WO2012169451A1

WO2012169451A1 - Water storage and water discharge base material and greening structure

Info

Publication number: WO2012169451A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/064351
Authority: WO
Inventors: 山下　剛志
Original assignee: 積水化成品工業株式会社
Priority date: 2011-06-07
Filing date: 2012-06-04
Publication date: 2012-12-13
Also published as: JP2012254023A; TW201302050A

Abstract

An article in which first support columns (31), the upper surface thereof having a height equal to or greater than the height of the upper surface of a peripheral wall and second support columns (32) the upper surface thereof having a height lower than the height of the upper surface of the peripheral wall are used in water storage recessed parts (20) divided by peripheral walls (10 (11, 12)) functioning as water barriers is used for a water storage and water discharge base material (A). Soil (G) which is for vegetation and disposed on a hydrophilic sheet (B) enters stored water (W) in the water storage recessed parts (20) in the proximity of the second support columns (32), and by the capillary phenomenon, the water (W) is sucked up into the soil (G) for vegetation. Near the peripheral wall (10), an air layer is formed between the stored water (W) and the hydrophilic sheet (B); therefore, respiration action of hairy roots is not inhibited. Thus, in a greening structure (C) on an artificial base (D) that uses the water storage and discharge base material (A), the stored water (W) in the water storage recessed parts (20) of the water storage and discharge base material (A) is reliably sucked up into the soil (G) for vegetation.

Description

Water storage drainage base material and greening structure using it

The present invention relates to a storage / drainage base material suitably used in rooftop greening and the like, and a greening structure using the same.

In recent years, as part of urban greening or as a countermeasure for heat island, planting plants on artificial ground made mainly of concrete, such as the roof of apartment buildings or the ceilings of underground parking lots and underground reservoirs, etc. It is recommended to do. However, it is difficult to secure water storage and drainage in the artificial ground made of concrete. For this reason, a water storage and drainage base material molded from foamed resin is placed on the artificial ground, and the customer soil is placed on it. A vegetation mat or the like is spread through a water-permeable sheet to form a greening structure.

Patent Document 1 describes an example of a water storage and drainage base material used in greening of such artificial ground. This water storage drainage base material is made of foamed resin, and the area partitioned by the peripheral wall functioning as a weir is an area having a concave inclined surface, which is lower than the top surface of the peripheral wall. It is supposed to be. And many concave holes are formed in this inclined surface, and the water required for vegetation accumulates there. When greening the artificial ground, the water storage and drainage base material is spread on the artificial ground, and a water-permeable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric is hung on the artificial ground, and then the land is filled with the soil.

Patent Document 2 describes a water storage and drainage base material composed of a foamed resin molded article or the like that includes a water storage recess defined by a peripheral wall functioning as a weir and a plurality of support columns provided upright in the water storage recess. Yes. In this case, all the columns are equal in height and are equal to or higher than the peripheral wall. In the case of rooftop greening, like the water storage and drainage base material described in Patent Document 1, a large number of sheets are laid on an artificial ground, and a water permeable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric is disposed thereon, and then, on that, A customer soil layer is formed.

In Patent Document 3, in the water storage drainage base material of the form described in Patent Document 2, a column that is erected in the recess for storing water is a column that is almost the same height as the peripheral wall that functions as a weir, and a height higher than that. What is composed of high struts is described. The water permeable sheet disposed on the water storage / drainage base material is supported by the tops of the pillars having different heights on the back side, thereby forming a convex curved surface downward.

JP-A-6-225627 JP 2001-169665 A JP 2008-212124 A

When the water storage drainage base material having the shape described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a water permeable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric thereon, the entire back surface of the water permeable sheet is in close contact with the concave inclined surface of the water storage drainage base material. It tends to be in an attitude, and it becomes difficult to form an air layer between the soil layer (or vegetation mat or the like) and the storage and drainage base material. For this reason, the supply of oxygen to the roots becomes insufficient, which may cause inconvenience in plant growth.

In the water storage and drainage base material having the shape described in Patent Document 2, the water permeable sheet is supported by the tops of a plurality of high columns that are erected in the water storage recess. This is advantageous in that air permeability between the soil layer (or vegetation mat, etc.) and the surface of the water stored in the water storage / drainage base material is secured. Thereby, the supply of oxygen to the root is ensured.

