JP2007502769A - 水素を生成する装置および方法 - Google Patents
水素を生成する装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007502769A JP2007502769A JP2006523981A JP2006523981A JP2007502769A JP 2007502769 A JP2007502769 A JP 2007502769A JP 2006523981 A JP2006523981 A JP 2006523981A JP 2006523981 A JP2006523981 A JP 2006523981A JP 2007502769 A JP2007502769 A JP 2007502769A
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 110
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940071870 hydroiodic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 78
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 but not limited to Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002894 chemical waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/08—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2Li+2HX→H2+2LiX (1)
2K+2HX→H2+2KX (2)
2Na+2HX→H2+2NaX (3)
Ca+2HX→H2+CaX2 (4)
Mg+2HX→H2+MgX2 (5)
Zn+2HX→H2+ZnX2 (6)
2Al+6HX→3H2+2AlX3 (7)
Fe+2HX→H2+FeX2 (8)
または
2Fe+6HX→3H2+2FeX3 (9)
Ag+HX→反応しない (10)
Au+HX→反応しない (11)
Pt+HX→反応しない (12)
2M+2HX→2MX+H2 (13)
M+2HX→MX2+H2 (14)
2M+6HX→2MX3+3H2 (15)
Fe+2M+→2M+Fe+2 (16)
Fe+M+2→M+Fe+2 (17)
3Fe+2M+3→2M+3Fe+2 (18)
2M+2H++2X−→2M+1+H2+2X− (19)
M+2H++2X−→M+2+H2+2X− (20)
2M+6H++6X−→2M+3+3H2+6X− (21)
2Fe+4M+→4M+2Fe+2 (22)
4M+4H++4X−→4M+1+2H2+4X− (23)
2Fe+4M+→4M+2Fe+2 (22)
+
4M+4H++4X−→4M+1+2H2+4X− (23)
=
2Fe+4H+→2Fe+2+2H2 (24)
カソード(還元)
4Mr ++4e−→4Mr (25)
アノード(酸化)
2H2O→4H++O2+4e− (26)
2Fe+2+4Mr→4Mr ++2Fe (27)
4Mr ++4e−→4Mr (25)
+
2H2O→4H++O2+4e− (26)
+
2Fe+2+4Mr→4Mr ++2Fe (27)
=
2Fe+2+2H2O→4H++2Fe+O2 (28)
2Fe+4H+→2Fe+2+2H2 (24)
+
2Fe+2+2H2O→4H++2Fe+O2 (28)
=
2H2O→2H2+O2 (29)
1モルのH2SO4=98グラム
したがって、H2SO41グラムあたりH2の最大収量は0.23lである。
2モルのHClは1モルのH2(22.4l)をもたらす。
2モルのHCl=73グラム
したがって、再生反応がなければ、HCl1グラムあたりH2の理論最大収量は0.31lと予想される。
Claims (51)
- pH7未満の溶液と、
前記溶液中に懸濁させた第1のコロイド状金属と、
非コロイド状金属と
を含む水素を生成する装置。 - 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記非コロイド状金属より反応性が低い、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記非コロイド状金属より反応性が高い、請求項1に記載の装置。
- さらに前記溶液中に懸濁させた第2のコロイド状金属を含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記第2のコロイド状金属が前記非コロイド状金属より反応性が高い、請求項4に記載の装置。
- さらに前記溶液を含むための容器を含み、前記容器が前記溶液に対して不活性である、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記第1のコロイド状金属が、銀、金、白金、スズ、鉛、銅、亜鉛、鉄、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、ベリリウム、ニッケルまたはカドミウムである、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記非コロイド状金属が、鉄、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、ベリリウム、スズ、鉛、ニッケルまたは銅である、請求項1に記載の装置。
- さらにエネルギー源を含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記エネルギー源がヒータである、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記エネルギー源が光源である、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記エネルギー源が、前記溶液と電気的に接触しているアノードとカソードの間に印加される電位である、請求項9に記載の装置。
- さらにアノードおよびカソードを含み、前記アノードおよびカソードが前記溶液と接触しており、電位が前記アノードとカソードの間に存在する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 酸を含む溶液であって、前記酸が、硫酸、塩酸、臭化水素酸、硝酸、ヨウ化水素酸、過塩素酸または塩素酸である溶液と、
前記溶液中に懸濁させた第1のコロイド状金属と、
非コロイド状金属と
を含む水素を生成する装置。 - 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記非コロイド状金属より反応性が低い、請求項14に記載の装置。
- 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記非コロイド状金属より反応性が高い、請求項14に記載の装置。
- さらに前記溶液中に懸濁させた第2のコロイド状金属を含む、請求項14に記載の装置。
- 前記第2のコロイド状金属が前記非コロイド状金属より反応性が高い、請求項17に記載の装置。
- さらに前記溶液を含むための容器を含み、前記容器が前記溶液に対して不活性である、請求項14に記載の装置。
- さらにエネルギー源を含む、請求項14に記載の装置。
- 第1のコロイド状金属をpH7未満の溶液中に懸濁させるステップと、
非コロイド状金属を前記懸濁液中に導入するステップと
を含む水素を生成する方法。 - 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記非コロイド状金属より反応性が低い、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記非コロイド状金属より反応性が高い、請求項21に記載の方法。
