JP2007167039A - Greening container - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the flow out of stored rain water to be retarded without increasing the weight, and to enable the watering to be reduced or omitted by utilizing the stored rain water. <P>SOLUTION: The water can be stored even in a soil of a mat-supporting member 18, a water-retaining draining mat 20 and a mat plant 22 by installing the mat-supporting member 18, the water-retaining draining mat 20 and the mat plant 22 in a container 12. As a result, a large amount of the water is stored in the container when a large amount of rainfall is present to prevent urban flood from being caused by the rain water flowing in a stream, drainage or the like at a time. When the soil of the mat plant 22 is dried at a time or the like with little rainfall, the water stored in the water-storing part 16 is fed to the water-retaining draining mat 20 and the soil of the mat plant 22 by a watering member 24. As a result, a watering means is not required to be installed separately because the watering to the mat plant is not required even at a no-rainfall time or little-rainfall time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a greening container in which plants are planted.

  In areas where urbanization is progressing, so-called concrete is progressing, where roads and houses are paved with concrete. For this reason, the water retention of the ground is poor, and urban flooding frequently occurs, such as rainwater flowing into the sewer pipe at a time and overflowing, or a large amount of rainwater flowing into the river and flooding urban rivers.

  One way to prevent this urban flooding is to spread soil on the rooftop of the building or artificial ground, and plant lawn, trees, flowers, etc. on this soil, and at the same time green the rooftop and artificial ground Measures have been taken to impregnate the rainwater into the soil to suppress the outflow of rainwater. However, there is a limit to the amount of water stored in the soil, and if it is attempted to improve the water storage capacity by increasing the thickness of the soil in order to cope with a large amount of rainfall, the load on the soil will increase, and the tolerance that buildings and structures can withstand The load may be exceeded. In addition, if the soil thickness is reduced in consideration of the allowable load, rainwater storage capacity cannot be obtained sufficiently.

  Therefore, a temporary storage part that temporarily receives surplus water from the planting part where trees, flowers, etc. are planted is provided, and the water stored in this temporary storage part is gradually drained to the outside, so that rainwater flows out. A greening facility capable of suppressing the amount has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). This planting facility is configured to allow surplus water from the planting part to flow into the temporary storage part and to flow out from the outflow part (hole) provided in the temporary storage part to the temporarily stored surplus water. By reducing the amount of water per unit time flowing out from the outflow part, the outflow of rainwater is suppressed.

  However, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, rainwater is only temporarily stored and is not stored for a long time. For this reason, it is necessary to irrigate when there is little rainfall or when there is no rainfall over a long period of time, and it is necessary to install irrigation equipment or perform irrigation work artificially.

  In addition, a water storage tank filled with porous gravel-like material is provided at a predetermined interval under the ground where trees, flowers, etc. are planted. Is stored in this water tank, and if necessary, the water in the water tank is raised by the capillary force generated by the gap between the porous gravel-like materials and supplied to the ground, and the water level of the water tank is lower than the bottom surface of the ground. Is also gradually discharged from between the water storage tanks (see Patent Document 2).

In Patent Document 2, since the water storage tank is filled with a porous gravel-like material, there is little or very little water storage space compared to the appearance of the water storage tank. For this reason, in order to ensure sufficient water storage space, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the water storage tank, and the weight increases as the thickness increases.
JP 2002-247914 A JP-A-6-319378

  In consideration of the above facts, the present invention provides a greening container that can delay the outflow of stored rainwater without increasing the weight, and can reduce or omit irrigation by using the stored rainwater. provide.

  The invention described in claim 1 is provided in a water storage container having a space for storing water, a water retention drainage layer or soil that is housed inside the water storage container and on which a planting part is placed, and the water storage container. A support member that supports the water retention drainage layer or soil and forms a space for storing water between the bottom surface of the water storage container and the water retained in the water storage container by capillarity. And a drainage means for draining a predetermined amount to the outside of the water storage container when the water stored in the water storage container exceeds a set water level.

  According to invention of Claim 1, the water retention drainage layer or culture soil by which a planting part is mounted is supported by the supporting member inside the water storage container, Between the bottom face of a water storage container, a water retention drainage layer, or culture soil A space for storing water is formed. And if water is stored by the water storage container, it will rise by the capillary phenomenon of a water supply member, and will be supplied to a water retention drainage layer or culture soil. Moreover, when the water stored in the space of the water storage container exceeds the set water level, a predetermined amount is drained out of the water storage container by the drainage means.

