JP2004261135A

JP2004261135A - Structure for greening and greening equipment

Info

Publication number: JP2004261135A
Application number: JP2003056641A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Minoru Yoshida; 稔吉田
Original assignee: Kyodo Ky Tec Corp
Current assignee: Kyodo Ky Tec Corp
Priority date: 2003-03-04
Filing date: 2003-03-04
Publication date: 2004-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 2023-03-04
Also published as: JP4279009B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To well maintain runoff suppressing functions of rainwater and readily change the installation and uninstallation of a temporary storage part. <P>SOLUTION: A structure for greening is obtained as follows. A water storage layer is provided under a planting layer and used as greening equipment equipped with a temporary storage layer temporarily storing rainwater under the water storage layer. A water storage part constituting the water storage layer and the temporary storage part constituting the temporary storage layer are provided, and the water storage part is demountable from the temporary storage part. A hollow cylindrical first water conveying means for conveying excessive water to the temporary storage part is installed in the water storage part and a second water conveying means filled with a water conveying member for discharging water to the outside is provided in the temporary storage part. The upper limit water conveying speed of the second water conveying means is set at a lower speed than the upper limit water conveying speed of the first water conveying means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、屋上、ベランダ等に緑化エリアを形成する緑化設備及び緑化用構造体に係り、特に雨水等の流出を抑制して都市型洪水を防止することができる緑化用構造体及び緑化設備に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、多くの地域で都市化の進展が著しいが、一般に都市化された地域では道路や建物等がコンクリート等の保水性の悪い材料で覆われているため、雨水を貯留する能力が著しく低下しており、下水道の普及とも相俟って、雨水が河川へ到達する時間が短くなっている。そのため、都市化の進展に伴って都市河川が氾濫する都市型洪水が頻繁に発生しており、都市浸水災害の増大が大きな問題となっている。また、ヒートアイランド現象の防止等を図り都市環境を向上すべく、都市緑化が盛んに行われている。
【０００３】
そして、都市緑化を図りつつ都市型洪水を防止する対策として、例えば建物の屋上面に土壌を敷設し、土壌に芝生、樹木、草花等を植栽して緑化エリアを形成することで、都市緑化を図ると共に、土壌に雨水を含浸させ雨水の流出を抑制することが行われているが、建物の屋上面に土壌を敷設する場合には土壌厚の問題が発生する。即ち、土壌の保水性は限られるため、土壌厚を厚くして保水性を向上させることになるが、土壌厚を厚くすると土壌荷重が増大し、建物の耐荷重性の範囲を超えてしまうという問題を生じ、逆に土壌厚を薄くすると雨水の含浸量が殆どなくなるため、都市型洪水の対策に役立たなくなってしまう。
【０００４】
そのため、土壌厚や土壌荷重を増加せずに緑化エリアの保水能力を向上することに関連する技術が特許文献１〜３で提案されている。特許文献１には、ハウジング内の下部に多孔質礫状材を充填した各貯水槽を設け、各貯水槽の上部と隣接する貯水槽の隙間とその上部に、所定量以上の雨水が降ると各貯水槽に通過させる地盤を保持板で保持して設け、各貯水槽と前記地盤との間に給水制限シートを設け、各貯水槽の水位が前記隙間の地盤の下端面より上昇したときに、前記地盤を経て雨水を前記ハウジング外に徐々に排出する排出手段を前記隙間に配設する雨水貯留型植栽地盤が開示されている。
【０００５】
また、特許文献２には、雨水等を所定の水位以下に制御しながら貯留すると共に空気層を形成する貯留水槽と、貯留水槽内に設置される土壌層支持構造体と、土壌層支持構造体上に形成される植栽用土壌層と、貯留水槽内の貯留水を植栽用土上層に給水する給水手段を有し、余剰水をオリフィス、オーバーフロー管、ポンプで排水する貯留緑化給水システムが開示されている。
【０００６】
また、特許文献３には、植栽部の余剰水を受け入れる一時貯留部を備え、一時貯留部に内部の水を流出する流出部を設け、植栽部と一時貯留部との間に余剰水を一時貯留部へ流入する流入部を設け、流出部から流出可能な単位時間当たりの水分量上限値が流入部から流入可能な単位時間当たりの水分量上限値未満となるように設定し、一時貯留部で降雨のピーク時に於ける流出量をカットする緑化設備で、貯水トレー上に一時貯留部が配置されるものが開示されている。
【０００７】
【特許文献１】特許第３１２１１７４号公報
【特許文献２】特開２００２−２９４７６６号公報
【特許文献３】特開２００２−２４７９１４号公報
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、特許文献１の植栽地盤は、雨水の貯水槽内に多孔質礫状材が充填されていることから、貯水槽の外観に比し貯水空間が極めて少なくなる。そのため、緑化エリアの保水能力を高めるために、植栽地盤或いは多孔質礫状材が充填された貯水槽の高さを高くして大型化する必要が生じ、植栽地盤の重量が重くなってしまう。また、前記植栽地盤は、保持板上の地盤の下端面の位置より貯水槽の水位が上になった場合に、水を貯水槽上部の地盤中に一旦上昇し、前記保持板上の地盤を経て排水する構成であるから、地盤が潤っている場合には水分の上昇による排水機能が発揮できず、例えば少量の雨が降り続いた際には雨水が全く排水されずに貯水槽が満水状態になってしまう。さらに、貯水槽で毛細管現象が生ずることから、排水すべき水分が貯水槽間の排水手段では無く貯水槽に続々と導かれ、貯水槽の満水状態がより早く到来してしまう。そして、貯水槽が満水状態で、その後に雨量のピークに達した場合には、雨水の流出量を抑制することは殆どできなくなってしまう。
【０００９】
これに対し、特許文献２の緑化設備は、不必要に重量を増加せず、雨水の流出抑制機能を維持することが可能であるが、緑化設備の全体に一律で雨水を一時貯留する構造を設ける高価なものであるため、一時貯留構造を不要とすることや低価格化を望む顧客ニーズに合致しない場合がある。更に、一時貯留構造を取り替え、貯留可能な水分量を変更する作業等を容易に行うことができず、一端施工が完了した後に一時貯留性能をアップさせたい場合等には、再施工して部材を全て取り替える作業等を行う必要が生じ、施工性に劣り高コストになる。
【００１０】
また、特許文献３の緑化設備は、植栽部と貯水トレーの間に一時貯留部が設けられるため、緑化設備や植栽部の高さが高いものになり、例えば一時貯留部が不要な顧客に対しても、無駄な高さを有する緑化設備や植栽部を提供することになり、顧客の要望に沿えない場合も生ずる。更に、植栽部からの余剰水が一時貯留部へ流入するため、一時貯留部内に土壌等の育成材が入り込んで流出口を塞ぐ等により、一時貯留性能を維持できない虞がある。更に、一時貯留部と貯水トレーが全く異なる構造で、２種類の部材を別途に容易する必要があり、製造コストが高コストになる。
【００１１】
そのため、不必要に重量を増加せず、雨水の流出抑制機能を維持することが可能であると共に、顧客の要望に応じて一時貯留層の設置や不設置を容易に変更することが可能であり、又、低コストで良好な施工性を有する緑化設備が切望されている。
【００１２】
本発明は上記課題に鑑み提案するものであって、不必要に重量を増加させずに雨水の流出抑制機能を良好に維持することが可能であり、又、顧客の要望に応じて一時貯留部或いは一時貯留層の設置や不設置を容易に変更することが可能であり、又、低コスト化を図ることができ、良好な施工性が得られる緑化用構造体及び緑化設備を提供することを目的とする。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の緑化用構造体は、植物を栽培可能な植栽層の下方に貯水可能な貯水層若しくは保水可能な保水層を設け、該貯水層若しくは保水層の下方に雨水を一時的に貯留可能な一時貯留層を設ける緑化設備で用いられる緑化用構造体であって、該貯水層若しくは保水層を構成する貯水部若しくは保水部と該一時貯留層を構成する一時貯留部を有し、該貯水部若しくは保水部と該一時貯留部が着脱可能であることを特徴とする。
【００１４】
