JP2002262782A - Liquid mixed feed and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide feed improving the problem of preventive of birth damage to a milk cow and a beef cattle. SOLUTION: This liquid mixed feed is the one containing a fruit-extract, an alcohol and a mineral component, and is characterized in that the fruit extract is the liquid obtained by extracting the pericarp and the flesh of citrus fruit containing polyphenols and an organic acid. The method for producing the liquid mixed feed is also provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fruit extract containing polyphenols and organic acids, a liquid mixed feed comprising a feed alcohol and a mineral mixed with minerals, and a method for producing the same. The present invention relates to a technique for providing a liquid feed in which minerals are mixed in an appropriate amount in order to efficiently and promptly prevent labor-related disorders mainly caused by hypocalcemia caused by lactation activity.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, especially in the dairy industry, milk production has been increasing year by year due to genetic improvement of dairy cows and advances in feeding management techniques. However, the rate of cow culling due to obstetric disorders, which is characterized by hypocalcemia caused by calving and the accompanying lactation activity, has not been improved. Therefore, in the dairy industry, it is important to establish an epoch-making preventive method for labor disorders, and various preventive methods have been applied to date.

[0003] In dairy cows, blood calcium concentration starts to decrease particularly from the day before parturition due to colostrum production accompanying parturition.
It is said that it will rapidly decrease until about three hours. With colostrum production, 8 to 10 times the amount of calcium in the body's blood is required, so it will be urgently mobilized from bone accumulated calcium etc., but individual differences, feeding management during the dry period Inadequate recruitment causes labor difficulties such as inability to stand due to hypocalcemia. Therefore, it was important to replenish a calcium source that can respond more quickly and immediately.

[0004] Prophylaxis of hypocalcemia, intravenous injection of vitamin D ₃ in perinatal, and subcutaneous injection, calcium carbonate, salaries of calcium phosphate have been performed. Vitamin D ₃ injections were given by veterinarians, and most farmers responded by dissolving calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate in water. Also,
Recently, there is a liquid feed mixed with a mineral source such as calcium, and the supply of the existing liquid feed is also increasing in terms of workability.

[0005] However, calcium carbonate and calcium phosphates have poor solubility, and existing liquid products using these as main raw materials have a large amount of sedimentation, and must be stirred and dispersed at the time of feeding, which still causes loss. There was a problem that there were many parts. In addition, existing liquid feeds include products that use propylene glycol, vegetable oil, etc., but these products become more viscous in winter,
There are problems such as a long paying time, the possibility of accidental ingestion, and a very poor taste.

[0006] On the other hand, there have been reports on the administration of calcium phosphates, which is one of the prior art, and the supply of liquid feeds using them as a main raw material, contrary to the purpose of rapid calcium supplementation. Phosphorus is superior in the absorption rate of calcium and phosphorus from the intestinal wall, and as a result, the supply of calcium phosphate first increases the blood phosphorus concentration. When blood phosphorus level rises, physiological synthesis in kidney that synthesize active vitamin D ₃ to promote the calcium absorption in the intestinal wall is suppressed. Therefore, absorption of calcium from the intestinal wall is also suppressed, and as a result, a tendency of high phosphorus and low calcium in the blood may be observed.

[0007] The passive absorption of minerals from the intestinal wall is
It is a known fact that it takes place in an ionized state.
The solubility of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate is not high, and when dissolved in water, it is in the form of an emulsion. Therefore, it is considered that the ratio of ionization is low. These days,
It has been confirmed that if ionized, minerals can be absorbed from the rumen stomach wall, and it is important to determine which method can be used to supply the solution in a transparent solution. It can have an effect on speed.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have overcome the above-mentioned problems and have provided a liquid feed which can more quickly and efficiently administer a method for preventing dysfunction during delivery of dairy cows and beef cows. We studied diligently to do so. As a result, the present inventors dissolve a mineral source mainly composed of calcium to a transparent-like solution state, improve palatability, and by a method for producing a liquid feed that maintains an appropriate liquid viscosity even by a temperature change, It has been found that such a problem can be solved. The present invention has been completed from such a viewpoint.

[0009]

That is, the present invention relates to a liquid mixed feed containing a fruit extract, an alcohol, and a mineral component, wherein the fruit extract contains a polyphenol and an organic acid. It is intended to provide a liquid mixed feed characterized by being a liquid extracted from citrus fruits (peel or pulp). The liquid mixed feed of the present invention is characterized by mixing the above three components. If any one of these three components is missing, the effect cannot be sufficiently exerted. In the present invention, by containing a fruit extract, alcohols and mineral components, while increasing the solubility of the mineral source until a transparent-like solution state, improve palatability,
An appropriate liquid viscosity can be maintained even by a temperature change.

Here, in the present invention, the above-mentioned fruit extract is contained in a liquid mixed feed at 5 to 50% by weight, and the above-mentioned alcohol is added at 10 to 40% by weight.
It is preferable to contain at least two types of mineral elements as the above-mentioned mineral components in addition to the above-mentioned mineral components. Further, it is preferable that the mineral component contains any one of the main elements, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur and chlorine, which are required in beef and dairy cows.