  In this way, water can be stored even in the water retention drainage layer or soil part, so even if there is a lot of rainfall, a large amount of water is stored, and rainwater flows into rivers and sewage etc. at once. There is no risk of causing type floods.

  Moreover, the water that has flowed into the water storage container is stored in the space between the bottom surface of the water storage container and the water retention drainage layer or the soil for a long time. And when the water retention drainage layer or the soil is dried, the water stored in this space is supplied to the water retention drainage layer or the soil by the capillary phenomenon of the water supply member, and supplied to the planting part placed on the water retention drainage layer or the soil Is done. Therefore, it is not necessary to irrigate the planting part even when there is no rainfall, so there is no need to provide irrigation means separately.

  In addition, by supplying water to the water retention drainage layer or soil by capillary action, it is stored in the water storage container according to the dry and wet conditions of the water retention drainage layer or soil (planting part placed on the water retention drainage layer or culture soil). Since the water being supplied is supplied, the amount of water supplied to the water retention drainage layer or the soil can be controlled.

  Furthermore, unlike the conventional case, it is not necessary to fill the water storage container with a porous gravel material or the like to cause a capillary phenomenon, so that the weight can be reduced.

  The set water level is determined from the allowable load of the building or the like where the greening container is placed and the amount of water necessary for the growth of the planting part.

  Invention of Claim 2 temporarily stores the water which flowed into the said water retention drainage layer or culture soil between the said water retention drainage layer or culture soil, and the said setting water level, and the water exceeding the said setting water level is outside the said water storage container It is characterized by a temporary reservoir that drains water.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, of the water flowing into the water retention drainage layer or the soil, the portion exceeding the set water level is temporarily stored in the temporary reservoir and then drained outside the water storage container. That is, the amount of rainwater outflow can be suppressed by being temporarily stored in the temporary storage layer.

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the water supply member is a non-woven fabric in which one end portion is in contact with the water retention drainage layer or soil and the other end portion is immersed in water stored in the water storage container. It is said.

  According to invention of Claim 3, a water supply member consists of a nonwoven fabric, one end part contacts the upper surface of a water retention drainage layer or cultivation soil, and the other end part is immersed in the water stored by the water storage container. Thus, by using a nonwoven fabric as a water supply member, clogging does not occur in the soil contained in the sucked-up water.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the drainage means is hung on a side wall of the water storage container, one end is located at the set water level, the other end is taken out of the water storage container, Is also a non-woven fabric located in a low position.

  According to invention of Claim 4, a drainage means consists of a nonwoven fabric hung on the side wall of a water storage container, one end part is located in a preset water level, and the other end part has come out of the water storage container. Thereby, the amount of drainage per hour can be controlled simply by changing the type and width of the nonwoven fabric.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the drainage means is a drain hole formed in a side wall of the water storage container and located at the set water level.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the water stored in the water storage container exceeds the set water level, the excess water is stored in the water storage container from the drain hole formed at the position of the set water level on the side wall of the water storage container. It drains to the outside. By adjusting the diameter and number of the drain holes, the drainage speed of the water stored in the water storage container can be controlled.

  Moreover, since no other member is required to drain the excess water in the water storage container, the number of members can be reduced.

  Invention of Claim 6 is stored in the water storage container which has the space which stores water, the water retention drainage layer or culture soil which is provided in the upper part of the said water storage container, and a planting part is mounted, and the said water storage container A water supply member for supplying water to the water retention drainage layer or the soil by capillary action, and drainage means for draining an excessive amount of water outside the water storage container when the water stored in the water storage container exceeds a set water level. It is characterized by that.

  According to invention of Claim 6, the water storage container is provided with the space in which water is stored, and the upper part of this water storage container is provided with a water retention drainage layer or culture soil on which the planting part is placed. It has been. And the water stored by the water storage container rises by the capillary phenomenon of a water supply member, and is supplied to a water retention drainage layer or culture soil. Further, when the water stored in the water storage container exceeds the set water level, an excessive amount of water is drained out of the water storage container by the drainage means.

  As a result, the water exceeding the storage capacity of the planting part and the water storage drainage layer or soil will flow into the storage container, and if the water level of the storage container is below the set water level, the water up to the set water level will be stored in the storage container for a long time. Stored. Moreover, if the water level of a water storage container is a setting water level, the part which flowed into the water storage container will be drained gradually by the drainage means at a predetermined | prescribed speed | rate. Thus, since water is stored by the water storage container, even if there is a large amount of rainfall, there is no possibility that rainwater will flow into rivers and sewage at once and cause urban flooding.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the water supply member is a non-woven fabric in which one end is in contact with the water retention drainage layer or the soil and the other end is immersed in water stored in the water storage container. It is said.

