JP2007507067A - 膜−電極アッセンブリー、その製造方法および膜−電極アッセンブリーにおいて組み合わせるべき膜の製造方法 - Google Patents
膜−電極アッセンブリー、その製造方法および膜−電極アッセンブリーにおいて組み合わせるべき膜の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
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- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
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- H01M8/1086—After-treatment of the membrane other than by polymerisation
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Abstract
Description
実験V203において19.5%のグラフト水準のFEP−25膜を使用した。この膜も、ホットプレス加工前にNafion(R)イオノマーで含浸処理しなかった。この膜は、ホットプレス加工(FEP−hp(湿潤))前に60℃で1時間炉中で乾燥した(減圧せず)。他の全てのMEA製造条件は上述と同様であった。
実験V211において、MEAを17.9%のグラフト水準のFEP−25膜から製造した。この膜は、Nafion(R)イオノマーで含浸処理しそして、Nafion被覆物を120℃で架橋させた後に、架橋段階の炉からサンプルを上述の通り取り出した後にこの比較例の膜を乾燥状態で接合したことを除いて、MEAを実施例2の方法(V213)に従って製造した。
実験V208において、MEAをNafion(R)112から湿った状態で製造した(N112−hp(湿潤))。
表1:0.6mgpt・cm−2を有するETEK電極を用い、製造した膜をMEAsとする。
MEAsを始動後に状態調整しそして安定な電力を得たら、MEAsの性質は極性実験および電気化学的インピーダンス分光法によってその場で示される。種々のMEAsのための一般的な電池極性曲線を図1に示す。極性実験のために電池電流密度は開放回路電圧から最大電流密度に段階的に変化する。各点での平衡時間は20秒であった。電気化学的インピーダンス分光法は Zahner Elektrik社(Kronach, ドイツ国)のインピーダンス-キットを用いて500mA・cm−2の一定電池電流密度で実施した。摂動周波数は一般に100mHzから25kHzに変動した。実施例および比較例に記載したMEAsの特徴についての結果を図2に示す。電気化学的インピーダンス分光法によってその場で測定されたΩおよび電荷移動抵抗を表2に総括掲載する。
図1は実施例および比較例のMEAsを含有する燃料電池の一般的な電池極性曲線を示している。放射線照射でグラフト反応した膜をベースとするMEAs含有電池の極性は、膜が膨潤状態にある間にMEAがホットプレス加工された場合に著しく改善される。この改善は、膜がホットプレス加工前にNafion(R)イオノマーで含浸処理されているかまたはされていないかが重要である(実施例2と比較例2との比較、および実施例1と比較例1との比較)。
Claims (13)
- 膜−電極アッセンブリーで組み合わせるべき膜の製造方法において、イオン伝導性膜中の溶剤含有量を制御しながら、イオン伝導性膜を少なくとも1種類の溶剤を含む液中でまたは少なくとも1種類の溶剤の蒸気相を含む雰囲気で膨潤させる段階を含むことを特徴とする、上記方法。
- イオン伝導性膜が放射線照射でグラフト反応した膜である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- グラフト水準が5〜50モル%、好ましくは10〜40モル%の範囲内である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- グラフト反応用溶液が架橋剤モノマーを含有し、その架橋剤モノマーの含有量がスチレンを規準として5〜25%の範囲内、好ましくは20%より少ないことを特徴とする、請求項2または3に記載の上記方法。
- 膨潤段階の前に
(a)イオン伝導性膜を強酸溶液中で10分〜120分の範囲に亙って処理し;そして
(b)そうして処理されたイオン伝導性膜を、好ましくは濯ぎ水が中性になるまで濯ぐ
ことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - イオン伝導性膜を、好ましくは含浸させて、イオン導電性ポリマー相で被覆する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- イオン伝導性膜、即ち上述の請求項1〜6のいずれか一つに記載の方法に従って製造されたイオン伝導性膜を使用して膜−電極アッセンブリーを製造する方法において、
a) 予備膨潤した状態でイオン伝導性膜を提供し;
b) 該イオン伝導性膜をその両側で電極層で被覆して、サンドウイッチ状物を形成し;そして
c) このサンドイッチ状物をホットプレス成形して、サンドイッチ状物の上述の各層のイオン伝導性接合物を形成することを特徴する、上記膜−電極アッセンブリーの製造方法。 - 電極層とイオン伝導性膜との間で且つ該イオン導電性膜の両側に触媒活性層を析出させる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 電極層としてカーボンクロス、カーボンペーパー、またはカーボンフェルトよりなる群の一つを使用し、好ましくは例えば極性のおよび水素結合性溶剤の如き親水性液の状態で適用する、請求項7または8に記載の方法。
- ホットプレス加工条件を、以下の条件
a)70〜150℃の範囲内の、好ましくは90〜120℃の範囲内の温度;
b)2〜30MPa、好ましくは5〜18MPaの範囲内の圧力;および
c)15〜400秒、好ましくは60〜240秒の範囲内のホットプレス加工処理の期間
の少なくとも1つを選択する、項7〜9のいずれか一つに記載の方法。 - 触媒活性層が白金、ルテニウム、ロジウム、レニウム、ニッケル、希土類および遷移金属およびそれらの化合物よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類を含有する、請求項7〜10のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 請求項7〜11のいずれか一つに従って製造された膜−電極アッセンブリーにおいて、ホットプレス加工したサンドイッチ状物が電極層、イオン伝導性膜および電極層よりなり、その際にイオン伝導性膜がホットプレス加工の以前に予備膨潤された状態で使用されることを特徴とする、上記膜−電極アッセンブリー。
- イオン伝導性膜の厚さが5〜250μm、好ましくは20〜200μmの範囲内にある、請求項12に記載の膜−電極アッセンブリー。
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EP03021845 | 2003-09-26 | ||
EP03028850A EP1523057A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2003-12-16 | Membrane electrode assembly (MEA), method for its manufacturing and a method for preparing a membrane to be assembled in a MEA |
PCT/EP2004/010252 WO2005031906A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-14 | Membrane electrode assembly (mea), methode for its manufacturing and a method for preparing a membrane to be assembled in a mea |
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DE102004034139A1 (de) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-02-02 | Pemeas Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Membran-Elektroden-Einheiten |
JP4822389B2 (ja) | 2004-11-15 | 2011-11-24 | 日東電工株式会社 | 耐酸化性の優れた電解質膜 |
KR100847493B1 (ko) | 2006-11-08 | 2008-07-22 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 고안정성 고분자 구동기의 제조방법 및 이로부터 얻은고분자 구동기 |
GB0701449D0 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2007-03-07 | Secr Defence | Anion Exchange Membranes |
US9735441B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2017-08-15 | Audi Ag | Hot pressed, direct deposited catalyst layer |
DE102011003746B4 (de) * | 2011-02-08 | 2017-12-28 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Ionenleitender Festkörperseparator sowie dessen Herstellung und Verwendung |
EP2617841A1 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-24 | Paul Scherrer Institut | A method for recovering metal and/or metal compounds which are bound in polymer materials |
WO2024084104A1 (en) | 2022-12-21 | 2024-04-25 | Andreas Reiner | Process to manufacture an electro-catalyzed ion exchange membrane, stack comprising one or more units of flat-shaped electro-catalyzed ion exchange membrane with gas diffusion layers, and device comprising one or more flat-shaped or hollow fiber-shaped electro-catalyzed ion exchange membranes |
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US8309275B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 |
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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