In the water storage and drainage base material having the shape described in Patent Document 3, the water-permeable sheet is supported from the back surface at the tops of the columns having different heights, so that it is possible to form a convex curved surface on the back surface. . Thereby, it is possible to prevent water from flowing down to the downstream side as it is along the rear surface of the water permeable sheet, and as a result, the water is surely dropped from the water permeable sheet to the water storage recess. Therefore, a sufficient amount of water can be secured in the water storage recess of the water storage / drainage base material.

The present inventors spread this kind of storage and drainage base material on artificial ground, place a permeable sheet on it, and place a vegetation mat and customer soil on it, thereby greening on artificial ground We have been making structures and growing plants. In the process, the water permeable sheet is supported by the top surfaces of a plurality of support columns standing in the water storage recesses of the water storage and drainage base material as in the water storage and drainage base material described in Patent Document 2 or 3. When a water storage and drainage base material that secures a space for oxygen supply to the root is secured on the back side of the water-permeable sheet, depending on the type of vegetation mat and soil that is placed on the water-permeable sheet, The water storage capacity is not sufficient, and rainwater or sprinkled water may fall into the water storage recesses of the storage drainage base material in a short time, resulting in insufficient water supply to the plant roots in the vegetation mat or in the soil. Experienced to occur.

As in the case of the water storage / drainage base material described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to avoid a shortage of moisture in the soil layer (or vegetation mat, etc.) by placing the entire back surface of the water-permeable sheet in close contact with the water storage / drainage base material. However, as described above, it is difficult to form a space for supplying oxygen to the roots between the soil layer (or vegetation mat or the like) and the storage and drainage base material, which may cause inconvenience in plant growth. Can happen. For this reason, a satisfactory solution to the above problem cannot be obtained by using the storage and drainage base material of this form.

This invention makes it a subject to provide the suitable storage water drainage base material in order to solve the said problem. Specifically, on the one hand, it is possible to secure a space for supplying oxygen to the roots of the plant, and on the other hand, it is possible to reliably avoid water shortages that may occur in the soil layer (or vegetation mat, etc.). It is a first object to provide a more improved storage and drainage base material that can be used. Moreover, it is a 2nd subject to provide the greening structure which enabled the greening on the artificial ground using the water storage drainage base material.

The water storage drainage base material according to the present invention is a water storage drainage base disposed on an artificial ground having at least a water storage recess defined by a peripheral wall functioning as a weir and a plurality of support columns standing in the water storage recess. The plurality of struts include a plurality of first struts having a top surface height equal to or higher than a top surface height of the peripheral wall, and a top surface height of the top wall of the peripheral wall. It is characterized by being composed of one or a plurality of second support columns that are lower than the surface height.

Further, in the greening structure on the artificial ground according to the present invention, one or more of the water storage and drainage base materials according to the present invention are arranged on the artificial ground, and each strut is placed on the water storage and drainage base material arranged. A water permeable sheet is attached in a state of being supported from below by the top surface of the, and at least a configuration in which soil for vegetation is disposed on the water permeable sheet is provided.

In the water storage and drainage base material according to the present invention and the greening structure on the artificial ground using the same, a water-permeable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric is disposed on the water storage and drainage base material, and the vegetation soil which is a heavy material thereon In the water-permeable sheet, a region where the back side is supported by the top surface of the first column and a region where the back side is supported by the top surface of the second column are formed. In the vicinity of the former region, a space, that is, an air layer can be secured between the back surface of the water-permeable sheet and the water surface of the water stored in the water storage recess. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the latter region, since the height of the second support column is lower than the top surface height of the peripheral wall functioning as a weir, it is partially in the water stored in the water storage recess It becomes. Therefore, the water stored in the concave portion for water storage is directly supplied to the vegetation soil (custom soil or vegetation mat) on the water-permeable sheet in the region by a capillary phenomenon. The moisture also moves to other parts of the vegetation soil due to surface tension. As a result, the vegetation soil can be sufficiently hydrated, and the required water storage amount is secured without being affected by the physical properties of the vegetation soil.