  According to invention of Claim 7, a water supply member consists of a nonwoven fabric, one end contacts a water retention drainage layer or culture soil, and the other end is immersed in the water stored by the water storage container. Thus, by using a nonwoven fabric as a water supply member, clogging does not occur in the soil contained in the sucked-up water.

  The invention according to claim 8 is a nonwoven fabric in which the drainage means is hung on a side wall of the water storage container, one end portion is positioned at the set water level, and the other end portion is exposed to the outside of the box. It is characterized by.

  According to invention of Claim 8, the drainage means consists of the nonwoven fabric hung on the side wall of the box, one end is located at the set water level, and the other end is drawn out of the box. Thereby, the amount of drainage per hour can be controlled simply by changing the type and width of the nonwoven fabric. Moreover, clogging does not occur in the soil contained in the sucked-up water by using the nonwoven fabric as the drainage means.

  The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that the drainage means is a drain hole formed in a side wall of the water storage container and located at the set water level.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, when the water stored in the water storage container exceeds the set water level, the excess water is stored in the water storage container from the water drain hole formed at the position of the set water level on the side wall of the water storage container. It drains to the outside. By adjusting the diameter and number of the drain holes, the drainage speed of the water stored in the water storage container can be controlled.

  Moreover, since no other member is required to drain the excess water of the box, the number of members can be reduced.

  The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that a planting part support layer is stretched over the opening of the water storage container, and the water retention drainage layer or soil is placed on the planting part support layer. .

  According to invention of Claim 10, even if the weight of a water retention drainage layer or culture soil becomes heavy by osmosis | permeation of water by passing a planting part support layer over the opening of a water storage container, a water retention drainage layer or culture soil is Since it is supported by the planting part support layer, it does not fall into the opening.

  The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that a stepped portion is formed on a side wall of the water storage container, over which a planting part support layer on which the water retention drainage layer or the soil is placed is placed.

  According to invention of Claim 11, the planting part support layer in which a water retention drainage layer or culture soil is mounted is spanned by the step part formed in the side wall of the water storage container. Thereby, even if the weight of the water retention drainage layer or soil becomes heavy due to water penetration, the water retention drainage layer or culture soil is supported by the side wall of the water storage container by the planting part support layer, and falls toward the bottom of the water storage container. There is nothing.

  The invention described in claim 12 is characterized in that a guide part for guiding water flowing to the upper surface of the planting part into the water storage container is disposed inside the side wall of the water storage container.

  According to invention of Claim 12, the water which flows to the upper surface of a planting part is induced | guided | derived into a water storage container by the guidance | induction part provided inside the side wall of the water storage container. As a result, even when there is a lot of rainfall per hour and rainwater cannot penetrate into the planting part, the water flows into the water storage container by the guiding part, so there is a risk that rainwater will flow into the river or sewage at once. Absent.

  Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, the outflow of stored rainwater can be delayed without increasing the weight, and irrigation can be reduced or omitted by using the stored rainwater.

  Next, the greening container 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the greening container 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container 12 whose upper surface is open, and a cylindrical support member 14 is disposed on the bottom surface 12 </ b> A of the container 12. .

  A substantially rectangular planting base support member 18 having a size slightly smaller than the bottom surface 12 </ b> A of the container 12 is placed on the support member 14. That is, the planting base support member 18 is disposed in a state of being supported inside the container 12 by the support member 14 while being spaced apart from the bottom surface 12A of the container 12 by a predetermined distance. Thereby, the space in the container 12 is divided into two by the planting base support member 18 as a water storage layer, and the water storage part 16 is formed between the bottom surface 12 </ b> A and the planting base support member 18.

  Thus, by setting the planting base support member 18 to be supported inside the container 12 by the support member 14, a receiving portion for supporting the planting base support member 18 is not provided on the side wall 12 </ b> B of the container 12. The structure is simple.

  The upper surface of the planting base support member 18 is made of a permeable plate material. Thereby, the water drained from the water retention / drainage mat 20 or the culture soil, which will be described later, placed on the planting base support member 18 is the upper surface of the planting base support member 18 and the side walls of the planting base support member 18 and the container 12. It flows into the water storage part 16 from between 12B and is stored.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although it was set as the structure which arrange | positions the one support member 14 in the approximate center of the bottom face 12A of the container 12, a some support member is arrange | positioned and the planting base support member 18 is supported in several places. It is good also as a structure.