- さらに第2のコロイド状金属を前記溶液中に導入するステップを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- さらにエネルギーを前記溶液に供給するステップを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- さらに酸素ガスを生成するステップを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- さらに前記非コロイド状金属を酸化することおよび還元することをともに含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- pH7未満の溶液と、
前記溶液中に少なくとも一部分は沈められ、第1の金属1立方メートルあたり少なくとも298,000,000m2の表面積を有する第1の金属と、
前記溶液中に少なくとも一部分は沈められた第2の金属と
を含む水素を生成する装置。 - 前記第2の金属が前記第1の金属より反応性が高い、請求項28に記載の装置。
- 前記第2の金属が前記第1の金属より反応性が低い、請求項28に記載の装置。
- さらに第3の金属を含み、前記第3の金属が、第3の金属1立方メートルあたり少なくとも298,000,000m2の表面積を有する、請求項28に記載の装置。
- pH7未満の溶液であって、前記溶液が金属のカチオンを含む溶液と、
前記溶液中に懸濁させた第1のコロイド状金属と
を含む水素を生成する装置。 - 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記金属カチオンより反応性が低い、請求項32に記載の装置。
- 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記金属カチオンより反応性が高い、請求項32に記載の装置。
- さらに前記溶液中に懸濁させた第2のコロイド状金属を含む、請求項32に記載の装置。
- 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記金属カチオンより反応性が低く、前記第2のコロイド状金属が前記金属カチオンより反応性が高い、請求項35に記載の装置。
- さらにエネルギー源を含む、請求項32に記載の装置。
- pH7未満の溶液と、
前記溶液中に懸濁させた第1のコロイド状金属と、
金属イオンと
を含む水素を生成する装置。 - 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記金属イオンより反応性が低い、請求項38に記載の装置。
- 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記金属イオンより反応性が高い、請求項38に記載の装置。
- さらに前記溶液中に懸濁させた第2のコロイド状金属を含む、請求項38に記載の装置。
- 前記第1のコロイド状金属が前記金属イオンより反応性が低く、前記第2のコロイド状金属が前記金属イオンより反応性が高い、請求項41に記載の装置。
- さらに前記溶液を含むための容器を含み、前記容器が前記溶液に対して不活性である、請求項38に記載の装置。
- 前記第1のコロイド状金属が、銀、金、白金、スズ、鉛、銅、亜鉛、鉄、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、ベリリウム、ニッケルまたはカドミウムである、請求項38に記載の装置。
- 前記第2のコロイド状金属が、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、ベリリウムまたはリチウムである、請求項41に記載の装置。
- 前記金属イオンが、鉄、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、ベリリウム、スズ、鉛、ニッケルまたは銅である、請求項38に記載の装置。
- さらにアノードとカソードを含み、前記アノードとカソードが前記溶液と電気的に接触しており、前記アノードとカソードの間に電位が存在する、請求項38に記載の装置。
- さらに固体の金属を含む、請求項38に記載の装置。
- さらにエネルギー源を含む、請求項38に記載の装置。
- a.)第1のコロイド状金属をpH7未満の溶液中に懸濁させるステップと、
b.)金属イオンを前記懸濁液中に導入するステップと
を含む水素を生成する方法。 - さらに前記金属イオンを還元して、固体の金属を生成するステップを含む、請求項50に記載の方法。
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US49617403P | 2003-08-19 | 2003-08-19 | |
US50898903P | 2003-10-06 | 2003-10-06 | |
US51266303P | 2003-10-20 | 2003-10-20 | |
US52446803P | 2003-11-24 | 2003-11-24 | |
US53176703P | 2003-12-22 | 2003-12-22 | |
US53176603P | 2003-12-22 | 2003-12-22 | |
US10/919,755 US20050042150A1 (en) | 2003-08-19 | 2004-08-17 | Apparatus and method for the production of hydrogen |
PCT/US2004/026681 WO2005018559A2 (en) | 2003-08-19 | 2004-08-18 | Apparatus and method for the production of hydrogen |
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JP2007502769A true JP2007502769A (ja) | 2007-02-15 |
JP2007502769A5 JP2007502769A5 (ja) | 2007-09-27 |
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JP2006523981A Pending JP2007502769A (ja) | 2003-08-19 | 2004-08-18 | 水素を生成する装置および方法 |
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US (1) | US20050042150A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1660407A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2007502769A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060037449A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2536087A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA06001987A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005018559A2 (ja) |
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WO2005018559A2 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
MXPA06001987A (es) | 2006-05-31 |
CA2536087A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
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