In the present invention, when the top surface height of the first support column is higher than the top surface of the peripheral wall, between the back surface of the water permeable sheet and the water surface of the water stored in the water storage recess. It is possible to secure a wider space, that is, an air layer, in a wider and more reliable manner.

The top surface of the peripheral wall that functions as a weir may be a flat surface, or a notch for overflow may be formed in part. In the former case, the entire top surface becomes the overflow surface, and the water surface of the recessed portion for water storage is regulated to the height of the top surface. In the latter case, the bottom surface of the overflow notch becomes the overflow surface, and the water surface of the water storage recess is regulated by the height of the bottom of the overflow notch. Depending on the amount of water flowing into the reservoir and drainage base material, the entire top surface of the peripheral wall may become the overflow surface even in the latter case.

When using a reservoir / drainage base material in which a notch for overflow is formed on a part of the top surface of the peripheral wall, the top surface height of the first column is the same as the top surface height of the peripheral wall. However, a required space, that is, an air layer is secured in the vicinity of the region where the back side is supported by the top surface of the first support column in the water permeable sheet. Moreover, in the water storage drainage base material of this form, the top surface height of the second support column is a position lower than the bottom surface of the overflow notch formed on a part of the top surface of the peripheral wall. Is preferred.

The water storage / drainage base material according to the present invention may be formed from one water storage recess surrounded by a peripheral wall, or may be formed integrally with a plurality of water storage recesses surrounded by the peripheral wall.

In one form of the water storage and drainage base material, a part or all of the first struts are erected along the peripheral wall, and the second struts are erected by the first struts. It is standing in the recessed part for water storage inside a place, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. In a more preferred form, the top surface of the first support column is a slope inclined toward the second support column.

In the storage and drainage base material of these forms, the back surface side of the disposed water permeable sheet can be formed into a smooth inclined surface from the peripheral wall portion to the inside (second support column side). Therefore, the water absorption to the vegetation soil side of the water stored in the recessed part for water storage and the movement of the water | moisture content in the vegetation soil can be made smoother. Moreover, as described in the said patent document 3, it can also prevent that water flows down downstream as it is along the back surface of a water-permeable sheet, and water collection is also improved.

In one form of the water storage / drainage base material, the water storage / drainage base material further includes one or a plurality of third support columns whose top surface height is between the top surface height of the first support column and the top surface height of the second support column. It is characterized by that. Also in this embodiment, more preferably, the top surface of the third support column is an inclined surface inclined toward the second support column. In the water storage drainage base material of these forms, the height of the back surface of the water permeable sheet and the water surface of the recessed portion for water storage can be adjusted in stages, so that an appropriate desired gradient is provided on the back surface of the water permeable sheet. Thus, both the water collection effect to the water storage recess and the uniform water suction effect can be provided more effectively.

One embodiment of the water storage and drainage base material is characterized in that a drainage groove for draining water that attempts to get over the peripheral wall is formed on a part or all of the top surface of the peripheral wall. In a further preferred aspect of this embodiment, the drainage groove is formed with one or a plurality of drainage holes penetrating the back surface of the water storage drainage base material. In the storage and drainage base material of these forms, the water that overflows the storage and drainage base material can be smoothly guided to the back side of the storage and drainage base material. Therefore, in the greening structure constructed using the storage and drainage base material of these forms, when there is a lot of surplus water, such as when it rains, the surplus water is promptly put on the back side of the storage and drainage base material. Can be discharged. Thereby, the vegetation soil can be effectively prevented from running away.

In one embodiment of the greening structure according to the present invention, a water-permeable sheet having root-proof performance is used as the water-permeable sheet. Moreover, in the greening structure of another form, a root-resistant sheet | seat is laid on the artificial ground, and the said water storage drainage base material is installed on it. In these forms of greening structures, the roots of the vegetated plants reach the reservoir and drainage base material beyond the water-permeable sheet, and the roots of the vegetated plants reach the artificial ground. Can be blocked.

In the present invention, the water storage and drainage base material is not limited, but may be an integrally molded product of a resin foam from the viewpoint of lightness and heat insulation, particularly a molded product of expanded polystyrene from the viewpoint of moldability and strength. desirable. However, when the artificial ground to be installed is a place where the weight is not limited, it may be made of non-foamed synthetic resin, metal, concrete, mortar, or the like.