また、本発明の緑化用構造体は、植物を栽培可能な植栽層の下方に貯水可能な貯水層若しくは保水可能な保水層を設け、該貯水層若しくは保水層の下方に雨水を一時的に貯留可能な一時貯留層を設ける緑化設備で用いられる緑化用構造体であって、該貯水層若しくは保水層を構成する貯水部若しくは保水部と該一時貯留層を構成する一時貯留部を有し、該貯水部若しくは保水部に余剰水を該一時貯留部へ導く第１導水手段が設けられ、該一時貯留部に外部へ水分を排出する第２導水手段が設けられ、該第２導水手段の上限導水速度を該第１導水手段の上限導水速度よりも遅く設定されていることを特徴とする。更に、第１導水手段の水分の導入口を貯水部の略上部の所定高さに設ける等、所定貯水量を超える場合に第１導水手段が一時貯留部への導水を開始する構成とすると好適である。
【００１５】
更に、本発明の緑化用構造体は、前記第２導水手段が、前記一時貯留部の底面近傍に設けられた開口部に導水可能な導水部材を充填してなることを特徴とする。前記導水部材は、例えば毛細管現象により導水可能な導水部材とする。
【００１６】
更に、本発明の緑化用構造体は、前記貯水部若しくは保水部と一時貯留部が同一構造であることを特徴とする。好適には、上記開口部を薄肉形成されるノックアウト構造とするとよい。
【００１７】
また、本発明の緑化設備は、植物を栽培可能な植栽層の下方に貯水可能な貯水層若しくは保水可能な保水層を設け、該貯水層若しくは保水層の下方に雨水を一時的に貯留可能な一時貯留層を設けることを特徴とし、更に、本発明の緑化用構造体は、植物を栽培可能な植栽層の下方に貯水可能な貯水層若しくは保水可能な保水層を設け、該貯水層若しくは保水層の下方に雨水を一時的に貯留可能な一時貯留層を設ける緑化設備で用いられる緑化用構造体で、貯水部若しくは保水部の下方に雨水を一時的に貯留可能な一時貯留部が設けられるものとする。
【００１８】
【作用】
本発明の緑化用構造体等は、植栽層の下方に設けられる貯水部若しくは保水部の下方に一時貯留部を設け、貯水部若しくは保水部と一時貯留部を着脱可能とすることにより、顧客の要望に沿って適宜一時貯留層を取り付け或いは取り除くことが可能となり、例えば一時貯留部を取り外して緑化用構造体や緑化設備の一部或いは全体の高さを抑えることができる。更には、不必要に重量を増やさずに、所望の雨水の流出抑制機能を発揮させることが可能である。
【００１９】
また、本発明の緑化用構造体等は、植栽層の下方に設けられる貯水部若しくは保水部の下方に一時貯留部を設け、貯水部若しくは保水部に余剰水を一時貯留部へ導く第１導水手段を設け、一時貯留部に外部へ水分を排出する第２導水手段を設け、第２導水手段の上限導水速度を第１導水手段の上限導水速度よりも遅く設定することにより、第２導水手段の導水速度を超える降雨量があった場合には一時貯留部に水分を貯留して、降雨のピーク時等に於ける雨水の流出抑制を容易且つ確実に行うことができる。更に、第１導水手段の水分の導入口を貯水部の略上部の所定高さに設ける等により、植栽層からの余剰水に混入して育成材等が貯水部等に落下した場合にも貯水部等から一時貯留部への落下を防止することができ、第２導水手段が詰まる等で流出抑制機能や排出機能が阻害されることを防ぐことができる。
【００２０】
また、第２導水手段を一時貯留部の底面近傍に設けられた開口部に導水可能な導水部材を充填して構成することにより、万一、一時貯留部に異物が入った場合にも、第２導水手段に異物が詰まって導水或いは排水できなくなる等の不具合を防止することができ、一時貯留部内の全ての水分を良好に排出することが可能となる。
【００２１】
また、貯水部若しくは保水部と一時貯留部が同一構造とし、好適には上記開口部を薄肉形成されるノックアウト構造とすると、貯水部若しくは保水部と一時貯留部を別個に製造して用意する必要がなくなり、緑化用構造体や緑化設備の低コスト化を図ることができる。
【００２２】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の実施形態について図面に沿って説明する。図１及び図２は本発明の第１実施形態に関し、図１は貯水部及び一時貯留部を示す図、図２は緑化設備を示す図である。
【００２３】
第１実施形態に於ける緑化用構造体１０は貯水部２０及び一時貯留部３０を有し、貯水部２０は、図１に示すように、平面視略正方形で側壁２１及び底面２２を有する上面開口の略箱形であって、底面２２の下面の四隅近傍から下方に突出して脚部２３が設けられており、脚部２３を後述する一時貯留部３０の上面開口に嵌め込んで位置決め可能な構成である。又、底面２２の上面の所定箇所から上方に突出して平面視略十字形の第１柱状部材２４が複数（図示例では１６本）設けられ、第１柱状部材２４は側壁２１と略同一高さまで立設され、後述する植栽層４００からの踏圧等の外力或いは植栽層自体の重さを支持し、貯水部２０の変形を防止可能な構成である。
【００２４】
貯水部２０の左右の側壁２１の近傍には、余剰水を流出する第１導水手段２５が複数（図示例では６本）立設されている。本実施形態の第１導水手段２５は中空筒形で、その上端が側壁２１よりも低く形成されていると共に、前記中空は底面２２の下面まで連なって下端が開口しており、貯水部２０内の水位が第１導水手段２５の上端よりも高い水量になると、上端の開口から筒内を通って下端の開口から後述する一時貯留部３０へ導出或いは排出する構成であり、第１導水手段２５の上端の高さによって貯水部２０内に貯水可能な水量或いは水位が決定されている。
【００２５】
一時貯留部３０は、貯水部２０と略同大同形で側壁３１及び底面３２を有する上面開口の略箱形であって、底面３２の下面の四隅近傍から下方に突出して脚部３３が設けられており、脚部３３で敷設面５００に敷設した際に一時貯留部３０の底面３２と敷設面５００との間に排水空間Ｓを形成し、後述する第２導水手段３５から排出された水分をスムーズに外部に排出可能になっている。又、底面３２の上面の載置される貯水部２０の第１柱状部材２４の下端と対応する位置からそれぞれ上方に突出して平面視略十字形の第２柱状部材３４が複数（図示例では１６本）設けられ、第２柱状部材３４は側壁３１と略同一高さまで立設され、貯水部２の重さや植栽層の重さや植栽層からの踏圧等の外力を支持し、一時貯留部３０の変形を防止可能な構成である。
【００２６】
一時貯留部３０の底面３２の中央近傍には４つの排出口３５１が穿設されており、各排出口３５１に不織布等の毛細管現象を利用して水分を外部に導水可能な導水部材３５２が嵌め込まれて或いは充填されてなる第２導水手段３５が設けられ、第２導水手段３５により一時貯留部３０内の水分が外部に排出されるようになっている。
【００２７】
そして、一時貯留部３０の上方に貯水部２０を載置し、貯水部２０の脚部２３を一時貯留部３０の上面開口側から側壁３１内に嵌め込んで、側壁３１の内面に当接させて位置決め固定し、緑化用構造体１０が構成される。緑化用構造体１０では、筒形の第１導水手段２５は貯水部２０内の余剰水が筒の内部を落下する上限導水速度が速い構成で、他方、第２導水手段３５は毛細管現象を利用して一時貯留部３０内の水分を徐々に外部へ排出し、最終的には降雨がなくなった後に一時貯留部３０内の水分を略全て排出可能な上限導水速度が遅い構成であり、一時貯留部３０の第２導水手段３５から外部へ排出される単位時間当たりの上限導水量（上限導水速度）は、貯水部２０の第１導水手段２５から一時貯留部３０内へ導水可能な上限導水速度よりも遅く設定されている。
【００２８】
また、例えば屋上等の人工地盤上に緑化エリアを形成するため、緑化用構造体１０を複数敷設し、緑化用構造体１０の貯水部２０上に植栽層４００を形成して緑化設備１００を構成する場合には、図２に示すように、一時貯留部３０を敷設面５００に複数敷設し、その一時貯留部３０上に貯水部２０を載置して設けて、或いは一時貯留部３０上に貯水部２０を載置した緑化用構造体１０の状態で複数敷設面５００に敷設して、一時貯留層３００及び貯水層２００を形成し、その貯水部２０の上に植栽層４００を形成する。植栽層４００は、例えばある程度剛性を有する不織布或いは板状材等からなる植栽層支持部材４０１を貯水部２０上に敷設し、後述する吸水部材４０４を設け、その上に土壌等の育成材４０２を敷設し、その育成材４０２或いはその上で植物４０３を栽培可能として構成する。
【００２９】
前記植栽層４００の底部である植栽層支持部材４０１は、敷設された状態で第１柱状部材２４或いは第１柱状部材２４及び側壁２１により支持される。植栽層支持部材４０１には、雨水等の余剰水を貯水部２０内へ導くための複数の排出口（図示せず）が穿設されていると共に、吸水部材４０４を挿通可能な挿通口（図示せず）が貯水部２０に併せて複数穿設され、前記挿通口に挿通される吸水部材４０４は植栽層４００の育成材４０２の水分が不足した場合に貯水部２０内の水分を毛細管現象等で吸水するようになっている。
【００３０】
上記緑化設備１００に於いて、上からの降雨は図２の２点鎖線の矢印のように植栽層４００の育成材４０２内に浸透し、植栽層４００からの余剰水は植栽層支持部材４０１の排出口から貯水部２０内へ導かれる。貯水部２０に導かれた水分は第１導水手段２５の上端位置の水位Ｗまでは貯水部２０内に貯水され、それ以上の余剰水は第１導水手段２５から一時貯留部３０内へ排出或いは導水される。前記一時貯留部３０内へ導水される水分の導水速度が第２導水手段３５の外部への上限導水速度以上である場合には一時貯留部３０内に徐々に水分が貯留され、又、第２導水手段３５の上限導水速度以下の水分が貯水部２０から導水される場合には、水分はそのまま貯留されることなく外部へ排出される。
【００３１】
前記構成により、例えば多量の降雨時には植栽層４００の育成材４０２にある程度の水分を保水し、育成材４０２に保水しきれなかった水分は貯水部２０内に貯水し、貯水部２０内に貯水しきれなかった水分は単位時間当たりの降雨量が所定量以上の降雨の場合は一時貯留部３０内で貯水し、降雨時に河川へ流出する水分量のピークカットが可能となる。また、降雨後には、植栽層４００の育成材４０２の保水は植物４０３の育成に使用され、且つ貯水部２０内の貯水された水分は維持され、貯水部２０内の水分は植栽層４００の育成材４０２の水分が不足した場合に吸水部材４０４で育成材４０２へ吸水されるので、植物４０３の育成に有効利用される。また、逆に一時貯留部４０３内の水分は時間の経過と共に略全て外部に排出して、集中豪雨など降雨ピーク時やその直後の河川への流入量を効率よく確実にカットすることができ、次回の降雨時には空の状態を維持することが可能である。
【００３２】