  Moreover, although it was set as the structure which supports the planting base | substrate support member 18 inside the container 12 with the cylindrical support member 14, it is not limited to a cylindrical shape as the support member 14, For example, a cross-sectional shape is made into a rectangular shape. The planting base support member 18 may be supported inside the container 12 by a cylinder or a prismatic member.

  On the planting base support member 18, a water retention / drainage mat 20 having substantially the same size as the planting base support member 18 is placed. That is, the water retention / drainage mat 20 is supported in the container 12 by the planting base support member 18. The water retention / drainage mat 20 is formed by laminating a drainage layer and a water retention layer, and has a water retention function and at the same time a drainage function. Thereby, a part of the water supplied to the water retention / drainage mat 20 is retained by the water retention layer of the water retention / drainage mat 20, and a part (the amount that cannot be retained by the water retention layer) is drained through the drainage layer, Water is supplied to the planting base support member 18.

  In addition, holes 23 are formed in the corners of the water retention / drainage mat 20, and water flowing into the water retention / drainage mat 20 is retained in the water retention layer of the water retention / drainage mat 20, and at the same time, the holes 23 and the water retention / drainage mat. 20 and the side wall 12B of the container 12 flow into the planting base support member 18.

  In the present embodiment, holes 23 are provided in the corners of the water retention / drainage mat 20 and water flows from the holes 23 to the planting base support member 18. However, the water retention / drainage mat 20 and the side wall 12B of the container 12 are provided. Since a gap is provided between them, and water flows into the planting base support member 18 from this gap, it is not always necessary to form the hole 23 in the water retention / drainage mat 20.

  A plant 22 is placed on the water retention / drainage mat 20. The plant 22 is formed by matting grasses such as turf and verbena, shrubs such as hyacinth and tsurmasaki in the soil. In the present embodiment, four plants 22 having a size one quarter of the water retention / drainage mat 20 are laid on the water retention / drainage mat 20. In addition, the form which lays the plant 22 is not limited to the said form, You may lay one plant of the substantially same size as the water retention / drainage mat 20, and is still smaller than the plant 22 of this embodiment. Multiple plants of size may be laid.

  On the other hand, a water supply member 24 is provided between the water retention / drainage mat 20 and the plant 22. The water supply member 24 is made of a long nonwoven fabric, and a substantially central portion is stretched over the upper surface of the water retention / drainage mat 20, and both ends hang downward along the side surface of the water retention / drainage mat 20. 16 is located.

  Thereby, the both ends of the water supply member 24 are immersed in the water stored in the water storage section 16, and the water spreads throughout the water supply member 24 by capillary action. Then, water is supplied to the soil of the water retention / drainage mat 20 and the plant 22 at a substantially central portion of the water supply member 24.

  Both ends of the water supply member 24 are located near the bottom surface 12 </ b> A of the container 12. Thereby, even if the water level in the water storage part 16 becomes low, the water in the water storage part 16 is absorbed by the water supply member 24. Further, by using a non-woven fabric as the water supply member 24, it is possible to control the amount of water supplied when supplying water to the water retention / drainage mat 20 according to the wet and dry state of the water retention / drainage mat 20.

  In addition, in this embodiment, it was set as the structure which positions the edge part of the both sides of the water supply member 24 in the water storage part 16, However, As long as only one edge part is located in the water storage part 16, a water supply member by capillary phenomenon Water can be spread throughout 24.

  On the other hand, a drainage member 26 is provided on the side wall 12 </ b> B of the container 12. The drainage member 26 is made of a strip-shaped non-woven fabric, one end is located near the lower surface of the planting base support member 18 inside the side wall 12B, and the other end is located near the ground outside the side wall 12B of the container 12. In this way, the container 12 is stretched over the side wall 12B.

