JP2007525815A - 化学−機械的平面化処理に使用するためのスラリ組成物 - Google Patents
化学−機械的平面化処理に使用するためのスラリ組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007525815A JP2007525815A JP2006507090A JP2006507090A JP2007525815A JP 2007525815 A JP2007525815 A JP 2007525815A JP 2006507090 A JP2006507090 A JP 2006507090A JP 2006507090 A JP2006507090 A JP 2006507090A JP 2007525815 A JP2007525815 A JP 2007525815A
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- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N [(1r,2s,4r,5r)-3-hydroxy-4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyloxy-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-yl] 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)O[C@H]1C(O)[C@@H](OS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)[C@@H]2OC[C@H]1O2 NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCNZEKKMDBVRBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F-].[F-].[F-].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].C=C.C=C Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].C=C.C=C NCNZEKKMDBVRBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- GONOPSZTUGRENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(trichloro)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)CC1=CC=CC=C1 GONOPSZTUGRENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052599 brucite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- QYISKKNPCPQDKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazanium ethene difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[NH4+].[NH4+].C=C QYISKKNPCPQDKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-QWKBTXIPSA-N gallotannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-QWKBTXIPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MMIPFLVOWGHZQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(3+) Chemical compound [Mn+3] MMIPFLVOWGHZQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MOVBJUGHBJJKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-amino-5-methoxybenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N MOVBJUGHBJJKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexanoic acid Natural products CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009896 oxidative bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009895 reductive bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003482 tantalum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GWBUNZLLLLDXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricopper;dicarbonate;dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GWBUNZLLLLDXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/32115—Planarisation
- H01L21/3212—Planarisation by chemical mechanical polishing [CMP]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
- C09K3/1463—Aqueous liquid suspensions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/7684—Smoothing; Planarisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/31051—Planarisation of the insulating layers