上記第１実施形態の緑化用構造体１０或いは緑化設備１００を用いることにより、例えば屋上等の人工地盤上に容易に緑化エリアを形成することができると共に、大規模な設備や重い荷重の設備を要することなく、降雨ピーク時やその直後の河川への雨水流入量をカットし、カットした雨水が河川へ到達する時間を遅らせることが可能となり、都市型洪水を防止することができる。また、雨水の流出を抑制する構造が緑化エリアの内部に存在するため、外観美を損なうことなく、且つ緑化による効果を維持しながら、雨水流出抑制効果を発揮できる。
【００３３】
また、一時貯留部３０が貯水部２０と着脱自在であるため、例えば顧客の要望に応じて、或いは地域に応じて一時貯留部３０が不要な場合に、容易に取り外して対応可能であると共に、複数の深さの一時貯留部３０を用意することにより、多様な深さに容易に対応することができる。また、植栽層４００からの余剰水を貯水部２０の第１導水手段２５を介して一時貯留部３０へ導くもので、前記筒状の第１導水手段２５の上端の大きな導水口から導水するものであるから、植栽層４００からの育成材４０２の落下等により第２導水手段３５或いはその導水口が塞がれることがなく、更に、育成材４０２は一時貯留部３０内に落下することが殆ど無く、更には第２導水手段３５に導水部材３５２を設けて確実な排水を確保していることから、安定した導水や排水を行うことができ、良好な一時貯留効果や流出抑制効果を確実に維持することができる。
【００３４】
次に、本発明の第２実施形態について第１実施形態と異なる箇所の詳細を説明する。図３及び図４は本発明の第２実施形態に関し、図３は植栽部の平面図、図４は緑化設備を示す縦断面図である。尚、本実施形態の貯水部２０及び一時貯留部３０による緑化用構造体１０は上記第１実施形態と同様の構成である。
【００３５】
第２実施形態に於ける植栽部４０は、図３に示すように、第１実施形態の貯水部２０や一時貯留部３０と略同大同一形状であり、側壁４１及び底面４２を有する上面開口の略箱形であって、底面４２の下面の四隅近傍から下方に突出して脚部４３が設けられており、脚部４３を貯水部２０の上面開口に嵌め込んで位置決め可能な構成である。又、底面４２の上面の所定箇所から上方に突出して平面視略十字形の第３柱状部材４４が複数（図示例では１６本）設けられており、第３柱状部材４４は貯水部２０の第１柱状部材２４の上端面と対応する位置に設けられ、側壁４１の上端と略同一高さまで立設されている。前記第３柱状部材４４を設けることにより、植栽部４０の上方からの踏圧等の外力に対し、育成材４０２の固化による植物４０３の根へのダメージを和らげることができ、植栽部４０の破損を防止することができる。
【００３６】
植栽部４０の底面４２には、複数の排出口４５が穿設されており、上記第１実施形態の植栽層支持部材４０１と同様に、植栽部４０内の余剰水を排出口４５を介して貯水部２０内へ排出可能である。更に、底面４２の略中央部には、上記第１実施形態と同様に、吸水部材４０４を挿通可能な挿通口４６が形成されており、植栽部４０内の育成材４０２の水分が不足した場合に、挿通口４６に挿通する吸水部材４０４を介して貯水部２０内の水分から吸水可能である。
【００３７】
そして、緑化用構造体１０の貯水部２０に脚部４３を嵌め込んで植栽部４０を載置すると共に、植栽部４０の挿通口４６に吸水部材４０４を挿通して設け、植栽部４０４内に育成材４０２を充填し、育成材４０２に植物４０３を植栽し、更に貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０、植栽部４０の組を複数屋上等の敷設面５００に敷設して緑化設備１００を構成し、緑化エリアを形成する。
【００３８】
上記第２実施形態に於ける緑化用構造体１０及び緑化設備１００を使用することにより、第１実施形態と同様の効果を奏することに加え、植栽層４００を構成する植栽部４０がユニット化され、一時貯留部３０、貯水部２０、植栽部４０を敷設面５００に敷き並べるだけで緑化設備１００を設けることができるので、施工性が向上すると共に、例えば屋上等に緑化設備１００を設けた場合に、屋上面の防水工事の際等の撤去作業や移設作業などを容易に行うことが可能となる。また、貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０、植栽部４０共にユニット化されているため、緑化設備１００の一部が破損した場合、緑化設備１００の一部の植物が枯れた場合、一部の一時貯留部３０を取り除く場合、或いは一部の一時貯留部３０を深さが異なるものに変更する場合等に、貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０、植栽部４０の必要な部分のみ取り除く或いは交換する作業を容易に行うことができ、メンテナンスやレイアウト変更等を低コスト且つ優れた施工性で行うことができる。更に、植栽部４０毎或いは貯水部２０・一時貯留部３０・植栽部４０の構造体毎に異なる植物４０３を簡単に栽培することができ、且つレイアウトの変更も容易である等から、より顧客の要望に合った緑化エリアを提供することができる。
【００３９】
次に、本発明の第３実施形態について、上記第１、第２実施形態と異なる箇所の詳細を説明する。図５及び図６は本発明の第３実施形態に関し、図５は貯水部及び一時貯留部を示す図、図６は第１例と第２例の緑化用構造体を示す縦断面図である。尚、本実施形態の貯水部２０と一時貯留部３０は同一の製造工程で形成される同一部材であり、貯水部２０や一時貯留部３０の機能を発揮するように後に加工される。
【００４０】
第３実施形態の貯水部２０（一時貯留部３０）は、第１実施形態と略同一の構成であり、図５に示すように、側壁２１（３１）と底面２２（３２）を有する略箱形であって、底面２２（３２）の四隅近傍に下方に向かって脚部２３（３３）が設けられ、平面視略十字形の第１柱状部材２４（第２柱状部材３４）が所定箇所で立設するものであるが、第１実施形態の貯水部２０の導水手段と同様の略筒形の第１導水手段２５（３５ａ）が一方の側壁２１（３１）の近傍に設けられている。
【００４１】
更に、第１柱状部材２４（第２柱状部材３４）の下端から下方に向かって平面視略円形の脚部２６（３６）が設けられ、脚部２６（３６）には柱状部材２４（３４）の平面視略十字形の形状に合わせて溝２６１（３６１）が形成されており、貯水部２０と一時貯留部３０を積重ねた際に、脚部２６（３６）の溝２６１（３６１）に柱状部材３４（２４）が嵌り込んで、脚部２６（３６）と柱状部材３４（２４）が衝突或いは干渉することを防止すると共に、位置決めすることが可能な構成である。
【００４２】
また、底面２２（３２）の略中央部に他の底面２２（３２）の部分に比して厚さの薄い薄肉部２２１（３２１）を形成し、薄肉部２２１（３２１）の周りに筒状で切り欠き２７１（３７１）が形成されている導水部材支持部２７（３７）を設けている。そして、一時貯留部３０として使用する場合には、薄肉部３２１を開口し、前記導水部材支持部３７内に毛細管現象を起こす導水部材３５２を挿入して第２導水手段３５を形成することが可能であり、前記構成により導水部材３５２を確実に支持し、第２導水手段３５としての導水機能を長期に亘って果たすことができる。尚、切り欠き３７１を設けることにより、確実に導水部材３５２で導水することができると共に、異物の入り込み等による導水性能の低下を未然に防止することが可能となる。
【００４３】
上記貯水部２０及び一時貯留部３０を重ね合わせて緑化用構造体１０を構成する場合、基本的に同一部材であることから、図６（ａ）に示すように、平面視で１８０度回転させて一時貯留部３０と貯水部２０を積重ね、貯水部２０の第１導水手段２５から落下する水が確実に一時貯留部３０内へ導かれる構成としてもよく、又、図６（ｂ）に示すように、回転させずに第１導水手段２５、３５ａが同一位置になるように一時貯留部３０と貯水部２０を積み重ね、第１導水手段３５ａの上部を塞ぐキャップ３５ｂを設けることにより、第１導水手段２５から落下する水が確実に一時貯留部３０内へ導かれる構成としてもよい。
【００４４】
尚、図６には植栽部４０や植栽層４００を省略したが、植栽部４０や植栽層４００として第１実施形態や第２実施形態のものを設けたり、或いは別の構造の植栽部４０や植栽層４００を設ける等適宜である。好適には第２実施形態の植栽部４０による植栽層４００を設けると、第３柱状部材４４から一時貯留部３０の脚部３６まで略一連或いは略鉛直状にすることができるので、植栽層４００の上方からの踏圧等の外力を確実に敷設面５００で支持することが可能となり、植栽部４０、貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０等の各部材の破損を防止し、各部材の性能を良好に維持することができると共に、緑化設備１００上を歩いた場合に踏んだ箇所が沈まず優れた歩行感覚を得ることができる。
【００４５】
上記第３実施形態に於ける緑化用構造体１０及び緑化設備１００を使用することにより、上記第１、第２実施形態と同様の効果が得られると共に、貯水部２０と一時貯留層３０を同一部材にて構成することができるため、製造コストを低減することができると共に、在庫管理が容易となり、在庫コストの低減を図ることも可能となる。
【００４６】
次に、本発明の第４実施形態について上記第１、第２及び第３実施形態と異なる箇所の詳細を説明する。図７は第４実施形態に於ける緑化設備を示す縦断面図である。尚、本実施形態の貯水部２０及び一時貯留部３０は第２実施形態と同様の場合について説明するが、第３実施形態等と同様でもよい。
【００４７】
第４実施形態に於ける緑化設備１００は、図７に示すように、植栽層４００の構成のみが第２実施形態と異なり、植栽部４０が貯水部２０に対して平面視ズレた状態で載置され植栽層４００が形成されている。前記ズレの方向や状態としては、例えば植栽部４０を貯水部２０に対して平行方向にずらし、植栽部４０と貯水部２０の２つの側壁４１、２１が平面視でズレる状態にしてもよく、又、植栽部４０を貯水部２０に対して対角線方向にずらし、植栽部４０と貯水部２０の４つの側壁４１、２１が平面視でズレる状態にしてもよい。又、このズレにより、植栽部４０のズレた方向の脚部４３が隣の貯水部２０の開口内に入り込み、貯水部２０相互を連係する構造とすると、緑化用構造体１０或いは植栽部４０、貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０の構造体を複数敷設してなる緑化エリアが強固に連係し合い、外力に対してずれることが無くなるため好適である。尚、植栽部４０、貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０の係合構成や嵌合構成は各実施形態に限定されず適宜である。尚、ずれた位置に配置した場合に、植栽部４０の第３柱状部材４４が第１柱状部材２４や第２柱状部材３４と略一連或いは略鉛直状になるような位置に第３柱状部材４４を予め設け、耐荷重性を向上しても好適である。