  Thereby, when the water level stored in the water storage unit 16 rises to the vicinity of the lower surface of the planting base support member 18 and reaches one end of the drainage member 26, the water in the water storage unit 16 is drained. It is sucked up along the inside of the side wall 12B of the container 12 by 26 capillary action. And the water which reached the upper end part of the side wall 12B is drained from the other end part of the drainage member 26 to the outside (ground) of the container 12 by the drainage member 26 suspended from the side wall 12B. Yes. In this way, by configuring the drainage member 26 with a non-woven fabric, the drainage rate at which the water in the container 12 is drained to the outside of the container 12 can be controlled simply by changing the width size.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the greening container 10 is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the support member 14 is disposed at a substantially central portion of the bottom surface 12 </ b> A of the container 12. A planting base support member 18 is disposed on the support member 14 as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the container 12 has a square shape with a bottom surface 12A of 500 mm square.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, the water supply member 24 made of a long nonwoven fabric is passed over the water retention / drainage mat 20. Then, as shown in FIG. 2D, the water retention / drainage mat 20 is disposed on the planting base support member 18. At this time, the water supply member 24 laid over the water retention / drainage mat 20 is sandwiched between the water retention / drainage mat 20 and the side wall 12B of the planting base support member 18 and the side wall 12B of the container 12, and both ends thereof are the bottom surfaces of the container 12 12A is in contact.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (E), four plants 22 are placed on the water retention / drainage mat 20, and a drainage member 26 made of a strip-shaped nonwoven fabric is stretched over the side wall 12 </ b> B of the container 12. One end of the drainage member 26 is positioned at the same height as the bottom surface of the planting base support member 18, and the other end is brought into contact with the ground outside the container 12.

  The greening of the roof is performed by arranging a plurality of the greening containers 10 manufactured in the above process on the roof of the building, for example.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  A water retention / drainage mat 20 is supported in the container 12 constituting the greening container 10 by the planting base support member 18 and the support member 14, and water can be stored between the bottom surface 12 </ b> A of the container 12. Is forming.

  A plant 22 is placed on the water retention / drainage mat 20, and the water that has permeated into the soil of the plant 22 permeates the water retention / drainage mat 20 provided under the plant 22 in excess of the water retention capacity of the soil. . A part of the water that has permeated into the water retention / drainage mat 20 is retained in the water retention / drainage mat 20, and the amount exceeding the water retention capacity of the water retention / drainage mat 20 passes through the planting base support member 18 and is stored in the water storage section 16 of the container 12. It is stored in. When the water in the water storage unit 16 exceeds the set water level, the excess water is discharged out of the container 12 by the drainage member 26. The set water level in the water storage unit 16 is determined from the allowable load of the building or the like on which the greening container 10 is placed, the amount of water for one month necessary for the growth of the plant 22, and the like. Therefore, it is not always necessary to position one end of the drainage member 26 in the vicinity of the lower surface of the planting base support member 18 as in this embodiment.

  The water stored in the water storage unit 16 is supplied to the water holding / draining mat 20 and the soil of the plant 22 by the water supply member 24 when the soil of the water holding / draining mat 20 and the plant 22 is dried.

  Thus, by providing the planting base support member 18, the water retention / drainage mat 20, and the plant 22 in the container 12, water can be stored even in the soil of the planting base support member 18, the water retention / drainage mat 20, and the plant 22. . For this reason, when there is a large amount of rain, a large amount of water is stored in the container 12, so that there is no risk that rainwater will flow into rivers, sewage, etc. at once and cause urban flooding.

  Further, the water that is gradually drained by the drainage member 26 and remains in the water reservoir 16 is stored for a long time. When the soil of the plant 22 is dry, such as when there is little rainfall, the water stored in the water storage section 16 is supplied to the water retention / drainage mat 20 and the soil of the plant 22 by the water supply member 24. Thereby, it is not necessary to irrigate the plant 22 even when there is little or no rainfall, so that the irrigation means can be omitted.

  Furthermore, water stored in the water storage unit 16 is supplied according to the wet and dry state of the water retention / drainage mat 20 and the plant 22 by supplying water to the water retention / drainage mat 20 and the plant 22 by capillary phenomenon. The amount of water supplied to the drain mat 20 can be controlled. Further, unlike the conventional case, it is not necessary to fill the water reservoir 16 with a porous gravel material or the like to cause a capillary phenomenon, so the greening container 10 does not become heavy.

  In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, although the water supply member 24 of the width | variety which covers only a part of the water retention / drainage mat 20 was used, according to the request | requirement water amount of the plant currently planted by the plant 22 The width size of the water supply member 24 may be changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the width covers about one-third of the area of the water retention / drainage mat 20, or as shown in FIG. 3B, about half the area of the water retention / drainage mat 20 Or a size that covers the entire water retention / drainage mat 20 as shown in FIG. Thus, by using the water supply member 24 made of non-woven fabric, the amount of water supply per hour can be controlled simply by changing the type and width of the non-woven fabric.