In the present invention, the material of the water-permeable sheet is preferably a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a network made of resin fibers, a resin sheet in which a plurality of holes are arranged, or a wire mesh, but the nonwoven fabric is particularly preferable. As described above, a non-woven fabric having a root-preventing performance or that prevents passage of plant roots by some means is more preferable.

This specification includes the contents described in the specification and / or drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-127365, which is the basis of the priority of the present application.

According to the present invention, it is possible to secure a space for supplying oxygen to the roots of a plant, and at the same time, it is possible to reliably avoid a water shortage that may occur in a vegetation soil layer. Drainage base material is obtained. In addition, the greening structure according to the present invention is excellent in plant growth because both oxygen supply to the root and appropriate water supply to the root in the vegetation soil proceed well.

The perspective view (a) which looked at one embodiment of the water storage drainage base material by the present invention from the upper surface side, sectional view (b) by the bb line of Drawing 1 (a), and c of Drawing 1 (a) Sectional view (c) along line -c. The perspective view which looked at the water storage drainage base material shown in FIG. 1 from the back surface. Sectional drawing explaining a state when a water-permeable sheet is arrange | positioned on the water storage drainage base material shown in FIG. Sectional drawing explaining the state which arrange | positions the water storage drainage base material shown in FIG. 1 on the artificial ground, and was set as the greening structure. The figure corresponded in FIG.1 (b) for demonstrating the other form of the storage-drainage base material by this invention. The partial view for demonstrating the further another form of the water storage drainage base material by this invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a storage and drainage base material according to the present invention.

In this example, the entire storage and drainage base material A shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is an integrally molded product of foamed resin (for example, foamed polystyrene), and is approximately 10 to 200 cm on a side and approximately 1 to 10 cm in thickness when viewed from above. It is a flat plate that forms a square. The water storage and drainage base material A has, as a basic structure, a peripheral wall 10 functioning as a weir, a water storage recess 20 partitioned by the peripheral wall 10, and a plurality of columns 30 erected in the water storage recess 20. Is provided. The peripheral wall 10 includes an outer peripheral wall 11 that defines the outer edge of the storage and drainage base material A, and inner peripheral walls 12 that are orthogonal to each other and that divides the region surrounded by the outer peripheral wall 11 into a plurality of (in the illustrated example, nine) sections. Consists of. Thereby, this water storage drainage base material A is provided with nine concave portions 20 for water storage that are partitioned into substantially the same square by the outer peripheral wall 11 and the inner peripheral wall 12. The top surfaces of the peripheral wall 10 (the outer peripheral wall 11 and the inner peripheral wall 12) are flat surfaces, and all have the same height.

Although not shown in the drawings, the number of the recessed portions 20 for storing water is arbitrary for constituting one stored water / drainage base material A, and one stored / drained water is formed by one recessed portion 20 for storing water surrounded only by the outer peripheral wall 11 defining the outer edge. A base material may be formed. Each of the water storage recesses 20 may have a shape other than a square, and one water storage / drainage base material may be formed by a plurality of water storage recesses 20 having different shapes.

In each of the water storage recesses 20, a plurality of support columns 30 are erected from the bottom surface. The support column 30 includes a first support column 31 erected along the peripheral wall 10 (the outer peripheral wall 11 and / or the inner peripheral wall 12), a second support column 32 erected in the center of the water storage recess 20, and It is comprised by the 3rd support | pillar 33 standingly arranged in the area | region between the 1st support | pillar 31 and the 2nd support | pillar 32. In the illustrated water storage drainage base material A, each of the water storage recesses 20 includes sixteen first support columns 31, eight third support columns 33, and one second support column 32 from the bottom surface. Stands vertically.