【００４８】
上記第４実施形態の緑化用構造体１０及び緑化設備１００を使用することにより、例えば植栽部４０相互間から水分を確実に貯水部２０内に導く等、確実に且つ多量の雨水等を貯水部２０内へ導くことが可能となり、良好な雨水の流出抑制機能を確実に発揮でき、植物４０３の良好に育成することができる。即ち、一定時間に育成材４０２の浸透能力以上のかなり多量の降雨があった場合には、雨水が育成材４０２に浸透しきれず、植栽層４００或いは植栽部４０上を流れてしまい、植栽部４０の側壁４１相互間から雨水が流れ落ちてしまうが、第４実施形態ではかような雨水を直接敷設面５００に流れさせず、確実に貯水部２０内へ流れ落とし、より多くの雨水を貯水部２０内へ導ける。従って、雨水を確実に貯水部２０を介して一時貯留部３０内へ導けるため、雨水の流出抑制効果をより確実に得られると共に、雨水を植栽に有効利用して良好な植栽を行うことができ、又、水道費の節約を図ることもできる。
【００４９】
以上、本発明の第１〜第４実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、様々な拡張及び変形が可能であり、例えば各実施形態の構成はそれぞれ適宜に組合せることが可能である。
【００５０】
例えば植栽部４０、貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０の形状は上記実施形態の平面視略正方形以外にも適宜である。また、第１導水手段２５、第２導水手段３５の構造や設置位置等は適宜であり、第１導水手段２５の上限導水速度が第２導水手段３５の上限導水速度よりも速い構成であれば全て含まれる。また、第３実施形態では貯水部２０或いは一時貯留部３０として使用する部材の第２導水手段３５を形成する箇所を薄肉部３２１としたが、前記部材に予め開口を形成しておき、貯水部２０として使用する場合にキャップ等により塞ぐ構造にしてもよい。
【００５１】
また、図８に示すように、一時貯留部３０を複数段重ねて緑化用構造体１０を構成し、下方の一時貯留部３０になるに従って第２導水手段３５の上限導水速度を徐々に遅くする構成にしてもよい。即ち、図８の上段の一時貯留部３０の第２導水手段３５の上限導水速度よりも、下段の一時貯留部３０の第２導水手段３５の上限導水速度を遅く設定することにより、より河川への水分の到達を遅らせることが可能であり、例えば上段を第１ピークカット用の上限導水速度に設定し、下段を第１ピークカットよりも上限導水速度を落とした第２ピークカット用の上限導水速度に設定する。
【００５２】
また、第２、第３実施形態のように植栽部４０、貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０をそれぞれ着脱自在な構成では、例えば図９に示すように、左右両側のそれぞれについて、外側の２つの構造体を植栽部４０のみで構成し、その内側の１つの構造体を貯水部２０と植栽部４０で構成し、その内側の１つの構造体を一時貯留部３０、貯水部２０、植栽部４０で構成すると共に、真中の１つの構造体を一時貯留部３０を２段重ねし、その上に貯水部２０、植栽部３０を有する構成として各構造体を敷設面５００に敷設し、植栽部３０の上に不織布等の透水性を有するシート４０５を敷設し、その上に育成材４０２を敷設することにより、傾斜を有する緑化設備１００或いは緑化エリアを形成することができる。前記構成で緑化エリアにアンジュレーションをつけることができ、より様々な緑化エリアを形成することが可能となって、一層顧客の要望に沿った緑化エリア或いは緑化設備１００を提供することができる。
【００５３】
尚、図９のような構成で一時貯留部３０を２段重ねする場合、一つの一時貯留部３０は一時貯留性能を発揮しない或いは有しないものとし、単に高さ調節用として使用してもよい。又、図９の構成では植栽部４０を一番上に設け、その上に不織布等のシート４０５を敷設し、シート４０５上に育成材４０２を敷設して植栽層４００を設けているため、植栽部４０に代えて一番上を貯水部２０とし、その下を一時貯留部３０としてもよい。又、貯水部２０を設けない構成とすることも可能であり、植栽部４０と貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０を様々な組合せ、順番で設けることが可能である。
【００５４】
また、各柱状部材２４、３４、４４を適宜或いは全て設けない構成とすることも可能であり、又、柱状部材２４、３４、４４の平面視形状は十字形以外にもＬ字形やＩ字形、円形、楕円形、多角形等適宜であるが、柱状部材２４、３４、４４は中空部を有しない構造とすると、植栽部４０内の植栽空間、貯水部２０内の貯水空間、一時貯留部３０内の一時貯留空間をそれぞれ多く取ることが可能となって好適である。
【００５５】
また、植栽部４０、貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０は、いずれもユニット化しない構成とすることが可能であり、全てを非ユニット化、或いは一部を非ユニット化する構成など適宜であるが、植栽部４０、貯水部２０、一時貯留部３０のいずれもユニット化すると取扱が容易になるため好適である。
【００５６】
また、植栽部４０と貯水部２０、貯水部２０と一時貯留部３０、貯水部２０と一時貯留部３０、植栽部４０と貯水部２０と一時貯留部３０は一体形成したものとすることも可能であり、例えば一つの上面開口の略箱形からなる部材に仕切板を嵌めこみ、各層を区画する構成としてもよいが、好適には貯水部２０と一時貯留部３０は別体とすることが望ましい。
【００５７】
また、植栽部４０が水分不足となった場合に貯水部２０から水分を吸水する吸水手段は、上記吸水部材４０４に限定されるものではなく、貯水部２０から植栽部４０へ水分を導ける構成であれば適宜である。
【００５８】
また、一時貯留部３０の底面３２は傾斜面、或いは凹部を有する構成とすると好適であり、特に第２導水手段３５へ向かって低くなるように傾斜する傾斜面とする、或いは第２導水手段３５を有する箇所を他の底面３２よりも低くなる凹部とすると、一時貯留部３０の水分を全て排出することができるので、降雨時等の一時貯留量をより多くすることができ、又、一時貯留部３０内に残留する水分が無くなるので、水分が腐敗して異臭が発生する等の不具合を無くすことができる。
【００５９】
【発明の効果】
本発明の緑化用構造体或いは緑化設備は、不必要に重量を増加させずに雨水の流出抑制機能を効果的に発揮し、且つ良好に維持することが可能であり、又、顧客の要望に応じて一時貯留部或いは一時貯留層の設置や不設置を容易に変更することができる。また、低コストで提供することが可能であり、施工性に優れる効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】（ａ）第１実施形態に於ける貯水部の平面図。
（ｂ）同図（ａ）のＡ−Ａ矢視断面図。
（ｃ）第１実施形態に於ける一時貯留部の平面図。
（ｄ）同図（ｃ）のＡ−Ａ矢視断面図。
【図２】第１実施形態に於ける緑化設備を示す縦断面図。
【図３】（ａ）第２実施形態に於ける植栽部の平面図。
（ｂ）同図（ａ）のＡ−Ａ矢視断面図。
【図４】第２実施形態に於ける緑化設備を示す縦断面図。
【図５】（ａ）第３実施形態に於ける貯水部及び一時貯留部を示す平面図。
（ｂ）同図（ａ）のＡ−Ａ矢視断面図。
（ｃ）同図（ｂ）の導水部材支持部の拡大図。
（ｄ）同図（ｃ）のＢ−Ｂ矢視断面図。
【図６】（ａ）第３実施形態に於ける第１例の緑化用構造体を示す縦断面図。
（ｂ）第３実施形態に於ける第２例の緑化用構造体を示す縦断面図。
【図７】第４実施形態に於ける緑化設備を示す縦断面図。
【図８】第５実施形態に於ける緑化用構造体を示す縦断面図。
【図９】本発明の緑化用構造体を用いて形成したアンジュレーションを有する緑化エリアを説明する説明図。
【符号の説明】
１０緑化用構造体
１００緑化設備
２０貯水部
２００貯水層
２３、３３、４３、３６脚部
２４第１柱状部材
２５、３５ａ第１導水手段
３０一時貯留部
３００一時貯留層
３４第２柱状部材
３５第２導水手段
３５２導水部材
４０植栽部
４００植栽層
４４第３柱状部材
５００敷設面[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a greening facility and a greening structure that form a greening area on a rooftop, a veranda, and the like, and particularly to a greening structure and a greening facility that can prevent urban-type floods by suppressing runoff of rainwater and the like. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, urbanization has progressed remarkably in many areas.However, in urbanized areas, roads and buildings are generally covered with poorly water-retaining materials such as concrete, and the ability to store rainwater has been significantly reduced. The time required for rainwater to reach rivers is becoming shorter due to the spread of sewers. For this reason, urban-type floods in which urban rivers are flooding frequently occur with the progress of urbanization, and an increase in urban inundation disaster has become a major problem. In addition, urban greening has been actively carried out in order to prevent the heat island phenomenon and improve the urban environment.