  Moreover, although this embodiment demonstrated by the structure which mounts the water retention / drainage mat 20 on the planting base support member 18, it can replace with the water retention / drainage mat 20, and can also use what spread | cultivated soil and leveled. At this time, by spreading a non-woven filter on the planting base support member 18 and placing the soil on it, it is possible to prevent the soil from flowing out.

  Next, the greening container 30 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the description about the part similar to 1st Embodiment is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a drain hole 32 is provided on the side wall 12 </ b> B of the container 12 at a predetermined water level (near the lower surface of the planting base support member 18). As a result, when the water level stored in the water storage unit 16 rises and reaches the predetermined water level, the water is drained from the drain hole 32 to the outside of the container 12.

  In this way, since no other member is required to drain the excess water of the water storage section 16, the number of members can be reduced. Further, by adjusting the number of drain holes 32, the drainage speed of the water stored in the water storage section 16 can be controlled.

  In the present embodiment, only one is provided on the side wall 12B of the container 12, but a plurality of drain holes 32 may be provided according to the amount of water stored in the water storage section 16 (volume of the container 12). . Further, the diameter of the drain holes 32 may be increased without increasing the number of the drain holes 32.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the plant 22 is accommodated in the container 12, but as shown in FIG. 5, up to the water retention / drainage mat 20 is accommodated in the container 12, and the plant 22 is stored in the container 12. You may be allowed to go outside. Thereby, when a plurality of greening containers are laid, the roots of the plants 22 of the adjacent greening containers can be entangled, so that the stability of the greening containers can be achieved.

  Next, a greening container 60 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the greening container 60 includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container 62 having an open upper surface and a storage space 63 in which water is stored. And the water which flowed in in the container 62 is stored in the storage space 63 of the container 62 for a long term.

  On the container 62, a wire net 68 having a size slightly larger than the size of the bottom surface 62A of the container 62 is placed. The metal mesh 68 is supported by the side wall 62 </ b> B of the container 62, and the container 62 is closed by the metal mesh 68.

  On the wire mesh 68, a water retention / drainage mat 70 having the same size as the wire mesh 68 is placed. That is, the water retention / drainage mat 70 is arranged in a state of being supported on the container 62 by the metal mesh 68. The water retention / drainage mat 70 is formed by alternately laminating drainage layers and water retention layers, and has a water retention function and a drainage function. Thereby, a part of the water supplied to the water retention / drainage mat 70 is retained by the water retention layer of the water retention / drainage mat 70, and a part (the amount that cannot be retained by the water retention layer) is drained through the drainage layer. It is like that. On this water retention / drainage mat 70, a plant 72 having substantially the same size as the water retention / drainage mat 70 is placed.

  A water supply member 74 is provided between the plant 72 and the water retention / drainage mat 70. The water supply member 74 is made of a long nonwoven fabric, and its substantially central portion is stretched over the upper surface of the water retention / drainage mat 70, and both ends hang downward along the side surface of the water retention / drainage mat 70. Located in.

  As a result, both ends of the water supply member 74 are immersed in the water stored in the container 62 so that the water is distributed throughout the water supply member 74 by capillary action. Then, water is supplied to the water retention / drainage mat 70 and the soil of the plant 72 at a substantially central portion of the water supply member 74.

  Further, a drainage member 76 made of a strip-shaped nonwoven fabric is stretched over the side wall 62B of the container 62. One end portion of the drainage member 76 is located in the vicinity of the bottom surface 62A, and the other end portion hangs along the outside of the side wall 64B of the container 62 and is located at a predetermined water level near the wire mesh.

  Thereby, when water is stored in the container 62 up to the storage amount limit (predetermined water level) of the container 62 (storage space 63), the water is drained to the outside (ground) of the container 62 by the capillary phenomenon of the drainage member 76. It has become.

  Next, the operation of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  The container 62 is provided with a storage space 63 in which water is stored. Water that has permeated into the soil of the water retention / drainage mat 70 and the plant 72 placed on the container 62 has exceeded the water retention capacity of the soil. Penetrates into the water retention / drainage mat 70. Then, the portion exceeding the water retention capacity of the water retention / drainage mat 70 passes through the wire mesh 68 and is stored in the storage space 63 of the container 62 for a long time.

  The water stored in the storage space 63 rises by the capillary phenomenon of the water supply member 74 and is supplied to the water retention / drainage mat 70. Further, when the water stored in the storage space 63 of the container 62 exceeds a predetermined water level, a predetermined amount is drained out of the container 62 by the drainage member 76.

