JPH06319378A - Rainwater-storing vegetation ground - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a rainwater-storing vegetation ground to be installed e.g. on the roof of a building to enable the suppression of flow out of rainwater by temporarily storing rainwater in the case of rainfall exceeding a prescribed level and preventing the urban-type flood and enable the greening of the environment by using the stored rainwater without using additional water. CONSTITUTION:The rainwater-storing vegetation ground 1 is constructed of a top-opened housing 2 placed outdoors, a water-storing tank 3 having closed bottom, filled with porous granular aggregate 6 and formed at the lower part in the housing 2 and a ground 4 placed above the water-storing tank 3 and passing rainwater to the water-storing tank 3 in the case of rainfall exceeding a prescribed level. A water-supply restriction sheet 11 having an open area ratio of 0.1-10% is placed between the water-storing tank 3 and the ground 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rainwater storage type planting ground, which can be installed on the roof of a building to prevent urban flooding and to plant trees without irrigation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the progress of urbanization due to the widespread use of sewers and the paving of concrete around roads, houses and other facilities, the peak arrival time of rainwater to rivers has been shortened and urban river flooding has become frequent. The new urban flood is becoming a social problem.

As a measure for preventing this urban flood, a method of suppressing the outflow of rainwater by greening the rooftop of the building with lawns, trees, flowers and the like to impregnate the soil disposed on the rooftop with rainwater. Are believed to be effective.

However, in this case, the outflow of rainwater is suppressed only by an amount capable of impregnating the soil arranged on the roof of the building.

By the way, the present inventor has installed a water storage tank under a medium for planting trees, flowers, etc., and stores it in the water storage tank when rainwater of a predetermined amount or more falls, and as necessary. A non-irrigation type planter capable of raising and supplying water from a water tank to a culture medium has been filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 3-181218.

Therefore, the present inventor thought that by increasing the size of this non-irrigation type planter, it is possible to effectively suppress the outflow of rainwater and to green the roof of the building without watering. .

[0007]

However, in order to increase the size of the non-irrigation type planter to the extent that it can be installed on the rooftop of a building, it is necessary to provide equipment for holding the ground on a water tank. As a result, there is a problem that the cost is increased when the plate is used.

In addition, when a predetermined amount or more of rain falls, it is excessive to supply the rain to the lawn, trees, flowers, etc. planted in the ground with all the water stored in the water tank. There was also the problem that there was.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to install it on the roof of a building, for example, to prevent rainwater from flowing out to prevent urban flooding and to green without irrigation. It is to provide rainwater storage type planting ground that can be done at low cost.

[0010]

To achieve the above object, a rainwater storage type planting ground of the present invention is provided outdoors and has a housing having an open upper end and a bottomed bottom provided in the housing. A water tank filled with porous gravel material,
It is composed of a ground provided at the upper part of this water tank and passed through the water tank when it rains above a predetermined amount, and
A water supply limiting sheet having an opening ratio of 0.1 to 10% is arranged between the water storage tank and the ground.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
Drainage means is provided for gradually discharging the rainwater stored in the water tank to the outside of the housing.

[0012]

[Operation] The ground on which the plants are planted is held on the water tank filled with the porous gravel material.

When it rains, rainwater permeates the ground. Then, the rainwater moistens the ground, but when the amount of rain exceeds the amount that can be impregnated into the ground, the rainwater passes through the ground and is stored in the water tank while being impregnated in the porous gravel-like material. .

The rainwater stored in the water tank rises by the capillary force of the porous gravel material and is supplied to the ground. At this time, since a water supply limiting sheet with an aperture ratio of 0 to 1 to 10% is arranged between the water tank and the ground, the rainwater supplied to the ground by the capillary force of the porous gravel material is raised. The amount of water is adjusted, and the amount of water is supplied according to the evapotranspiration of the ground and plants, and excessive supply is prevented.

When the drainage means is provided, the rainwater stored in the water tank is gradually discharged out of the housing when a predetermined amount of rain or more falls.