[0003]
As a measure to prevent urban flooding while promoting urban greening, for example, laying soil on the rooftop of a building and planting lawns, trees, flowers, etc. on the soil to form a greening area, In addition to reducing the outflow of rainwater by impregnating the soil with rainwater, the problem of soil thickness occurs when laying the soil on the rooftop of a building. That is, since the water holding capacity of the soil is limited, the soil thickness is increased to improve the water holding capacity.However, when the soil thickness is increased, the soil load increases, which exceeds the load-bearing range of the building. A problem arises. Conversely, if the soil thickness is reduced, the amount of rainwater impregnated will be reduced, and it will not be useful for urban flood countermeasures.
[0004]
Therefore, techniques related to improving the water holding capacity of a greening area without increasing soil thickness or soil load have been proposed in Patent Documents 1 to 3. Patent Literature 1 discloses that a water tank filled with porous gravel material is provided at a lower portion in a housing, and a predetermined amount or more of rainwater falls in a gap between an upper portion of each water tank and an adjacent water tank and an upper portion thereof. When the ground to be passed through each water storage tank is provided by holding the holding plate, a water supply restriction sheet is provided between each water storage tank and the ground, and when the water level of each water storage tank rises from the lower end surface of the ground in the gap. A rainwater storage type planting ground is disclosed in which a discharging means for gradually discharging rainwater through the ground to the outside of the housing is provided in the gap.
[0005]
Further, Patent Literature 2 discloses a storage water tank that stores rainwater or the like while controlling the water level to a predetermined level or less and forms an air layer, a soil layer support structure installed in the storage water tank, and a soil layer support structure. Disclosed is a storage greening water supply system having a planting soil layer formed thereon and a water supply means for supplying water stored in a storage water tank to the planting soil upper layer, and discharging excess water with an orifice, an overflow pipe, and a pump. Have been.
[0006]
Patent Literature 3 further includes a temporary storage unit that receives the surplus water of the planting unit, and provides an outflow unit that allows the internal water to flow out of the temporary storage unit. Is provided so that the upper limit of the amount of water per unit time that can flow out of the outflow unit is less than the upper limit of the amount of water per unit time that can flow out of the inflow unit. There is disclosed a greening facility in which a temporary storage unit is disposed on a water storage tray in a storage unit that cuts outflow amount at the time of a peak of rainfall.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent No. 312174
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-2002-294766
[Patent Document 3] JP-A-2002-247914
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the planting ground of Patent Literature 1 has a very small water storage space as compared with the appearance of the water tank, since the porous gravel material is filled in the water tank for rainwater. Therefore, in order to increase the water holding capacity of the greening area, it is necessary to increase the height of the planting ground or the water tank filled with the porous gravelly material to increase the size, and the weight of the planting ground increases. I will. In addition, when the water level of the water storage tank is higher than the position of the lower end face of the ground on the holding plate, the planting ground temporarily raises water into the ground above the water storage tank, and the ground on the holding plate. When the ground is moist, the drainage function cannot be exerted due to the rise of moisture.For example, when a small amount of rain continues, the rainwater is not drained at all and the reservoir is full. Become. Further, since a capillary phenomenon occurs in the water storage tank, the water to be drained is guided one after another to the water storage tank instead of the drainage means between the water storage tanks, and the water storage tank reaches a full state sooner. Then, when the water storage tank is full and the rainfall peaks thereafter, it is almost impossible to suppress the outflow of rainwater.
[0009]
On the other hand, the greening facility of Patent Literature 2 can maintain the rainwater outflow suppressing function without unnecessarily increasing the weight, but has a structure for temporarily storing rainwater uniformly in the entire greening facility. Since it is expensive to provide, the temporary storage structure may not be required or may not meet customer needs for lowering the price. In addition, when the temporary storage structure is replaced and the work of changing the amount of water that can be stored cannot be easily performed, and if it is desired to improve the temporary storage performance after the completion of the construction, the member must be reconstructed and re-constructed. In such a case, it is necessary to perform an operation of replacing all the parts, and the workability is poor and the cost is high.
[0010]
In the greening facility of Patent Document 3, since a temporary storage unit is provided between the planting unit and the water storage tray, the height of the greening facility and the planting unit is high. For example, a customer who does not need the temporary storage unit is required. Therefore, a greening facility and a planting section having useless heights will be provided, which may not meet the needs of customers. Furthermore, since the surplus water from the planting section flows into the temporary storage section, there is a possibility that the growth material such as soil enters the temporary storage section and blocks the outlet, and the temporary storage performance cannot be maintained. Further, since the temporary storage unit and the water storage tray are completely different in structure, it is necessary to separately provide two types of members, which increases the manufacturing cost.
[0011]
Therefore, it is possible to maintain the rainwater runoff control function without unnecessarily increasing the weight, and it is possible to easily change the installation or non-installation of the temporary storage layer according to the customer's request. In addition, there is a long-felt need for a greening facility having low cost and good workability.
[0012]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to maintain the rainwater outflow suppressing function without increasing the weight unnecessarily. Alternatively, it is possible to easily change the installation or non-installation of the temporary storage layer, and to provide a greening structure and a greening facility that can achieve low cost and achieve good workability. Aim.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The structure for greening of the present invention is provided with a water storage layer or a water holding layer capable of holding water below a planting layer where plants can be grown, and can temporarily store rainwater below the water storage layer or the water holding layer. A greening structure used in a greening facility provided with a temporary storage layer, comprising a water storage portion or a water storage portion constituting the water storage layer or the water retention layer, and a temporary storage portion constituting the temporary storage layer; The storage unit or the water retention unit and the temporary storage unit are detachable.
[0014]
Further, the greening structure of the present invention is provided with a water storage layer or a water retention layer capable of storing water below a planting layer where plants can be grown, and temporarily supplies rainwater below the water storage layer or the water storage layer. A greening structure used in a greening facility provided with a temporary storage layer capable of storing, having a temporary storage portion constituting the temporary storage layer and a water storage portion or a water retention portion constituting the water storage layer or the water retention layer, First water guide means for guiding excess water to the temporary storage section is provided in the water storage section or water holding section, and second water guide means for discharging moisture to the outside is provided in the temporary storage section, and the upper limit of the second water guide means is provided. The water conveyance speed is set to be lower than the upper limit water conveyance speed of the first water conveyance means. Further, when the water introduction port of the first water guide is provided at a predetermined height substantially above the water storage part, the first water guide is preferably configured to start water supply to the temporary storage part when the predetermined water storage amount is exceeded. It is.
[0015]
Furthermore, the structure for greening of the present invention is characterized in that the second water guide means fills an opening provided near the bottom surface of the temporary storage section with a water guide member capable of guiding water. The water guide member is, for example, a water guide member capable of guiding water by capillary action.
[0016]
Furthermore, the structure for greening of the present invention is characterized in that the water storage part or the water retention part and the temporary storage part have the same structure. Preferably, the opening has a knockout structure in which a thin wall is formed.
[0017]
In addition, the greening equipment of the present invention is provided with a water reservoir or a water retaining layer capable of storing water below a planting layer where plants can be grown, and can temporarily store rainwater below the water reservoir or the water retaining layer. The structure for greening of the present invention further comprises a water storage layer capable of storing water or a water storage layer capable of holding water below a planting layer where plants can be cultivated. Or a greening structure used in a greening facility that provides a temporary storage layer that can temporarily store rainwater below the water retention layer, and a temporary storage section that can temporarily store rainwater below the water storage section or the water retention section. Shall be provided.
[0018]
[Action]
The structure for greening of the present invention provides a temporary storage section below a water storage section or a water retention section provided below a planting layer, and makes the water storage section or the water retention section and the temporary storage section detachable, thereby reducing customer demand. It is possible to appropriately attach or remove the temporary storage layer in accordance with the demands described above, and for example, by removing the temporary storage portion, it is possible to suppress the height of a part or the whole of the greening structure or the greening equipment. Furthermore, it is possible to exhibit a desired rainwater outflow suppressing function without unnecessarily increasing the weight.
[0019]
In addition, the structure for greening of the present invention is provided with a temporary storage section below a water storage section or a water retention section provided below a planting layer, and a first storage section or a water retention section that guides excess water to the temporary storage section. The second water supply means is provided by providing the water supply means, providing the second water supply means for discharging water to the outside in the temporary storage unit, and setting the upper limit water supply speed of the second water supply means lower than the upper limit water supply speed of the first water supply means. If the amount of rainfall exceeds the water conveyance speed of the means, water is stored in the temporary storage portion, and the outflow of rainwater at the time of rainfall peak or the like can be easily and reliably suppressed. Further, by providing the water introduction port of the first water guide means at a predetermined height substantially above the water storage section, for example, even when the growing material falls into the water storage section or the like by being mixed with surplus water from the planting layer. It is possible to prevent the water from falling from the water storage unit or the like to the temporary storage unit, and prevent the outflow suppression function or the discharge function from being hindered due to the clogging of the second water guide means.
