is liquid, when stored at low temperatures, the liquid may freeze or coagulate (gel) over time. When the feed freezes or solidifies, it returns to a liquid state by heating, but the labor during use increases. Therefore, it is desirable that the feed does not freeze or solidify even at low temperatures. In addition, when the specific gravity of the feed is increased or the concentration of dissolved matter is increased, there is an increased possibility that precipitates are generated or solidified due to a vibration load. Furthermore, quality deterioration due to mold generation must be avoided.

  Therefore, in addition to sample 1, samples 22 to 30 in which the composition of each component of the liquid mixed feed was changed as shown in Table 3 were prepared, and the four tests of precipitation generation test, liquid gelation test, mold generation test, and freezing test were prepared. A test was conducted. The results are shown in Table 3. In addition, the precipitation generation | occurrence | production test evaluated the presence or absence of the precipitation generation | occurrence | production during 3 months in a 40 degreeC thermostat, and left to stand at -10 degreeC after that for 3 months. In the liquid gelation test, after standing at −10 ° C. for 3 months, the vibration load was continued for 1 week to evaluate the presence or absence of gelation. The vibration was a load of 120 cycles per minute. The mold generation test was allowed to stand for 3 months in a thermostatic machine at 25 ° C. and checked for mold generation. The freezing test was allowed to stand at −10 ° C. for 3 months to confirm the presence or absence of freezing.

  As shown in Table 3, sample 1 did not generate any precipitation, liquid gelation, mold, or freezing. On the other hand, in Samples 22 and 23 in which the brewing vinegar was reduced to 30 L and 60 L, although gluconic acid was increased, precipitation occurred up to about half the depth of the tank, and the whole gelled. Samples 24 and 25 in which the brewing vinegar was reduced to 55L and 60L, when the slightly soluble calcium carbonate was reduced and the easily soluble calcium lactate was increased, precipitation to a depth of about 1/5 of the tank occurred. Part gelled. Samples 26 and 27 in which the brewing vinegar was reduced to 60 L and 25 L were increased in malic acid, but liquid gelation did not occur, but precipitation to a depth of about 1/5 of the tank occurred. Further, samples 28 and 29 in which feed alcohol was reduced to 1 kg and salt was reduced to 2 kg were moldy and frozen. The sample 30 in which only the alcohol for feed was reduced to 1 kg while leaving the salt as it was, freezing did not occur and only a little mold was generated.

It is the flowchart which showed each process in the manufacturing method of this invention typically.

Explanation of symbols

2 Heater 3 Stirrer 10 Mixing container 20 Filter press 30 Cartridge filter 40 Product container

Claims (5)

  Liquid mixed feed in which calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide or sodium bicarbonate are dissolved in brewed vinegar.   The acidity of the brewed vinegar is 3 to 15%, the concentration of the brewed vinegar is 20 to 95% (w / v), the concentration of the calcium carbonate is 1 to 11.875% (w / v), and the oxidation The liquid mixed feed according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of magnesium is 0.5 to 10% (w / v) or the concentration of sodium hydrogen carbonate is 0.2 to 2.0% (w / v).   0.1-30% (w / v) calcium lactate, 0.1-2.0% (w / v) lactose or glucose, and 0.01-5.0% (w / v) acetic acid Organic acid or 1-20% (w / v) fruit extract, 5.0-20.0% (w / v) sodium chloride, 1.0-20.0% (w / v) The liquid mixed feed according to claim 2, wherein the monohydric alcohol is further dissolved.   Introducing calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide or sodium hydrogen carbonate into brewed vinegar, heating and dissolving, and cooling the solution to room temperature and then adding and dissolving the fruit extract further Manufacturing method of liquid mixed feed.   The method further comprises the steps of sterilizing the solution at 80 to 100 ° C. after adding and dissolving the fruit extract and adding and dissolving monohydric alcohol after the sterilization. 5. A method for producing a liquid mixed feed according to 4.

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