Further, the present invention provides a mixing step in which a calcium compound is added to water and dissolved by stirring at 30 to 90 ° C., and then a magnesium compound and a fruit extract are further added and stirred and dissolved. About 60-100 ° C
A heat treatment for 5 minutes to 3 hours, and a step of cooling the sterilized solution, adding alcohols, and stirring and mixing. To provide. Preferred examples of the calcium compound include calcium gluconate, calcium chloride, calcium lactate, and the like, and examples of the magnesium compound include magnesium chloride. Also, citric acid or lactose can be added simultaneously with the magnesium compound. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, first, the use of an organic solvent was studied in order to dissolve a calcium-based mineral source to a transparent solution state. It is known that fruits, especially citrus fruits, are rich in organic acids and polyphenols, and a fruit extract containing these organic acids and polyphenols is used as a solvent to enhance the solubility of a mineral source. We examined whether we could do that.

As a result, by mixing the plum seed extract at 5 to 50% by weight, the solubility of the mineral source and the palatability were successfully improved. Feeding the plum seed extract to dairy cows and the like is also preferable from the viewpoint of increasing appetite and activating metabolic functions.
Here, if the mixing ratio of the fruit extract is less than 5% by weight, precipitation may occur, and the mixing of 5% or more is suitable in consideration of stability. In addition, the above-mentioned fruit extract such as plum extract has a liquid pH of less than 3, and is preferably mixed at 50% by weight or less in consideration of the influence of acidity on palatability.

In addition, since alcohols are extremely excellent in palatability, in the present invention, normal feed alcohol can be mixed as alcohols, and a solution having an alcohol concentration of 50 to 100% by weight can be used. Is preferably mixed. It is also preferable to use alcoholic beverages such as beer and shochu from the viewpoint of enhancing the appetite of dairy cows. As alcohols, ethyl alcohol is usually 5
A solution containing 0 to 100% by weight is used, and about 70 to 100% by weight is used.
A solution containing 100% by weight of ethyl alcohol is preferably used.

As a result, it was found that by mixing alcohols in an amount of 10 to 40% by weight, the stability of the liquid feed, that is, the effect of preventing the generation of mold and the effect of suppressing the change in the liquid viscosity due to the temperature change were found. . If the mixing amount is less than 10% by weight, the possibility of mold generation cannot be ruled out as a result of a product load test, so mixing of 10% by weight or more is suitable. Also,
Since the purpose of the feed of the present invention is to supply minerals more efficiently and promptly at the time of delivery, the feed is preferably added in an amount of 40% by weight or less. As for the liquid viscosity, the effect at the time of temperature decrease was particularly remarkable. When the conventional liquid feed product and the feed product of the present invention are compared under normal temperature and O ° C environment, the liquid viscosity at 0 ° C environment is visually reduced in the conventional feed product containing propylene glycol or vegetable oil. Is clearly high and salary is difficult. In contrast, the feed product of the present invention has a substantially constant viscosity even at low temperatures, and can be easily fed.

Further, the organic acid contained in the extract of citrus fruits not only enhances the solubility of minerals but also supplies citric acid and malic acid to the citric acid cycle. The functions of various organs also deteriorate due to the enormous load of parturition. Among them, the decrease in the function of the liver, which is the largest organ, has a great effect on dairy cows. The liver has various functions besides detoxification and nutrient storage.However, ruminant dairy cows ferment most of the carbohydrates that are the energy source in the rumen, Very little.
Thus, 90% of the glucose needed by body tissues is covered by gluconeogenesis. It is clear that gluconeogenesis is mainly performed in the liver, and that a decrease in liver function has many adverse effects on dairy cows. The gluconeogenesis circuit that performs gluconeogenesis
This is a circuit similar to the citric acid circuit. By supplying citric acid and malic acid among the organic acids contained in the extract of the citrus fruit to the above-mentioned circuit, it can be expected that their functions are activated.

Furthermore, it is considered that the citrus fruit peel naturally has an antioxidant activity which can be said to be a protective effect against oxidative stress from the sun and oxygen in order to preserve its own nature. . Therefore, the fruit extract contains polyphenols and active oxygen inhibiting enzyme-like components.
Polyphenols have excellent antioxidant activity,
It has the effect of suppressing the oxidation of cell membrane phospholipids and blood lipids by free radicals such as active oxygen, thereby preventing the generation of lipid peroxides. Therefore, the antioxidant effect of mixing the fruit extract can be expected to have an effect on the stabilization of the biological membrane and a favorable effect on the reproduction.

The liquid feed of the present invention can be produced by using the above-mentioned components, for example, by the following method. First, calcium compounds 50 to 30 are added to 300 liters of water.
Add 0 kg, stir and mix, and dissolve at 30-90 ° C. As the calcium compound, for example, calcium gluconate 20 to 200 kg, calcium chloride 10 to 100
kg and 5 to 50 kg of calcium lactate in respective ranges. Thereafter, 10 to 100 kg of a magnesium compound and 1 to 50 liters of a plum extract are further added to the solution, followed by stirring and mixing to dissolve. At this time, citric acid 0.5-5 kg and lactose 5-5
0 kg may be added.

