JP3865117B2

JP3865117B2 - flower bed

Info

Publication number: JP3865117B2
Application number: JP2001057028A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 孝雄田中
Original assignee: Sekisui House Ltd
Current assignee: Sekisui House Ltd
Priority date: 2001-03-01
Filing date: 2001-03-01
Publication date: 2007-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2021-03-01
Also published as: JP2002253044A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、庭、花壇等への散水後の水や雨水等の排水を利用して、人や機械による散水が不要な花壇に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の花壇では、花壇に植えられている植物に、人間や機械により定期的に散水をおこなう必要があると共に、図７に示すように、アスファルト防水等の屋根防水が施された上に、モルタルやタイル等で表面仕上げがなされた鉄筋コンクリート造の建物の屋上に、屋上庭園として花壇１００が施工される場合には、該花壇１００の周壁１０１に沿って排水溝Ｄを設けて、前記周壁１０１に設けた排水口１０２から排出される花壇１００の排水や屋上床面Ｆを流れる雨水等を処理していた。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、このように花壇１００の周壁１０１に沿って排水溝Ｄを設けることにより、屋上の外観が損なわれるという問題点があった。
【０００４】
本発明は、上記課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、このような屋上の外観を改善すると共に、散水が不要な花壇を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するためになされた本発明の請求項１に記載の花壇は、既存花壇の周壁に沿って設けられる花壇であって、前記既存花壇への散水後の水や雨水等の排水が流れる排水溝に沿って配設され、前記排水が流入する流入空間が設けられた支持部材と、該支持部材と前記排水溝と前記周壁とで囲まれる敷設空間内に敷設され、前記散水後の水や雨水等の排水を吸水する多孔質で保水性を有する珪藻土と該珪藻土より粒径の細かい園芸用土とを下から順に敷き詰められてなる吸水部材と、前記支持部材の設置長さ全長に前記排水溝の底面に設置され、前記吸水部材に吸水されない余剰の前記排水を通水させると共に、その排水が流れる排水空間を前記排水溝との間に形成するメッシュ状の排水部材とからなることを特徴とするものである。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面に基づいて説明する。
本実施の形態に係る花壇１０は、図１に示すように、アスファルト防水等の屋根防水が施された上に、モルタルやタイル等で表面仕上げがなされた鉄筋コンクリート造の建物の屋上に設けられた既存花壇１００の周壁１０１に沿って設けられたものであり、図２に示すように、前記周壁１０１に沿って設けられた排水溝Ｄに沿って配設され、屋上床面Ｆを流れる雨水等が流入する流入空間Ｓ１が設けられた支持部材２０と、前記周壁１０１と支持部材２０と排水溝Ｄとで囲まれた敷設空間Ｓ２内に敷設され、前記周壁１０１の排出口１０２及び前記支持部材２０の流入空間Ｓ１から流出する排水を吸水する吸水部材３０と、前記排水溝Ｄの底面に設置され、前記吸水部材３０に吸水されない余剰の排水を通水させると共に、その排水が流れる排水空間Ｓ３を形成する排水部材４０とからなるものである。以下、更に詳細に説明する。
【０００８】
前記支持部材２０は、図３に示すように、前記排水溝Ｄに沿うように前記屋上床面Ｆ上に所定の間隔をあけて載置された矩形状の木板のスペーサ２１と、該スペーサ２１の上に配設された枕木状の木材である側板２２とからなる。その長さ及び幅は、任意で定めることができるが、その高さは、前記周壁１０１の高さを超えないようにする。そして、前記スペーサ２１を所定の間隔で載置し、その上に前記側板２２を配設することで、該側板２２の下端に前記屋上床面Ｆを流れる雨水等が流入する流入空間Ｓ１を設けている。
【０００９】