As shown in FIG. 1B, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line bb of FIG. 1A, the top surface height of the first column 31 is higher than the top surface height of the peripheral wall 10, and the second column The top surface height of 32 is lower than the top surface height of the peripheral wall 10. Further, the top surface height of the third support column 33 is set to a height between the top surface height of the first support column 31 and the top surface height of the second support column 32. In the illustrated example, the top surface height of the third support column 33 is equal to the top surface height of the peripheral wall 10, but is not limited thereto. In the present invention, the support column 30 basically includes a plurality of first support columns 31 whose top surface height is equal to or higher than the top surface height of the peripheral wall 10 and the top surface height of the peripheral wall. If one or a plurality of second support columns 32 having a height lower than 10 is provided, the intended purpose can be achieved, and all the third support columns 33 are omitted. You can also. The top surface height of the second support column 32 is arbitrary on condition that it is lower than the top surface height of the peripheral wall 10 as described above. As described later, the top surface height is used for storing water in the vegetation soil installed thereon. What is necessary is just to set suitably according to how much the water stored in the recessed part 20 is sucked up.

In the peripheral wall 10, the lateral width of the inner peripheral wall 12 is wider than the lateral width of the outer peripheral wall 11. And the groove | channel 13 for drainage is formed in the center of the width direction of the top | upper surface of each inner peripheral wall 12 over the longitudinal direction full length of each inner peripheral wall 12. As shown in FIG. The drainage groove 13 also penetrates the outer peripheral wall 11 intersecting with each inner peripheral wall 12.

Overhang portions

14 and 14 are provided on the outer sides of two intersecting sides of the outer peripheral wall 11, and the upper surface of each overhang portion 14 has a first step portion 15 having the same width and depth as the drainage groove 13, and A second step portion 16 is formed outside the first step portion 15 that is lower than the first step portion 15. On the back surface side of the remaining two sides intersecting the outer peripheral wall 11, a region 17 that is cut out by the same thickness as the thickness of the second step portion 16 is formed over the entire length.

The required number of legs 18 having the same height are formed on the back surface of the water storage / drainage base material A so as to avoid the position facing the peripheral wall 10 (the outer peripheral wall 11 and the inner peripheral wall 12). In addition, an appropriate number of holes penetrating the back surface are formed as drainage holes 19 in the first step portion 15 formed on the top surfaces of the drainage grooves 13 and the overhanging portions 14.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a state when a flexible water-permeable sheet B such as a nonwoven fabric is arranged on the above-described water storage / drainage base material A, and a state at a cross-sectional position shown in FIG. Is shown. When a load is applied to the entire upper surface of the water-permeable sheet B, the water-permeable sheet B is in a state where the back surface side is supported by the top surface of the support column 30 described above. In this example, the water-permeable sheet B has three types of columns having different heights, that is, the first column 31 having the highest height, the third column 33 having the intermediate height, and the second column having the lowest height. The back side is supported by the column 32. Thereby, in each recessed part 20 for water storage, the water-permeable sheet B is supported in the highest position in the area | region along the said surrounding wall 10, and a support position becomes low gradually toward the center, and the 2nd support | pillar 32 is provided. It is the lowest position in the vicinity of the region supported by. More specifically, in each of the water storage recesses 20, the water permeable sheet B is supported at the highest position in the region of the four circumferences along the peripheral wall 10, and is supported at the lowest position at the center position. .

Next, the greening structure C on the artificial ground formed by using an appropriate number of the above-mentioned water storage and drainage base materials A will be described with reference to FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the greening structure C is formed on a roof case D having a slight inclination angle, which is an example of an artificial ground. First, a root-resistant sheet (mainly a polyethylene sheet, a vinyl chloride sheet, a foamed polyethylene sheet, etc.) E is preferably spread on the roof frame D in order to protect the roof waterproof layer from the roots of plants. At that time, the lap portion of the root-resistant sheet is secured with a sufficient wrap distance or tape or the like. The root-resistant sheet is fixed to the roof frame D using an adhesive or an anchor.

On top of this, a large number of the above water storage and drainage base materials A are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. By surrounding the surroundings of the disposed water storage and drainage base materials A with the parting material F and fixing each parting material F to the roof case D by an appropriate means, the disposed water storage and drainage base materials A are stabilized. Further, as described above, each water storage and drainage base material A has the protruding portion 14 having the above-described configuration, and the second stepped portion 16 is provided below the notched region 17 of the adjacent water storage and drainage base material A. By arranging so as to be inserted, the drainage groove 13 by the first step portion 15 is formed at the joint portion of the water storage and drainage base materials A and A that are adjacently joined.