  As described above, since the water is stored in the storage space 63 of the container 62, even if there is a large amount of rainfall, the rainwater may flow into the river or sewage at a time and cause urban flooding. Absent.

  Further, the water stored in the storage space 63 is supplied to the water retention / drainage mat 70 by the capillary phenomenon of the water supply member 74 when the water retention / drainage mat 70 is dried, and the water is supplied to the plants 72 placed on the water retention / drainage mat 70. Therefore, it is not necessary to irrigate the plant 72 even when there is no rainfall.

  Further, by supplying water to the water retention / drainage mat 70 by a capillary phenomenon, the water retention / drainage mat 70 (the plant 72 placed on the water retention / drainage mat 70) has a container 62 attached to the water retention / drainage mat 70. Since the water stored in the storage space 63 is supplied, the amount of water supplied to the water retention / drainage mat 70 can be controlled.

  Moreover, even if the weight of the water retention / drainage mat 70 becomes heavy due to water penetration, the water retention / drainage mat 70 is supported by supporting the metal mesh 68 on the upper side of the side wall 62B of the container 62 and spanning the wire mesh 68 over the opening of the container 62. Is supported by the wire mesh 68, it does not fall into the opening of the container 62.

  Next, a greening container 80 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the description about the part similar to 3rd Embodiment is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a drain hole 82 is provided in the side wall 62 </ b> B of the container 62. Thereby, when the water level of the container 62 rises and reaches a predetermined water level, excess water is drained from the drain hole 82 to the outside of the container 62.

  In this manner, since no other member is required to drain the excess water of the container 62 (water remaining in the container 62), the number of members can be reduced. Further, by adjusting the number of drain holes 82, the drainage rate of the water remaining in the container 62 can be controlled.

  In the present embodiment, the metal mesh 68 is supported by the side wall 62B of the container 62. However, as long as it is a member having load resistance and drainage of the weight of the person and the weight of the plant 72 during maintenance work, The member placed on the container 62 is not limited to the wire mesh 68. For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, a perforated plastic plate (perforated metal plate) 84 in which a plurality of holes 84B are formed in a plate-like member 84A made of plastic or metal, or as shown in FIG. 8B. Such a grating 86 may be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 8C, a support member 88 in which a plurality of legs 88 </ b> B are provided on a punching plate 88 </ b> A may be provided in the container 62. That is, the support member 88 is not displaced with respect to the container 62 by supporting the punching plate 88A on the bottom surface 62A of the container 62 via the leg portion 88B. The mat 70 and the plant 72 are stabilized.

  In this embodiment, the metal mesh 68 is supported by the side wall 62B of the container 62. However, as shown in FIG. 9, a step 90 is formed on the side wall 62B of the container 62, and the metal mesh 68 is formed by the step 90. May be supported. With such a configuration, since the plant 22 is accommodated in the container 62, when a plurality of greening containers are spread, the roots of the plants 22 of the adjacent greening containers are not entangled.

  Next, a greening container 92 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the description about the part similar to 4th Embodiment is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 10, a fan-shaped overhanging portion 92 is provided at each corner of the container 96 from the upper surface of the container 96 to the stepped portion 98. An excess drainage hole 94 is formed in the overhanging portion 92 so that water flows from the excess drainage hole 92 into the container 96 through the wire mesh 68.

  With such a configuration, even when there is a lot of rainfall per hour and the rainwater flows to the outside of the greening container before penetrating into the soil of the plant 72, the rainwater quickly flows into the container 96 from the excess drainage hole 94. And stored in the container 96. Therefore, there is no risk that rainwater will flow into rivers, sewage, etc. at once.

  In this embodiment, the excess drainage hole 94 is integrally provided in the container 96. However, as shown in FIG. 11, a pipe 152 in which the excess drainage hole 154 is formed separately from the container 150 is connected to the container 150. The pipe 152 may be sandwiched between the water retention / drainage mat 70, the plant 72, and the container 150 by being set on the corner and on the wire net 68. At this time, the upper surface of the pipe 152 is disposed so as to be substantially flush with the upper surface of the plant 72 or below the upper surface of the plant 72. As a result, rainwater that has flowed down the soil surface without penetrating into the soil of the plant 72 flows into the container 150 from the excess drain hole 154 of the pipe 152.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 12A, a frame body 158 in which an excessive drain hole 156 is formed may be disposed over the entire inner edge of the container 150. Thereby, even when the rainfall per hour is very large, rainwater flows into the container 150 at once from the plurality of excessive drain holes 156. Therefore, the rainwater is stored in the container 150 and does not flow into the river or sewage at once. Further, when the surface on which the greening container is placed is inclined, as shown in FIG. 12B, the excess drainage hole 160 is formed only in one piece of the container 150 located on the downstream side of the inclination. A pipe 162 may be arranged. That is, by disposing the pipe 162 only on the side where the water flows down, it is not necessary to dispose the pipe 162 wastefully, leading to savings in material costs.