なお、本実施の形態では、前記支持部材２０を、前記スペーサ２１と前記側板２２との２部材としたが、前記支持部材２０に、前記屋上床面Ｆを流れる雨水等の排水が流れ込む流入空間Ｓ１を設けることができればよいので、例えばスペーサ２１を設けずに前記側板２２の下部を略コ字形に切り欠いて流入空間Ｓ１を形成させる等してもよく、前記支持部材２０の部材数及びその形状は特に問わない。
【００１０】
前記吸水部材３０は、珪藻土３１と園芸用土３２とからなり、図２に示すように、前記周壁１０１と前記排水溝Ｄと前記支持部材２０とで囲まれた敷設空間Ｓ２内に、下から前記珪藻土３１、前記園芸用土３２の順に敷き詰められる。そして、前記既存花壇１００の周壁１０１に設けられている排水口１０２から排出された排水、屋上床面Ｆを流れて前記流入空間Ｓ１から排出された雨水等の排水を、前記珪藻土３１、前記園芸用土３２がそれぞれ吸水、保水する。
また、前記珪藻土３１は、粒径が大きく多孔質で保水性を有しているので、各珪藻土３１間に間隙３３が形成されて、敷設空間Ｓ２内の排水性、通気性を確保し、植物の根腐れ等を防止するだけでなく、排水の供給がないときには、前記珪藻土３１に蓄えられた水分が、前記珪藻土３１から放出されて、植物に供給される。
【００１１】
本実施形態においては、敷設空間Ｓ２の下方に敷き詰める前記吸水部材３０を、前記珪藻土３１としたが、これに限定されずに、フィラメント状繊維を圧縮接着した不織布や多孔質の合成樹脂等で、強力な吸水力を有しているものが望ましい。
【００１２】
前記排水部材４０は、図３に示すように、メッシュ状の管体を縦方向に２分割したものであり、前記支持部材２０の設置長さ全長に、その切断面を前記排水溝Ｄの底面に向け、伏せるようにして前記排水溝Ｄに設置される。これにより、図２に示すように、前記排水溝Ｄと前記排水部材４０との間に、排水が流れる排水空間Ｓ３が形成されて、排水の流れが円滑になるだけでなく、前記花壇１０内の通気性を確保して植物の根腐れを防止する。また、前記排水部材４０の材質及び厚さは、前記吸水部材３０や植物との重さに耐え得ることができればよく、そのメッシュの大きさは、前記吸水部材３０が落下しない程度であればよい。
そして、図示はしないが、前記排水溝Ｄに設置後は、前記排水部材４０の詰りを防ぎ、かつ詰りの原因となるごみ類を除去するためのメッシュ状の目皿をその両端に設けておく。
【００１３】
なお、本実施の形態では、前記排水部材４０を、長さ方向に２本並列に排水溝Ｄの底面に設置したが、前記支持部材２０と同様に、雨水等の排水が前記排水溝Ｄへ排出される排水空間Ｓ３を形成することができればよいので、その形状はこれに限定されずに、角管でも、メッシュ状の板材を略半円形に湾曲させて形成してもよい。
【００１４】
次に、上記の構成を有する花壇１０の使用について説明する。
まず、図３に示すように、前記排水溝Ｄに沿って、前記スペーサ２１、所望の長さの前記側板２２を配設した後、前記側板２２の両端に、前記排水溝Ｄと直交するように前記側板２２を配設して、図４に示すように、屋上床面Ｆを流れる雨水との排水が流入する流入空間Ｓ１を形成すると共に、前記側板２２と前記排水溝Ｄと前記周壁１０１とで前記吸水部材３０を敷き詰める敷設空間Ｓ２を形成する。
なお、本実施の形態では、前記周壁１０１を支持部材２０とし、前記周壁に設けられている排水口１０２を流入空間Ｓ１としているが、図示はしないが、前記排水溝Ｄがこのような周壁１０１に沿わずに独立して設けられるときには、その排水溝Ｄの両側に前記支持部材２０を配設して前記吸水部材３０を敷設する空間Ｓ２を形成する。
【００１５】
そして、図５に示すように、前記排水部材４０を、前記排水空間Ｓ３を形成するように、前記排水溝Ｄの底面に設置し、その上に前記珪藻土３１、前記園芸用土３２を順に敷き詰める。前記珪藻土３１の上に前記園芸用土３２を敷き詰めることで、前記珪藻土３１より細かい粒径の前記園芸用土３２が、前記排水部材４０に詰まることを防いでいる。また、予め前記園芸用土３２に肥料を混合させておくことができるだけでなく、植物を植えた後で容易に施肥をおこなうことができるので、植物の成長を促進させることができる。
【００１６】
前記園芸用土５０を敷き詰めた後に、図２に示すように、好みの植物を植えて、前記花壇１０を完成させる。前記花壇１０に植えられる植物の種類は、特に限定されないが、根の伸長があまりなく、少量の水でも生育可能な草花類が望ましい。
【００１７】
前記花壇１０の設置後、前記既存花壇１００への散水後の排水及び前記奥除床面Ｆを流れる雨水等の排水は、図６に示すように、前記周壁１０１の排水口１０２、前記支持部材２０の流入空間Ｓ１からそれぞれ排出させて、前記珪藻土３１、前記園芸用土３２それぞれに吸水、保水されると共に、植物の根に供給される。そして、前記珪藻土３１、前記園芸用土３２及び植物の根に休止されなかった余剰の排水は、前記排水部材４０から排水空間Ｓ３に流れ込んで排水溝Ｄに排出される。