Lay a water permeable sheet B, which is, for example, a non-woven fabric, on the stored water storage drainage base material A group. Preferably, a water permeable sheet having root prevention performance is used. Then, a vegetation soil (custom soil layer or vegetation mat) G is disposed on the water-permeable sheet B, and the plant H is vegetated by the vegetation soil G. Preferably, a water-permeable sheet (polyester long fiber nonwoven fabric or the like) (not shown) for preventing soil outflow is laid on the vegetation soil G and fixed for each water storage and drainage base material A.

During vegetation, irrigation is performed from above the vegetation soil G. In addition, water is supplied from a water supply pipe attached at the upper level. Of the irrigated or supplied water, the water that has not been absorbed by the vegetation soil G passes through the vegetation soil G and falls into the water storage recess 20 of the water storage drainage base material A, and the water W stored in the water storage recess 20 Is done. Usually, the roof frame D, which is an artificial ground, is slightly inclined, and when the amount of water stored in the recess 20 for water storage increases, it will flow over the peripheral wall 10 (the outer peripheral wall 11 and the inner peripheral wall 12) functioning as a weir. , It flows out to the inclined downstream side. It also overflows in the horizontal direction. The overflowed water enters each drainage groove 13 formed on the top surface of the peripheral wall 10 (the outer peripheral wall 11 and the inner peripheral wall 12), passes through the drainage hole 19 from there, and promptly enters the back surface side of the storage drainage base material A. Discharged. The discharged water passes through the space between the legs 18 formed on the back surface of each storage and drainage base material A and is drained out of the roof frame D.

As described above, by using the water storage and drainage base material A according to the present invention, the water permeable sheet B is a four-round region along the peripheral wall 10 (the outer peripheral wall 11 and the inner peripheral wall 12) in each of the water storage recesses 20. Is supported at the highest position, and at the central position is supported at the lowest position. The highest position is higher than the top surface of the peripheral wall 10 (outer peripheral wall 11 and inner peripheral wall 12) functioning as a weir, and the lowest position is lower than the top surface of the peripheral wall 10. Therefore, even when the water storage W of each water storage recess 20 becomes full or overflows beyond the top surface of the peripheral wall 10, an air layer is formed between the water surface and the back surface of the water permeable sheet B. A space is formed. Moreover, since the lowest position of the water-permeable sheet B is always at a position lower than the top surface of the peripheral wall 10 as described above, the water-permeable sheet B and the vegetation soil G are in contact with the stored water in that region. Put in condition. Therefore, the water W stored in the water storage recess 20 is directly sucked into the vegetation soil G by capillary action. Moreover, the water | moisture content moves also to the other part of the soil G for vegetation by surface tension. As a result, the vegetation soil G can be sufficiently hydrated, and the required water retention amount is secured without being influenced by the physical properties of the vegetation soil G. Therefore, the greening structure C according to the present invention allows both the supply of oxygen to the roots and the appropriate water supply to the roots in the vegetation soil G to proceed satisfactorily. Can be maintained.

Further, as shown in the drawing, the entire back surface forms a concave curved surface so that the lowest part of the water-permeable sheet B is located at the center of the water storage recess 20, thereby ensuring excess water from the vegetation soil G. It is possible to drop into the water storage recess 20. In particular, when the third support 33 is provided as described above, the concave curved surface of the entire back surface of the water-permeable sheet B can be made smooth, and the curved shape also adjusts the height of the third support 33. By doing so, it can be adjusted to an optimum shape.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the water storage and drainage base material according to the present invention. This water storage drainage base material A1 is shown in FIG. 1 only in that the top surfaces of the first support column 31 and the third support column 33 are

inclined surfaces

31a and 33a directed toward the second support column 32. It is different from the stored water drainage base material A. Other configurations are the same as the storage and drainage base material A, and the description is omitted by attaching the same reference numerals. In this water storage drainage base material A1, the back surface side of the arranged water-permeable sheet B can be made to be a smoother inclined surface from the peripheral wall portion 10 toward the inside (the second support column 32 side). Therefore, in addition to facilitating the water absorption of the water W stored in the water storage recess 20 to the vegetation soil G side and the movement of moisture in the vegetation soil G, the water-permeable sheet B It is possible to prevent the water from flowing down to the downstream side as it is along the back surface, and the water collection into the water storage recess 20 is further improved.