[0016]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of a rainwater storage type planting ground of the present invention, and FIG.
It is a -I line sectional view.

The rainwater storage type planting ground 1 comprises a housing 2 which is installed outdoors and has an open upper end, and a water tank 3 which is provided in the lower part of the housing 2 with a bottom and is filled with a porous gravel-like material 6. And a ground 4 which is provided above the water tank 3 and passes through the water tank 3 when a predetermined amount of rain or more falls, and the open area ratio between the water tank 3 and the ground 4 is 0.1 to 10
% Of the water supply limiting sheet 11 is provided. And
Plants 8 such as lawns, trees, and flowers are planted on the ground 4.

The housing 2 may be any as long as it can accommodate the water tank 3 and the ground 4, and can be installed on the roof of a building, for example. Therefore, it is preferable that its size is determined according to the place of installation, such as concrete, synthetic resin,
It can be made of pottery, metal, or the like.

The water storage tank 3 is filled with a porous gravel-like material 6 such as pumice and pearlite. Since the water tank 3 is filled with the porous gravel-like material 6, it is possible to use the ground 4 without using equipment for holding the ground 4 such as a plate on the water tank 3.
Can be provided, and the water 7 stored in the water storage tank 3 can be raised by the capillary force and supplied to the ground 4. The water storage tank 3 may be one or a combination of two or more as necessary. Therefore, the size may be determined according to the place where it is installed and the size of the housing 2, but the depth is, for example, 5 to 25.
It is preferably about cm. Further, for example, when the amount of water 7 in the water tank 3 is insufficient due to a small amount of rainfall or the volume of the water tank 3 is small, water other than rain water, for example, tap water is supplied. You can also

The porous gravel-like material 6 allows the ground 4 to be directly placed on the water storage layer 3 without hindering the water storage capacity of the water storage tank 3, and further allows the water 7 to be raised by the capillary force. It is preferably filled in. Therefore, the particle size of the porous gravel-like material 6 is preferably about 0.5 mm to 10 cm.

As the ground 4, ordinary soil can be used, but it is more preferable to use porous granular artificial soil. The porous granular artificial soil is, for example, a substance having a high basic exchange capacity, a substance having a high water retention capacity, and a porous material containing all or part of a warm-acting fertilizer, and is lightweight and has a water retention capacity. It is high in fertilizer retention, has good water permeability and breathability, and does not hinder root growth. As the artificial soil having such characteristics, for example, "Super resole" (trade name, manufactured by Crea Terra Co., Ltd.) can be used.

It is preferable that a water supply limiting sheet 11 having an opening ratio of 0.1 to 10% is provided between the water storage tank 3 and the ground 4, for example, by forming holes 11a. By arranging the water supply restriction sheet 11,
Water tank 3 that has risen in the porous gravel-like material 6 due to capillary force
The supply amount of the inside water 7 to the ground 4 is limited, and it is possible to supply only the water 7 in an amount corresponding to the evapotranspiration of the ground 4 and the plant 8, and it is possible to prevent root rot of the plant 8 and the like.

As the water supply limiting sheet 11, for example, a synthetic resin sheet or the like can be used. In this embodiment, in order to set the aperture ratio to 0.1-10%, the holes 11a, 11
.. are provided at predetermined intervals, the present invention is not limited to this method. For example, a method of laying strip-shaped sheets at predetermined intervals can be adopted.

Further, it is preferable to dispose a water-permeable sheet 12 between the water storage tank 3 and the ground 4 so as to overlap the water supply limiting sheet 11. The water-permeable sheet 12 is made of, for example, a non-woven fabric that allows water to pass through but does not allow the roots of the plant 8 to pass through. When the water-permeable sheet 12 does not pass through the roots of the plants 8, the roots extend into the water storage tank 3 and suck up the water 7 in the water storage tank 3 excessively, or the roots extending into the water storage tank 3 die and the water storage tank 3 Prevents the water 7 from decaying. The method for preventing the roots of the plants 8 from growing in the water tank 3 is not limited to the provision of the water permeable sheet 12, and for example, a substance containing the physiologically active substance trifluralin that inhibits the roots of the plants 8 is distributed. The method of setting is also adopted.