【００１８】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の請求項１に記載の花壇は、既存花壇の周壁に沿って設けられる花壇であって、前記既存花壇への散水後の水や雨水等の排水が流れる排水溝に沿って配設され、前記排水が流入する流入空間が設けられた支持部材と、該支持部材と前記排水溝と前記周壁とで囲まれる敷設空間内に敷設され、前記散水後の水や雨水等の排水を吸水する多孔質で保水性を有する珪藻土と該珪藻土より粒径の細かい園芸用土とを下から順に敷き詰められてなる吸水部材と、前記支持部材の設置長さ全長に前記排水溝の底面に設置され、前記吸水部材に吸水されない余剰の前記排水を通水させると共に、その排水が流れる排水空間を前記排水溝との間に形成するメッシュ状の排水部材とからなるので、前記流入空間から排出された排水が、前記吸水部材に保持され植物の根に供給されて、人や機械による定期的な散水が不要であると共に、余剰の排水が前記排水部材から前記排水空間へ排出されて、通気、排水を確実におこなうことができ、植物の根腐れを生じさせることなく植物を好適に育成させることができるという利点がある。また、排水溝の上部に花壇を形成するので、屋上等の外観を損なわないという利点がある。さらに、前記吸水部材が、多孔質であるので、その各孔に水分が保持されて、適度な湿潤雰囲気に保つことができると共に、排水の供給が少ないときは、その孔から水分が放出され、植物の根に供給する事により、植生を維持することができるという利点がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態に係る花壇の概略構成を示す図である。
【図２】本実施の形態の一例を示す断面図である。
【図３】支持部材を示す斜視図である。
【図４】本実施の形態の施工手順の一例を示す斜視図である。
【図５】本実施の形態の施工手順の一例を示す斜視図である。
【図６】本実施の形態の一例を示す断面図である。
【図７】既存の花壇を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１０花壇
２０支持部材
３０吸水部材
４０排水部材
１００既存花壇
Ｓ１流入空間
Ｓ２敷設空間
Ｓ３排水空間
Ｄ排水溝
Ｆ屋上床面[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a flower bed that does not require watering by a person or a machine, using drainage water such as water or rainwater after watering a garden, a flower bed, or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the conventional flower bed, the plants planted in the flower bed need to be regularly sprayed by humans and machines, and as shown in FIG. When the flower bed 100 is constructed as a rooftop garden on the roof of a reinforced concrete building whose surface is finished with a tile or the like, a drainage groove D is provided along the peripheral wall 101 of the flower bed 100, The drainage of the flower bed 100 discharged from the provided drainage port 102, the rainwater flowing through the rooftop floor surface F, and the like were processed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, by providing the drainage groove D along the peripheral wall 101 of the flower bed 100 as described above, there is a problem that the appearance of the rooftop is damaged.