FIG. 6 shows a part of another embodiment of the storage and drainage base material according to the present invention. This water storage and drainage base material A2 is different from the above-mentioned water storage and drainage base materials A and A1 in that an overflow notch 40 is formed in a part of the peripheral wall 10 (the outer peripheral wall 11 and the inner peripheral wall 12). And the top | upper surface height of the 2nd support | pillar 32 is made into the position lower than the bottom face of the notch 40 for overflow. The top surface height of the first support column 31 and the third support column 33 is arbitrary on the condition that it is equal to or higher than the top surface height of the peripheral wall 10. In the illustrated example, the top surface height of the first support column 31 and the third support column 33 is the same as the top surface height of the peripheral wall 10.

When using this water storage and drainage base material A2, the water stored in the water storage recess 20 overflows from the bottom portion of the overflow notch 40. That is, the height of the stored water in the overflow notch 40 depends on the height of the bottom surface of the overflow notch 40. However, in the water storage and drainage base material A2, the top surface height of the second support column 32 is lower than the bottom surface of the overflow notch 40. Therefore, in the greening structure using the water storage and drainage base material A2 In addition, both oxygen supply to the roots and appropriate water supply to the roots in the vegetation soil G can be satisfied at the same time.

A, A1, A2 ... Water storage drainage base material,
B ... Water-permeable sheet,
C ... Greening structure on artificial ground,
D ... Roof roof as artificial ground,
E ... Root resistant sheet,
F ... Parting material,
G ... Soil for vegetation (custom soil layer or vegetation mat)
H ... Vegetation,
W ... Reserved water,
10 ... Surrounding wall,
11 ... outer peripheral wall,
12 ... Inner wall,
13 ... Drain,
18 ... the back leg,
19 ... Drain hole,
20 ... Recess for water storage,
30 ... posts,
31 ... the first column,
32 ... second support,
33 ... Third support.

All publications, patents and patent applications cited in this specification shall be incorporated into the present specification as they are.

Claims

A water storage / drainage base material disposed on an artificial ground, comprising at least a water storage recess defined by a peripheral wall functioning as a weir, and a plurality of struts erected in the water storage recess, wherein the plurality The first support column has a plurality of first support columns whose top surface height is equal to or higher than the top surface height of the peripheral wall, and the top surface height is lower than the top surface height of the peripheral wall. A water storage / drainage base material comprising a second or a plurality of second support columns.
A part or all of the first struts are erected along the peripheral wall, and the second struts are in the water storage recesses inside the place where the first struts are erected. The water storage and drainage base material according to claim 1, wherein the water storage drainage base material is provided.
The water storage drainage base material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the top surface of the first support column is a slope inclined toward the second support column.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising one or a plurality of third support columns whose top surface height is between the top surface height of the first support column and the top surface height of the second support column. The water storage drainage base material according to any one of 3 above.
5. The storage and drainage base material according to claim 4, wherein the top surface of the third support column is a slope inclined toward the second support column.
The drainage groove for draining the water which tries to get over the said surrounding wall is formed in the top | upper surface of a part or all of the said surrounding wall, The drainage groove | channel as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5 characterized by the above-mentioned. Water storage drainage base material.
The storage drainage base material according to claim 6, wherein the drainage groove is formed with one or a plurality of drainage holes penetrating the back surface of the storage drainage base material.
One or more of the water storage and drainage base materials according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are disposed on the artificial ground, and the top surface of each of the columns is disposed on the top surface of the water storage and drainage base material from below. A greening structure on an artificial ground, comprising a structure in which a water-permeable sheet is attached in a supported state, and vegetation soil is disposed on the water-permeable sheet.
The greening structure according to claim 8, wherein a water-permeable sheet having root prevention performance is used as the water-permeable sheet.
The greening structure according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a root-resistant sheet is laid on the artificial ground, and the water storage and drainage base material is installed thereon.