[0020]
Further, by configuring the second water guide means by filling a water guide member capable of guiding water into an opening provided near the bottom surface of the temporary storage section, even if foreign matter enters the temporary storage section, (2) It is possible to prevent such a problem that the water guiding means is clogged with foreign matter and water cannot be guided or drained, and it is possible to satisfactorily discharge all the water in the temporary storage part.
[0021]
Further, if the water storage part or the water retention part and the temporary storage part have the same structure, and preferably the knockout structure in which the opening is formed to be thin, it is necessary to manufacture and prepare the water storage part or the water retention part and the temporary storage part separately. And the cost of the greening structure and greening equipment can be reduced.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a water storage unit and a temporary storage unit, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a greening facility.
[0023]
The structure 10 for greening in the first embodiment has a water storage section 20 and a temporary storage section 30. As shown in FIG. 1, the water storage section 20 is substantially square in plan view and has an upper surface having a side wall 21 and a bottom surface 22. The opening 23 has a substantially box shape, and is provided with legs 23 projecting downward from the vicinity of the four corners of the lower surface of the bottom surface 22. The legs 23 can be fitted and positioned in an upper surface opening of a temporary storage unit 30 described later. Configuration. Also, a plurality of (16 in the illustrated example) first columnar members 24 projecting upward from a predetermined location on the upper surface of the bottom surface 22 and having a substantially cross shape in a plan view are provided, and the first columnar members 24 are substantially flush with the side walls 21. The water storage unit 20 is configured to be erected and to support an external force such as a treading pressure from the planting layer 400 described later or the weight of the planting layer itself to prevent deformation of the water storage unit 20.
[0024]
In the vicinity of the left and right side walls 21 of the water storage section 20, a plurality of (six in the illustrated example) first water guiding means 25 for discharging excess water are provided. The first water guiding means 25 of the present embodiment has a hollow cylindrical shape, the upper end of which is formed lower than the side wall 21, and the hollow is continuous with the lower surface of the bottom surface 22 and the lower end is open. When the water level becomes higher than the upper end of the first water guide means 25, the water is led out or discharged from the lower end opening through the opening at the upper end to the temporary storage section 30 described later. The amount of water or the water level that can be stored in the water storage unit 20 is determined by the height of the upper end of the water storage unit 20.
[0025]
The temporary storage section 30 is substantially the same shape as the water storage section 20 and has a substantially box shape having an upper surface opening having a side wall 31 and a bottom surface 32, and is provided with a leg portion 33 protruding downward from the vicinity of four corners on the lower surface of the bottom surface 32. The drainage space S is formed between the bottom surface 32 of the temporary storage part 30 and the laying surface 500 when the laying surface 500 is laid by the legs 33, and the water discharged from the second water guiding means 35 described below is formed. It can be discharged smoothly to the outside. In addition, a plurality of second columnar members 34 (16 in the illustrated example) projecting upward from positions corresponding to the lower ends of the first columnar members 24 of the water storage section 20 on which the upper surface of the bottom surface 32 is placed and each having a substantially cross shape in plan view. The second columnar member 34 is provided upright to substantially the same height as the side wall 31, and supports external forces such as the weight of the water storage section 2, the weight of the planting layer, the treading pressure from the planting layer, and the like. 30 can be prevented from being deformed.
[0026]
Four outlets 351 are formed in the vicinity of the center of the bottom surface 32 of the temporary storage unit 30, and a water guide member 352 capable of guiding moisture to the outside by using a capillary phenomenon of a nonwoven fabric or the like is fitted into each of the outlets 351. A second water guide 35 is provided which is filled or filled, and the second water guide 35 discharges the water in the temporary storage section 30 to the outside.
[0027]
Then, the water storage unit 20 is placed above the temporary storage unit 30, and the leg 23 of the water storage unit 20 is fitted into the side wall 31 from the upper surface opening side of the temporary storage unit 30, and is brought into contact with the inner surface of the side wall 31. The greenery structure 10 is configured and fixed. In the greening structure 10, the cylindrical first water guide 25 has a configuration in which the upper limit water transfer speed at which the excess water in the water storage section 20 falls inside the tube is high, while the second water guide 35 utilizes the capillary phenomenon. Then, the water in the temporary storage unit 30 is gradually discharged to the outside, and finally the upper limit water conveyance speed at which almost all the water in the temporary storage unit 30 can be discharged after the rain stops is low. The upper limit water transfer rate (upper limit water transfer speed) per unit time discharged from the second water transfer unit 35 of the unit 30 to the outside is the upper limit water transfer speed at which water can be transferred from the first water transfer unit 25 of the water storage unit 20 into the temporary storage unit 30. It is set later.
[0028]
In addition, for example, in order to form a greening area on artificial ground such as a rooftop, a plurality of greening structures 10 are laid, and a planting layer 400 is formed on the water storage unit 20 of the greening structure 10 to configure the greening facility 100. In the case of configuring, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of temporary storage units 30 are laid on the laying surface 500, and the water storage unit 20 is placed and provided on the temporary storage unit 30. A plurality of laying surfaces 500 are laid in the state of the greening structure 10 on which the water storage unit 20 is placed to form a temporary storage layer 300 and a water storage layer 200, and a planting layer 400 is formed on the water storage unit 20. I do. For the planting layer 400, a planting layer support member 401 made of, for example, a nonwoven fabric or a plate-like material having a certain degree of rigidity is laid on the water storage section 20, and a water absorbing member 404 described later is provided thereon. 402 is laid, and a plant 403 can be cultivated on the growing material 402 or on the growing material 402.
[0029]
The planting layer support member 401, which is the bottom of the planting layer 400, is supported by the first columnar member 24 or the first columnar member 24 and the side wall 21 in a laid state. The planting layer support member 401 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports (not shown) for guiding surplus water such as rainwater into the water storage section 20, and an insertion port (not shown) through which the water absorbing member 404 can be inserted. A plurality of water-absorbing members 404 are inserted into the insertion port, and the water-absorbing member 404 inserted into the insertion hole is used to remove water in the water storage section 20 when the growing material 402 of the planting layer 400 runs short of water. It absorbs water due to phenomena and the like.
[0030]
In the above-mentioned greening equipment 100, rainfall from above penetrates into the growing material 402 of the planting layer 400 as indicated by a two-dot chain line arrow in FIG. 2, and excess water from the planting layer 400 supports the planting layer. The water is guided from the outlet of the member 401 into the water storage unit 20. The water guided to the water storage section 20 is stored in the water storage section 20 up to the water level W at the upper end position of the first water guide section 25, and any excess water is discharged from the first water guide section 25 into the temporary storage section 30 or It is guided. When the water introduction speed of the water introduced into the temporary storage unit 30 is equal to or higher than the upper limit water introduction speed to the outside of the second water introduction unit 35, the water is gradually stored in the temporary storage unit 30, and When water having a speed equal to or less than the upper limit water transfer speed of the water guide 35 is supplied from the water storage unit 20, the water is discharged to the outside without being stored as it is.
[0031]
With the above-described configuration, for example, when a large amount of rainfall occurs, a certain amount of water is retained in the growing material 402 of the planting layer 400, and water that cannot be completely retained in the growing material 402 is stored in the water storage unit 20, and is stored in the water storage unit 20. If the amount of water that has not been removed is a rainfall that is equal to or more than a predetermined amount per unit time, the water is stored in the temporary storage unit 30 and the peak of the amount of water flowing out to the river at the time of rainfall can be cut. After the rainfall, the water retention of the growing material 402 of the planting layer 400 is used for growing the plant 403, and the water stored in the water storage unit 20 is maintained. When the moisture of the growing material 402 becomes insufficient, the water is absorbed by the growing material 402 by the water absorbing member 404, and is effectively used for growing the plant 403. Conversely, almost all of the water in the temporary storage unit 403 is discharged to the outside with the passage of time, so that the amount of water flowing into the river at the time of a rainfall peak such as concentrated torrential rain or immediately thereafter can be cut efficiently and reliably. It is possible to maintain an empty state during the next rainfall.
[0032]
By using the greening structure 10 or the greening equipment 100 of the first embodiment, for example, a greening area can be easily formed on an artificial ground such as a rooftop, and large-scale equipment and equipment with heavy load can be provided. Without necessity, it is possible to cut the amount of rainwater flowing into a river at or immediately after a rainfall peak, to delay the time for the cut rainwater to reach the river, and to prevent urban flooding. In addition, since the structure for suppressing the outflow of rainwater exists inside the green area, the effect of suppressing the outflow of rainwater can be exerted without impairing the appearance and maintaining the effect of greening.