According to the mechanism described above, the rainwater storage type planting ground 1 stores rainwater in the water storage tank 3 and restricts the supply of the water 7 rising in the porous gravel-like material 6 by the capillary force as necessary. It is possible to grow the plant 8 without irrigation by supplying it to the ground 4 while adjusting the supply amount with the use sheet 11, but gradually discharging the water 7 stored in the water tank 3 to the outside of the housing 2. By providing the draining means 5 for storing the water, when the rain exceeds a predetermined amount, the water is temporarily stored in the water storage tank 3 and the draining means 5 is provided.
Can be gradually drained.

In this embodiment, the drainage means 5 has two or more water storage tanks 3 arranged at predetermined intervals, and the upper end surface of the water storage tank 3 is placed in a so-called gap between the adjacent water storage tanks 3, 3. A holding plate 13 having a large number of holes or a net-like water passage is arranged at a position lower by a predetermined distance, for example, about 50 mm, and the lower end surface of the ground 4a on the holding plate 13 is the water storage tank 3
So that it is lower than the upper end surface of. By arranging in this way, when the water level of the water 7 in the water tank 3 is higher than the lower end surface position of the ground 4a on the holding plate 13, the water 7 once rises into the ground 4, Through the ground 4a on the holding plate 13 at the lower position, it is gradually drained to the drain groove 14 through the holding plate 13.

That is, the height H of the water storage tank 3 and the water storage tank 3
The difference from the height h from the bottom of the
If m, the water surface height of the water 7 in the water tank 3 does not exceed h or more, and the water tank 3 can maintain a margin of 50 mm, and even if a large amount of rain falls thereafter, the water tank 3 receives it. It is possible to suppress the outflow at the peak time and gradually drain the water.

The draining means 5 is not limited to this method. For example, a drainage adjusting valve may be provided to store rain that has fallen by a predetermined amount or more and gradually drain it.

The rainwater storage type planting ground 1 is arranged outdoors, such as on the roof of a building. If a large number of this rainwater storage type planting ground 1 is arranged, even if it rains more than a predetermined amount,
The peak time for rainwater to reach the river will be extended to prevent urban river flooding and prevent urban floods. Also, the rooftops of buildings will be greened without watering.

[0030]

As described above, in the rainwater storage type planting ground of the present invention, the water tank is arranged below the ground, and when the rain exceeds a predetermined amount, the rainwater is stored. The tank can be used to store water, and if necessary, drainage means can be installed to gradually drain water, so that the peak arrival time of rainwater to the river can be extended to prevent flooding of urban rivers, and Flood can be prevented.

Further, since the water tank is filled with the porous gravel material, the water stored in the water tank rises in the porous gravel material due to the capillary force and is supplied to the ground. Plants can be planted without water. Since the water supply limiting sheet is provided between the ground and the water storage tank, the amount of water supplied to the ground can be adjusted, and root rot of plants can be prevented.

Further, since the water tank is filled with the porous gravel-like material, the ground can be arranged directly on the water tank without using equipment such as a plate for holding the ground, which is economical. Is also advantageous.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of a rainwater storage type planting ground of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line I-I in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Rainwater storage type planting ground 2 Heising 3 Water tank 4 Ground 5 Drainage means 6 Porous gravel material 7 Water 8 Plants 11 Water supply restriction sheet 12 Permeable sheet

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A housing which is installed outdoors and has an open upper end, a water tank which is provided in the lower part of the housing with a bottom and is filled with porous gravel-like material, and a water tank which is provided above the water tank. Rainwater storage that is composed of the ground that passes through the water tank when a certain amount of rain or more falls, and a water supply limiting sheet with an opening ratio of 0.1 to 10% is arranged between the water tank and the ground. Type planting ground. 2. The rainwater storage type planting ground according to claim 1, further comprising drainage means for gradually discharging the rainwater stored in the water storage tank to the outside of the housing.