- H01L21/31053—Planarisation of the insulating layers involving a dielectric removal step
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
で製造することができる。最近マンガニア(Mn2O3)(特許文献5)または窒化珪素(SiN)(特許文献6)を含んで成る組成物またはスラリが報告された。
高い選択性の範囲内で研磨されなければならない。化学−機械研磨(CMP)法は、この目的を達成するための手段である。研磨は、化学薬品の液体のスラリおよび回転する重合体のブラシを用いて表面の特徴的な形状を除去することによって行なわれる。効果的なシステムにおいては、表面のエッチングを行なう化学薬品、表面を保護する化学薬品、スラリ中の研磨剤、および重合体のパッドの物理的な性質の相乗的な効果によって均質で平らな表面が得られる。本発明においては、球形でない形状をした粒子をCMPスラリの中の研磨剤として使用する。
一般に、CMPスラリ組成物は機械的な作用を及ぼす研磨剤;並びに酸化剤、酸、塩基、錯化剤、表面活性剤、分散剤、および例えば研磨された表面を酸化するような化学反応を行なう他の化学薬品の少なくとも一つを含んでいる。典型的には或る種の有害物質は避けられる。その例には、高い移動度をもった金属イオン、例えばNa+、またはウェーハ材料と反応する元素、例えばフッ素(但し後でCMPを洗浄する際にはしばしばHFが使用される)が含まれる。
タノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、ジエチレングリコールアミン、N−ヒドロキシルエチルピペラジン、およびこれらの混合物が含まれる。
。着色させる不純物を除去する単位操作の例は浮遊分離法および磁気分離法である。さらに還元的および/または酸化的な漂白法を用いて着色させる不純物を無色にすることができる。これに加えて、濾過を用いてカオリンから実質的に水を除去した後、固体分が多い濾過生成物のスラリを噴霧乾燥することができる。噴霧乾燥した部分を固体分含量の高い濾過生成物のスラリに戻し、スラリの固体分含量をさらに上げることができる。濾過生成物を分散させないで、フィルターケーキを乾燥し、粉砕して当業界においていわゆる酸乾燥カオリンとよばれるものを得ることができる。さらにまた、熱的または化学的処理によってカオリンを変性することができる。典型的にはカ焼操作の前および後においてカオリンを粉砕する。処理されたカオリンをスラリ化し、上記の単位操作により粒径分布を変えることができる。
は多様なイオン交換法および層間挿入(インターカレーション)法によって変性できることが知られている。また、正に荷電した小板、例えばハイドロタルサイトおよび他の層状の複合水酸化物は負に荷電したスメクタイトの小板と同様なタイプの化学的挙動を行なうことができる。
イオン)のような無機クラスター14でイオン交換され、陽イオン12が置換えられている。これらの得られたクラスターの電子密度が高いために層間の相互作用が強くなり、粘土の層は積層化された状態に保たれている。得られた材料はそれ以上変性せずに使用されるか、或いは高温に加熱して三次元の柱状構造にされる。別法として、正に荷電した小板、例えばハイドロタルサイトを例えばMo、W、および他の遷移金属のポリオキソメタレートのような陰イオン性のクラスターでインターカレーションを行なうことができる。
の粒子18がそれよりも小さい微結晶24で実質的に被覆されている。有用な微結晶の例には金属酸化物またはシリカの微結晶、または非金属のセラミックス相、例えば金属の炭化物または窒化物が含まれる。このような被膜は小板またはコロイド粒子を加熱して結晶性の酸化物に変えることによってつくることができる。別法として、二酸化チタンを被覆した雲母の真珠様顔料をつくる公知の方法と同様にして、ホストの非球形の粒子18の表面上に所望の相を直接結晶化させることができる。有用な方法の一例は米国特許第4,038,099号明細書に記載されている。この特許の全文は引用により本明細書に包含される。
に示されているように、二酸化珪素の上につくられた基質32は化学的な作用(アルカリ性の反応性)および機械的な作用(粒子による摩耗)の組み合わせによって処理される。この状況は酸化物だけの研磨の最も直截的な場合を表している。即ち珪素−酸化物−珪素の結合はアルカリ性の反応によって切断され、表面における個々の水酸化珪素の部分は機械的な研磨作用によって除去される。
には回路中のトランジスターを壊す原因となる。従って、誘電率の低い材料、典型的にはタンタル、窒化タンタル、または窒化チタンから構成された材料の薄い層をウェーハの酸化物と伝導体のCu層との間に配置する。この緩衝層はCuの接着を促進し、塊状のCu金属の酸化を防ぎ、Cuイオンによる塊状の酸化物の汚染を防ぎ、また回路の間の誘電率をさらに低下させる(即ち回路の間の間隔を狭くすることができる)。
性、へこみ、および欠陥に関する要求は異なっている。またマイクロ−エレクトロメカニカル・システム(Micro−ElectroMechanical Systems(MEMS))はCMPを用いる平面化を必要とする銅の層をもっていることができる。本発明の研磨剤粒子はこの用途に対するCMPスラリにも使用することができる。
Engelhard Corporation製のAnsilex 93(R)カ焼カオリンのスラリ(固体分50%)を原料として使用した。このスラリを1トン当たりSharpe Specialty Chemicals製のDefloc 411(アンモニウムポリアクリレート)4ポンドと混合した。この混合物を毎分1.2ガロン(gpm)の割合で2回Netzschによりジルコニアのビーズを用い粉砕した。Netzschの粉砕を行なった後、1トン当たり2ポンドのDefloc 411を再び加え、次いでスラリの状態を破壊しないようにしてこの混合物を噴霧乾燥した。噴霧乾燥した生成物をWaring Blenderの中で再び5分間スラリ化した後、CU5000(遠心分離器)を用い固体分40%において26分間広く開放した状態で脱スライム化を行なった。脱スライム化により粒子状のスラリの超微細部分が除去される。この部分がCMPの用途には重要である。Sedigraph 5100で測定した乾燥したスラリおよび超微細生成物の粒径分布を表2に示す。超微細生成物を数回希釈して画像の品質を改善したSEM(走査電子顕微鏡写真)を図12に示す。SEMは電界放射型電子顕微鏡(Jol
6500F)を用い5kVで得た。
実施例1の超微細生成物を再スラリ化して固体分含量を4%にした。このスラリをPuradisc 25 GD ガラスフィルター(直径25mm、細孔の大きさ2μ)に通し、大きすぎる粒子を除去した。この研磨剤スラリに一般的なCopper CMPスラリから得られる化学パッケージを加えた。この化学パッケージは酸化剤(過酸化水素)、不動化剤(ベンゾトリアゾール)、錯化/エッチング剤(クエン酸)、および安定剤(TEA,TX−100)を含んでいた。比較のため、市販のアルミナをベースにしたCMPスラリ(Cabot Microelectronics)を使用した。