[0033]
In addition, since the temporary storage unit 30 is detachable from the water storage unit 20, for example, when the temporary storage unit 30 is unnecessary according to a customer's request or according to an area, the temporary storage unit 30 can be easily removed and dealt with. By preparing the temporary storage sections 30 having a plurality of depths, it is possible to easily cope with various depths. In addition, the excess water from the planting layer 400 is guided to the temporary storage unit 30 via the first water guide unit 25 of the water storage unit 20, and is supplied from a large water inlet at the upper end of the cylindrical first water guide unit 25. Since the growth material 402 falls from the planting layer 400, the second water guide means 35 or its water introduction port is not blocked by the growth material 402, and further, the growth material 402 falls into the temporary storage unit 30. Since there is almost no water supply, and furthermore, the water supply member 352 is provided in the second water supply means 35 to ensure reliable drainage, stable water supply and drainage can be performed, and good temporary storage effect and outflow suppression effect can be obtained. Can be reliably maintained.
[0034]
Next, details of the second embodiment of the present invention that are different from the first embodiment will be described. 3 and 4 relate to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3 is a plan view of a planting part, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing greening equipment. In addition, the structure 10 for greening by the water storage part 20 and the temporary storage part 30 of this embodiment is the same structure as the said 1st Embodiment.
[0035]
As shown in FIG. 3, the planting section 40 in the second embodiment has substantially the same shape as the water storage section 20 and the temporary storage section 30 in the first embodiment, and has an upper surface having a side wall 41 and a bottom surface 42. The opening is substantially box-shaped, and a leg 43 is provided to protrude downward from the vicinity of the four corners of the lower surface of the bottom surface 42, and the leg 43 is fitted into the upper opening of the water storage unit 20 and can be positioned. . Further, a plurality of (16 in the illustrated example) third columnar members 44 projecting upward from a predetermined location on the upper surface of the bottom surface 42 and having a substantially cross shape in plan view are provided. It is provided at a position corresponding to the upper end surface of the one columnar member 24, and stands up to substantially the same height as the upper end of the side wall 41. By providing the third columnar member 44, damage to the roots of the plant 403 due to solidification of the growing material 402 can be relieved against external force such as tread pressure from above the planting portion 40, Damage can be prevented.
[0036]
A plurality of outlets 45 are formed in the bottom surface 42 of the planting section 40, and, like the planting layer support member 401 of the first embodiment, the excess water in the planting section 40 is discharged to the outlet 45. Can be discharged into the water storage unit 20 via the water. Further, an insertion port 46 through which the water absorbing member 404 can be inserted is formed at a substantially central portion of the bottom surface 42 as in the first embodiment, and the moisture of the growing material 402 in the planting portion 40 is insufficient. In this case, water can be absorbed from the water in the water storage section 20 via the water absorbing member 404 inserted into the insertion port 46.
[0037]
Then, the leg portion 43 is fitted into the water storage portion 20 of the greening structure 10, the planting portion 40 is placed, and the water absorbing member 404 is inserted through the insertion port 46 of the planting portion 40. The growing material 402 is filled in the growing material 404, the plant 403 is planted in the growing material 402, and a set of the water storage unit 20, the temporary storage unit 30, and the planting unit 40 is laid on a laying surface 500 such as a rooftop and the like to be greened. The facility 100 is configured to form a greening area.
[0038]
By using the greening structure 10 and the greening facility 100 in the second embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and the planting unit 40 configuring the planting layer 400 is a unit. Since the greening facility 100 can be provided simply by laying the temporary storage unit 30, the water storage unit 20, and the planting unit 40 on the laying surface 500, the workability is improved, and for example, the greening facility 100 is installed on a rooftop or the like. When it is provided, it becomes possible to easily perform a removal operation, a relocation operation, and the like at the time of waterproofing work on the roof surface or the like. In addition, since the water storage unit 20, the temporary storage unit 30, and the planting unit 40 are both unitized, when a part of the greening facility 100 is damaged, when a part of the plant of the greening facility 100 withers, When the temporary storage unit 30 is removed, or when some of the temporary storage units 30 are changed to those having different depths, only necessary parts of the water storage unit 20, the temporary storage unit 30, and the planting unit 40 are removed or replaced. Work can be easily performed, and maintenance and layout change can be performed at low cost and with excellent workability. Further, different plants 403 can be easily cultivated for each planting unit 40 or each structure of the water storage unit 20, the temporary storage unit 30, and the planting unit 40, and the layout can be easily changed. A green area can be provided that meets the needs of the customer.
[0039]
Next, details of a third embodiment of the present invention that differ from the first and second embodiments will be described. FIGS. 5 and 6 relate to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a view showing a water storage section and a temporary storage section, and FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing first and second examples of a greening structure. . In addition, the water storage part 20 and the temporary storage part 30 of this embodiment are the same members formed in the same manufacturing process, and are processed later so that the functions of the water storage part 20 and the temporary storage part 30 are exhibited.
[0040]
The water storage unit 20 (temporary storage unit 30) of the third embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 5, a substantially box having a side wall 21 (31) and a bottom surface 22 (32). The legs 23 (33) are provided downward in the vicinity of the four corners of the bottom surface 22 (32), and the first columnar member 24 (second columnar member 34) having a substantially cross shape in a plan view is provided at a predetermined position. Although standing up, a substantially tubular first water guide 25 (35a) similar to the water guide of the water storage section 20 of the first embodiment is provided near one of the side walls 21 (31).
[0041]
Further, a leg 26 (36) having a substantially circular shape in a plan view is provided downward from the lower end of the first columnar member 24 (second columnar member 34), and the columnar member 24 (34) is provided on the leg 26 (36). The groove 261 (361) is formed in conformity with the shape of a substantially cross shape in a plan view, and when the water storage unit 20 and the temporary storage unit 30 are stacked, a columnar shape is formed in the groove 261 (361) of the leg 26 (36). It is possible to prevent the leg portion 26 (36) and the columnar member 34 (24) from colliding or interfering with each other by fitting the member 34 (24), and to perform positioning.
[0042]
In addition, a thin portion 221 (321) having a thickness smaller than that of the other bottom surface 22 (32) is formed substantially at the center of the bottom surface 22 (32), and a cylindrical shape is formed around the thin portion 221 (321). The water guide member support portion 27 (37) in which the notch 271 (371) is formed is provided. When used as the temporary storage unit 30, the second water guide unit 35 can be formed by opening the thin portion 321 and inserting the water guide member 352 that causes a capillary phenomenon into the water guide member support portion 37. With this configuration, the water guide member 352 can be reliably supported, and the water guide function as the second water guide means 35 can be performed for a long time. By providing the notch 371, the water can be reliably guided by the water guiding member 352, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in the water guiding performance due to the entry of foreign matter or the like.
[0043]
When the water storage unit 20 and the temporary storage unit 30 are overlapped to configure the greening structure 10, since they are basically the same member, they are rotated 180 degrees in plan view as shown in FIG. The temporary storage section 30 and the water storage section 20 may be stacked one on top of the other, and the water falling from the first water guide means 25 of the water storage section 20 may be reliably guided into the temporary storage section 30, as shown in FIG. Thus, by temporarily stacking the temporary storage section 30 and the water storage section 20 so that the first water guide means 25 and 35a are at the same position without rotating, and providing the cap 35b for closing the upper part of the first water guide means 35a, It is good also as composition which the water which falls from water guide means 25 is certainly guided into temporary storage part 30.
[0044]
Although the planting section 40 and the planting layer 400 are omitted in FIG. 6, the planting section 40 and the planting layer 400 of the first embodiment and the second embodiment are provided, or the planting section 40 and the planting layer 400 have another structure. It is appropriate to provide the planting section 40 or the planting layer 400. Preferably, when the planting layer 400 by the planting unit 40 of the second embodiment is provided, the third columnar member 44 to the leg 36 of the temporary storage unit 30 can be formed substantially in a series or in a substantially vertical shape. An external force such as a tread pressure from above the planting layer 400 can be reliably supported by the laying surface 500, and each member such as the planting part 40, the water storage part 20, and the temporary storage part 30 is prevented from being damaged, and each member is prevented from being damaged. Can be maintained satisfactorily, and when walking on the greening facility 100, the stepped portion does not sink and an excellent walking feeling can be obtained.
[0045]
By using the greening structure 10 and the greening facility 100 in the third embodiment, the same effects as those in the first and second embodiments can be obtained, and the water storage section 20 and the temporary storage layer 30 are the same. Since it can be composed of members, manufacturing costs can be reduced, inventory management is facilitated, and inventory costs can be reduced.
[0046]
Next, details of a fourth embodiment of the present invention that differ from the first, second, and third embodiments will be described. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the greening equipment in the fourth embodiment. In addition, although the water storage part 20 and the temporary storage part 30 of this embodiment are demonstrated about the case similar to 2nd Embodiment, they may be the same as that of 3rd Embodiment.
[0047]
The greening equipment 100 in the fourth embodiment is different from the second embodiment only in the configuration of the planting layer 400 as shown in FIG. 7, in a state where the planting part 40 is shifted from the water storage part 20 in a plan view. And the planting layer 400 is formed. As the direction and state of the displacement, for example, the planting section 40 is shifted in a direction parallel to the water storage section 20 so that the planting section 40 and the two side walls 41 and 21 of the water storage section 20 are displaced in a plan view. Alternatively, the planting section 40 may be shifted diagonally with respect to the water storage section 20 so that the planting section 40 and the four side walls 41 and 21 of the water storage section 20 are displaced in a plan view. In addition, if this displacement causes the leg 43 in the displaced direction of the planting part 40 to enter into the opening of the adjacent water storage part 20 and have a structure that links the water storage parts 20, the greening structure 10 or the planting part It is preferable because the greening areas formed by laying a plurality of structures of the water storage unit 40, the water storage unit 20, and the temporary storage unit 30 are tightly linked to each other and do not shift against external force. Note that the engagement configuration and the engagement configuration of the planting section 40, the water storage section 20, and the temporary storage section 30 are not limited to the embodiments and are appropriate. When the third columnar member 44 of the planting section 40 is arranged at a position shifted from the first columnar member 24 or the second columnar member 34, the third columnar member 44 is located at a position substantially in series or substantially vertical. It is preferable to provide 44 in advance to improve the load resistance.