Next, the dissolved solution is sent to a sterilization step for heat sterilization. In this sterilization step, the solution is generally sterilized at about 60 to 100 ° C. for 5 minutes to 3 hours. The solution after the sterilization step is usually left in a dissolved state for about half a day to one week by natural cooling. Usually, 5-300 liters of feed alcohol (a solution of about 50 to 100% by weight of ethanol) is added to the solution after natural cooling, followed by stirring. Through the above steps, the liquid feed of the present invention is obtained. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0020]

EXAMPLES Reference Example 1 In order to examine the effect of the blending of a fruit extract on the solubility of a mineral source, 160 g of a calcium compound and 45 g of a magnesium compound, which are mineral components used in the present invention, were mixed with tap water and a fruit extract (this In the reference example, a solution extracted from plum seeds was used twice (desired twice, and a stock solution was used). The fruit extract was increased by 1%, and Samples 1 to 10 were set up to 10%. The dissolution rate and the presence or absence of precipitation were observed, and the solubility was examined. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0021]

[Table 1]

Reference Example 2 Three dairy cows were tested in order to examine the preference in feeding to dairy cows. 500ml mixed solution of water and plum extract
, The concentration of the extract of plum seeds was increased by 10%, and each sample up to 100% was fed to dairy cows A, B, and C once a day, starting with the solution with the lowest concentration, in dedicated bottles. Was observed. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0023]

[Table 2] Note) a: Can be paid without any problems, and there is no problem after pay. b: I hate salary a little. c: Slightly frustrated after salary. d: I hate salary. e: Do not dislike salary and do a gesture of exhaling after salary.

From the above results, it is possible to supply the plum seed extract itself, but since the pH of the plum extract liquid is low at less than 3, when the extract concentration exceeds 50%, the plum seed extract is fed due to irritation caused by sourness. There was a tendency to hate it. From the test results of the above Reference Examples 1 and 2, the blending ratio of the fruit extract is preferably 5% by weight or more from the solubility of the mineral source and the subsequent stability, and the palatability and the irritation to the rumen upon feeding. Taking into account, up to about 50% by weight is considered appropriate. Therefore, in the liquid feed of the present invention, the fruit extract is 5-50%
Was found to be the most effective ratio.

Example 1 A liquid feed of the present invention was actually produced by the following method. In a 500 liter mixing tank with stirring means,
305 kg of water, 92.7 kg of calcium chloride, 40.0 kg of calcium gluconate, 10.0 g of calcium lactate
Then, the mixture was stirred and mixed, and dissolved at 60 ° C. After dissolution, the solution was further added at 60 ° C.
2.7 kg, 2.0 kg of citric acid, 10 liters of plum extract, and 25 kg of lactose were added, mixed with stirring, and dissolved. This dissolved solution is led out of the mixing tank by a pipe having a pump, and is put into a sterilizing tank via a cartridge filter. At the center of the sterilization tank, a pipe through which steam passes is spirally arranged, so that the solution can be heated and sterilized. The solution placed in the sterilization tank is sterilized at about 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, and is then led out of the system.

The solution after the sterilization treatment is put into a storage tank, and is usually left as it is in a dissolved state for about one day by natural cooling. 70 liters of alcohols (an ethanol solution of about 99.9% by weight) is added to the solution after the natural cooling, and the mixture is sufficiently stirred. The liquid feed of the present invention thus obtained is measured and distributed from a storage tank to various containers and used.

[0027]

According to the present invention, a fruit extract containing polyphenols and an organic acid and an alcohol are used as an organic solvent for dissolving the mineral source to a more transparent state in order to enhance the absorption of the mineral. Solubility and feed preference. In addition, the effects of the components contained in the solution can provide synergistic effects such as stabilization of a biological membrane by an antioxidant action, and efficient utilization and absorption of minerals by activating metabolic functions. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid feed with a new combination that solves the problems of the conventional methods for preventing disorders during labor.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A liquid mixed feed containing a fruit extract, an alcohol, and a mineral component, wherein the fruit extract is a liquid extracted from a citrus fruit containing a polyphenol and an organic acid. Liquid mixed feed characterized by the following. 2. The above-mentioned fruit extract is added to a liquid mixed feed in an amount of 5%.
2. The liquid mixed feed according to claim 1, wherein the mixed mineral feed contains at least 50% by weight and the alcohols at 10 to 40% by weight, and the mineral component contains at least two or more mineral elements. 3. The liquid mixed feed according to claim 1, wherein the mineral component contains any one of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur and chlorine. 4. A method in which a calcium compound is added to water in an amount of 30 to 9
After stirring and dissolving at 0 ° C, a magnesium compound and a fruit extract are further added and stirred to dissolve. A mixing step, and the solution is heat-treated at about 60 to 100 ° C for 5 minutes to 3 hours. A method of producing a liquid mixed feed, comprising: a sterilizing step; and cooling and cooling the sterilized solution, and then adding and stirring an alcohol.