[実施例3]
Engelhard社製の水和カオリン噴霧乾燥生成物を原料として使用した。この噴霧乾燥した生成物を実験室においてWaring Blender中で5分間再スラリ化して固体分を40%にした後、CU5000遠心分離器を用い広く開放した状態において固体分40%で15分間脱スライム化した(2400rpm)。脱スライム化の段階から得られる固体分5%の上澄液を構成する水和カオリンの超微細部分をWhatman濾斗(直径25mm、細孔の大きさ2μ)を通して濾過し、CMP組成物に使用する研磨剤スラリにした(試料A)。Sedigraph 5100で測定した原料の噴霧乾燥生成物および超微細生成物の粒径分布を表4に示す。
実施例2の化学パッケージを実施例3で得られた超微細水和カオリンスラリ(試料A)に加え、Cuの平面化のためのCMP組成物(実施例4)をつくった。煙霧シリカのスラリおよびアルミナのスラリを用いて同じ化学パッケージから他のCMP組成物をつくった。使用した煙霧シリカはDegussaのAerosil 200(主平均粒径12nm、Microtracで測定した凝集物の平均の大きさ170nm)(対照例A)であった。アルミナの粒子はα形であり、Polishing Solutions Inc.から得た(対照例B)。金属の平面化のための市販のCMPスラリ中ではこの専売品のアルミナ粒子が使用されている。
び銅/シリカの間の選択性を決定した。次いで二重食刻法により銅の相互連結部材およびタンタルの拡散障壁を取付けた200mmのSiウェーハ(パターンが付けられたウェーハ)に対してCMPスラリを試験し、侵食およびへこみを評価した。侵食は70%のパターン密度で測定し、へこみは300μのピッチの銅線で測定した。へこみおよび侵食の測定は研磨したおよび過剰研磨した(研磨したウェーハよりも20%余分の時間をかけて研磨した)ウェーハの両方について行ない、過剰研磨に対する望ましくない特徴をもった形状の感度を決定した。
研磨が適切なもの:銅を除去したばかりの時に、ウェーハを視察によって評価した。
[実施例5および対照例CおよびD]
本実施例においては、実施例4における超微細水和カオリン(試料B)および煙霧シリカをベースにしたCMP組成物を使用したが、化学パッケージからTX100およびTEAを除き、スラリのpHを5から4に低下させた(対照例C)点が異なっている。これに加えて、Cabot Microelectronics製のアルミナをベースにした市販のスラリ(CCMP)も使用した(対照例D)。
研磨が適切なもの:銅を除去したばかりの時に、ウェーハを視察によって評価した。
Claims (10)
- 非球形の形状をもった一次研磨剤粒子を含んで成ることを特徴とする化学−機械的平面化用研磨剤スラリ。
- 非球形の形状をもつ該研磨剤粒子は雲母、タルク、層状粘土、グラファイトの薄片、ガラスの薄片、および合成重合体の薄片から成る群から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項1記載のスラリ。
- 非球形の形状をもつ該研磨剤粒子は層状粘土を含んで成ることを特徴とする請求項2記載のスラリ。
- 該粘土粒子は少なくとも1200°Fの温度においてカ焼されていることを特徴とする請求項3記載のスラリ。
- 該スラリは最高約20重量%の該研磨剤粒子を含んで成っていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のスラリ。
- 該スラリは約0.5〜約8重量%の該研磨剤粒子を含んで成っていることを特徴とする請求項5記載のスラリ。
- 該研磨剤粒子は約1μより小さい平均直径をもっていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のスラリ。
- 該研磨剤粒子は約0.01〜約0.5μの平均直径をもっていることを特徴とする請求項7記載のスラリ。
- 該研磨剤粒子はMohsのかたさが約1〜約6の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のスラリ。
- 該非球形の研磨剤粒子は変性されているか、または少なくとも部分的に被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のスラリ。
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PCT/US2004/007468 WO2004083328A2 (en) | 2003-03-17 | 2004-03-11 | Slurry compositions for use in a chemical-mechanical planarization process having non-spherical abrasive particles |
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JP2003501817A (ja) * | 1999-05-27 | 2003-01-14 | イーケーシー テクノロジー,インコーポレイティド | スラリー組成物およびそれを用いる化学機械的研磨方法 |
JP2001047358A (ja) * | 1999-05-28 | 2001-02-20 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | 研磨用組成物 |
JP2002220584A (ja) * | 2001-01-29 | 2002-08-09 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 精密研磨材 |
Also Published As
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WO2004083328A3 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
EP1620517A2 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
KR20050111391A (ko) | 2005-11-24 |
WO2004083328A2 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
US20040216388A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
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