[0048]
By using the greening structure 10 and the greening equipment 100 of the fourth embodiment, for example, water is reliably introduced from the space between the planting parts 40 into the water storage part 20, and a large amount of rainwater or the like is stored. It is possible to guide the inside of the part 20, and it is possible to reliably exert a good rainwater outflow suppressing function, and to grow the plant 403 well. That is, when there is a considerable amount of rainfall exceeding the penetration ability of the growing material 402 during a certain period of time, the rainwater cannot penetrate the growing material 402 and flows on the planting layer 400 or the planting part 40, and the planting is performed. Although rainwater flows down from between the side walls 41 of the planting part 40, in the fourth embodiment, such rainwater does not flow directly to the laying surface 500, but flows down into the water storage part 20 without fail, and more rainwater flows. It can be guided into the water storage unit 20. Therefore, since rainwater can be reliably guided into the temporary storage section 30 via the water storage section 20, the effect of suppressing rainwater outflow can be obtained more reliably, and good planting can be performed by effectively using rainwater for planting. It can also save water costs.
[0049]
As described above, the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various expansions and modifications are possible. Can be combined.
[0050]
For example, the shapes of the planting unit 40, the water storage unit 20, and the temporary storage unit 30 are not limited to the substantially square shape in plan view of the above-described embodiment. In addition, the structure and the installation position of the first water guide 25 and the second water guide 35 are appropriate, as long as the upper limit water transfer speed of the first water guide 25 is higher than the upper limit water transfer speed of the second water guide 35. All included. Further, in the third embodiment, the portion of the member used as the water storage portion 20 or the temporary storage portion 30 where the second water guide means 35 is formed is the thin portion 321, but an opening is previously formed in the member, and the water storage portion is formed. When used as 20, a structure that closes with a cap or the like may be adopted.
[0051]
As shown in FIG. 8, the temporary storage unit 30 is stacked in a plurality of stages to form the greening structure 10, and the upper limit water supply speed of the second water supply unit 35 is gradually reduced toward the lower temporary storage unit 30. It may be configured. That is, by setting the upper limit water transfer speed of the second water guide means 35 of the lower temporary storage unit 30 lower than the upper limit water transfer speed of the second water transfer unit 35 of the upper temporary storage unit 30 in FIG. It is possible, for example, to set the upper stage to the upper limit water conveyance speed for the first peak cut, and set the lower stage to the upper water conveyance speed for the second peak cut lower than the first peak cut. Set to speed.
[0052]
In the configuration in which the planting section 40, the water storage section 20, and the temporary storage section 30 are detachable as in the second and third embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. One structure is constituted only by the planting part 40, one structure inside is constituted by the water storage part 20 and the planting part 40, and one structure inside the temporary storage part 30, the water storage part 20, In addition to the structure including the planting unit 40, one structure in the middle is formed by temporarily stacking the temporary storage unit 30 in two stages, and each structure is laid on the laying surface 500 as a structure including the water storage unit 20 and the planting unit 30. By laying a water-permeable sheet 405 such as a nonwoven fabric on the planting section 30 and laying the growing material 402 thereon, the inclined greening facility 100 or greening area can be formed. With the above configuration, undulations can be added to the greening area, so that various greening areas can be formed, and a greening area or greening facility 100 that further meets the needs of the customer can be provided.
[0053]
When the temporary storage units 30 are stacked in two stages in the configuration as shown in FIG. 9, one temporary storage unit 30 does not exhibit the temporary storage performance or has no temporary storage performance, and may be used simply for height adjustment. . In the configuration of FIG. 9, the planting section 40 is provided at the top, a sheet 405 such as a nonwoven fabric is laid thereon, and the growing material 402 is laid on the sheet 405 to provide the planting layer 400. Instead of the planting section 40, the top may be the water storage section 20 and the bottom thereof may be the temporary storage section 30. Moreover, it is also possible to make it the structure which does not provide the water storage part 20, and it is possible to provide the planting part 40, the water storage part 20, and the temporary storage part 30 in various combinations and an order.
[0054]
Further, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which each of the columnar members 24, 34, 44 is not provided appropriately or entirely, and the planar shape of each of the columnar members 24, 34, 44 is not only a cross but also an L shape, an I shape, The columnar members 24, 34, and 44 may have any structure without a hollow portion, but may have any structure such as a circular shape, an oval shape, and a polygonal shape. This is preferable because a large amount of temporary storage space in the unit 30 can be obtained.
[0055]
Further, the planting section 40, the water storage section 20, and the temporary storage section 30 can be configured not to be unitized, and all of them are non-united, or a part is non-united. However, it is preferable that all of the planting section 40, the water storage section 20, and the temporary storage section 30 be unitized because handling becomes easy.
[0056]
The planting unit 40 and the water storage unit 20, the water storage unit 20 and the temporary storage unit 30, the water storage unit 20 and the temporary storage unit 30, and the planting unit 40, the water storage unit 20, and the temporary storage unit 30 are integrally formed. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a partition plate is fitted to a substantially box-shaped member having one upper surface opening to partition each layer, but preferably, the water storage unit 20 and the temporary storage unit 30 are separately provided. It is desirable.
[0057]
The water absorbing means for absorbing water from the water storage unit 20 when the planting unit 40 becomes insufficient in water is not limited to the water absorbing member 404, and can guide water from the water storage unit 20 to the planting unit 40. Any configuration is appropriate.
[0058]
Further, it is preferable that the bottom surface 32 of the temporary storage unit 30 has an inclined surface or a concave portion. In particular, the temporary storage unit 30 has an inclined surface inclined so as to become lower toward the second water guiding means 35, or the second water guiding means 35. If the portion having the lower portion is formed as a concave portion lower than the other bottom surface 32, all the water in the temporary storage portion 30 can be discharged, so that the amount of temporary storage in the case of rainfall or the like can be increased, and Since there is no moisture remaining in the section 30, it is possible to eliminate problems such as the decay of moisture and the generation of offensive odor.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The greening structure or greening equipment of the present invention can effectively exhibit a rainwater outflow suppressing function without unnecessary increase in weight and can maintain the rainwater outflow well. Accordingly, installation or non-installation of the temporary storage section or the temporary storage layer can be easily changed. In addition, it can be provided at low cost, and has an effect of being excellent in workability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a plan view of a water storage unit according to a first embodiment.
(B) A sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
(C) The top view of the temporary storage part in 1st Embodiment.
(D) A sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the greening equipment in the first embodiment.
FIG. 3A is a plan view of a planting unit according to a second embodiment.
(B) A sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a greening facility in a second embodiment.
FIG. 5A is a plan view showing a water storage unit and a temporary storage unit according to a third embodiment.
(B) A sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
(C) An enlarged view of the water guide member support part of FIG.
(D) A sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
FIG. 6A is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first example of a greening structure according to a third embodiment.
(B) The longitudinal section showing the greening structure of the 2nd example in a 3rd embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing a greening facility according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a greening structure according to a fifth embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a greening area having an undulation formed using the greening structure of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Structure for greening
100 Greening equipment
20 reservoir
200 reservoir
23, 33, 43, 36 legs
24 1st columnar member
25, 35a First water introducing means
30 Temporary storage
300 temporary reservoir
34 Second columnar member
35 Second water conveyance means
352 Water guide member
40 Planting Department
400 planting layers
44 3rd columnar member
500 Laying surface

Claims

A greening facility in which a water reservoir capable of storing water or a water retaining layer capable of retaining water is provided below a planting layer where plants can be grown, and a temporary storage layer capable of temporarily storing rainwater is provided below the water reservoir or the water retaining layer. A greening structure to be used, comprising: a water storage portion or a water retention portion constituting the water storage layer or the water retention layer; and a temporary storage portion constituting the temporary storage layer, wherein the water storage portion or the water retention portion and the temporary storage portion are provided. A structure for greening, wherein the structure is detachable.

A greening facility in which a water reservoir capable of storing water or a water retaining layer capable of retaining water is provided below a planting layer where plants can be grown, and a temporary storage layer capable of temporarily storing rainwater is provided below the water reservoir or the water retaining layer. A greening structure to be used, which has a water reservoir or a water retaining part constituting the water reservoir or the water retaining layer and a temporary storage part constituting the temporary reservoir, and stores excess water in the water reservoir or the water retaining part. A first water guiding means for guiding to the temporary storage part is provided, and a second water guiding means for discharging moisture to the outside is provided in the temporary storing part, and an upper limit water transfer speed of the second water conductive means is set to an upper limit water transfer of the first water conductive means. A structure for greening, wherein the structure is set to be slower than the speed.

3. The structure according to claim 2, wherein the second water guiding unit is configured by filling an opening provided near a bottom surface of the temporary storage unit with a water guiding member capable of guiding water. 4.

The structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the water storage part or the water retention part and the temporary storage part have the same structure.

A water reservoir capable of storing water or a water retaining layer capable of retaining water is provided below a planting layer capable of cultivating plants, and a temporary storage layer capable of temporarily storing rainwater is provided below the water reservoir or the water retaining layer. And greening equipment.