It is sectional drawing which shows the greening container which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of the greening container which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the other form of the water supply member used for a greening container. It is sectional drawing which shows the greening container which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the greening container of other forms. It is sectional drawing which shows the greening container which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the greening container which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the planting part support layer used for the greening container of other embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the greening container of other forms. (A) is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the greening container which concerns on 5th Embodiment, (B) is a fragmentary sectional view. (A) is a disassembled perspective view of the greening container of another form, (B) is a partial perspective view. (A) and (B) are the partial perspective views of the greening container of other forms.

Explanation of symbols

10 Greening container 12 Container (water storage container)
18 Planting base support member (temporary reservoir)
20 Water retention drainage mat or soil (water retention drainage layer)
22 Plant (Planting Department)
24 Water supply member (Water supply member)
26 Drainage member (drainage means)
30 Greening container 32 Drain hole (drainage means)
60 Greening container 62 Container (water storage container)
68 Wire mesh (planting part support layer)
70 Water retention drainage mat or soil (water retention drainage layer)
72 Plant (Planting Department)
74 Water supply member (Water supply member)
76 Drainage member (Drainage means)
82 Drainage hole (drainage means)
90 Step part 94 Excess drainage hole (guidance part)
154 Excess drain hole (guidance part)
156 Excess drain hole (guidance part)

Claims (12)

A water storage container having a space for storing water;
A water retention drainage layer or soil that is stored inside the water storage container and on which the planting part is placed, and
A support member which is provided in the water storage container and supports the water retention drainage layer or soil and forms a space for storing water between the bottom surface of the water storage container;
A water supply member for supplying water stored in the water storage container to the water retention drainage layer or culture soil by capillary action;
When the water stored in the water storage container exceeds a set water level, drainage means for draining a predetermined amount outside the water storage container;
A greening container characterized by comprising:   Between the water retention drainage layer or culture soil and the set water level, temporarily storing water that has flowed into the water retention drainage layer or culture soil, and a temporary storage layer that drains water exceeding the set water level outside the water storage container The greening container according to claim 1, wherein the container is green.   The said water supply member is a nonwoven fabric in which one end part contacts the said water retention drainage layer or culture soil, and the other end part is immersed in the water stored by the said water storage container. The greening container described in 1.   The drainage means is a non-woven fabric that is hung on a side wall of the water storage container, one end portion is located at the set water level, and the other end portion is brought out of the water storage container and is located at a lower position than the set water level. The greening container according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the container is a greening container.   The greening container according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drainage means is a drain hole formed in a side wall of the water storage container and located at the set water level. A water storage container having a space for storing water;
A water retention drainage layer or soil that is provided on the top of the water storage container and on which the planting part is placed,
A water supply member for supplying water stored in the water storage container to the water retention drainage layer or culture soil by capillary action;
When the water stored in the water storage container exceeds a set water level, drainage means for draining an excessive amount outside the water storage container;
A greening container characterized by comprising:   The said water supply member is a nonwoven fabric which one end part contacts the said water retention drainage layer or culture soil, and the other end part is immersed in the water stored by the said water storage container, The Claim 1 or Claim 6 characterized by the above-mentioned. The greening container described in 1.   The drainage means is a non-woven fabric hung on a side wall of the water storage container, one end portion being positioned at the set water level, and the other end portion coming out of the box. Item 8. The greening container according to item 7.   The greening container according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the drainage means is a drain hole formed on a side wall of the water storage container and located at the set water level.   The planting part support layer is spanned over the opening of the water storage container, and the water retention drainage layer or culture soil is placed on the planting part support layer. Greening container.   The step part over which the planting part support layer in which the said water retention drainage layer or culture soil is mounted is formed in the side wall of the said water storage container is characterized by the above-mentioned. Greening container.   The guide part which guide | induces the water which flows into the upper surface of the said planting part into the said water storage container is arrange | positioned inside the side wall of the said water storage container, The Claim 10 or Claim 11 characterized by the above-mentioned. Greening container.

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