[0004]
This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, and it aims at providing the flower bed which does not require watering while improving the external appearance of such a rooftop.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The flower bed according to claim 1 of the present invention made to achieve the above object is a flower bed provided along the peripheral wall of the existing flower bed, and drains water, rain water, and the like after the watering to the existing flower bed. disposed along the drain groove to flow, a support member inflow space of the drainage flows is provided, is laid in the laying space surrounded by the said support member and said drainage groove and the peripheral wall, after the water spray A water- absorbing member in which porous and water-retaining diatomaceous earth that absorbs water such as water and rainwater , and horticultural soil having a particle diameter smaller than that of the diatomaceous earth are laid in order from the bottom, and the installation length of the support member is It is installed on the bottom surface of the drainage groove and allows the excess drainage not to be absorbed by the water absorbing member to flow therethrough and also comprises a mesh drainage member that forms a drainage space through which the drainage flows between the drainage groove. It is a characteristic
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the flower bed 10 according to the present embodiment is provided on the roof of a reinforced concrete building that has been subjected to roof waterproofing such as asphalt waterproofing and surface-finished with mortar, tile, or the like. Rainwater or the like that is provided along the peripheral wall 101 of the existing flower bed 100 and is disposed along the drainage groove D provided along the peripheral wall 101 and flows on the rooftop floor F as shown in FIG. Is laid in a laying space S2 surrounded by the support member 20 provided with an inflow space S1 into which the inflow flows, and the peripheral wall 101, the support member 20, and the drainage groove D, and the discharge port 102 of the peripheral wall 101 and the support member The water absorbing member 30 that absorbs the waste water flowing out from the inflow space S1 of 20 and the bottom surface of the drainage groove D, and the excess water that is not absorbed by the water absorbing member 30 is allowed to flow through, and the waste water flows. It is made of the drainage member 40 for forming a water space S3. This will be described in more detail below.
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 3, the support member 20 includes a rectangular wooden board spacer 21 placed on the rooftop floor surface F along the drainage groove D at a predetermined interval, and the spacer 21. And a side plate 22 that is a sleeper-like wood. The length and width can be determined arbitrarily, but the height does not exceed the height of the peripheral wall 101. Then, by placing the spacer 21 at a predetermined interval and disposing the side plate 22 thereon, an inflow space S1 into which rainwater flowing on the rooftop floor F flows is provided at the lower end of the side plate 22. ing.
[0009]
In the present embodiment, the support member 20 is composed of two members, the spacer 21 and the side plate 22, but an inflow space into which drainage such as rainwater flowing on the roof floor F flows into the support member 20. Since it is sufficient if S1 can be provided, for example, the lower portion of the side plate 22 may be cut into a substantially U shape without providing the spacer 21 to form the inflow space S1. The shape is not particularly limited.
[0010]
The water absorbing member 30 is composed of diatomaceous earth 31 and horticultural soil 32, and, as shown in FIG. 2, the laying space S2 surrounded by the peripheral wall 101, the drainage groove D, and the support member 20 has the above-mentioned from the bottom. The diatomaceous earth 31 and the horticultural soil 32 are spread in this order. And the wastewater discharged from the drain outlet 102 provided in the peripheral wall 101 of the existing flower bed 100, the drainage of rainwater etc. discharged from the inflow space S1 through the rooftop floor F, the diatomaceous earth 31, the horticulture The soil 32 absorbs and retains water.
Further, since the diatomaceous earth 31 has a large particle size and is porous and has a water retention property, a gap 33 is formed between the diatomaceous earths 31 to ensure drainage and air permeability in the laying space S2, and plant In addition to preventing root rot and the like, when no drainage is supplied, the water stored in the diatomaceous earth 31 is released from the diatomaceous earth 31 and supplied to the plant.
[0011]
In the present embodiment, the water absorbing member 30 laid down below the laying space S2 is the diatomaceous earth 31, but is not limited to this, with a non-woven fabric or a porous synthetic resin obtained by compressing and bonding filamentary fibers, Those having strong water absorption are desirable.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 3, the drainage member 40 is obtained by dividing a mesh-like tubular body into two in the vertical direction, and the cut surface is the bottom surface of the drainage groove D along the entire installation length of the support member 20. It is installed in the drainage groove D so as to face down. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2, a drainage space S3 through which drainage flows is formed between the drainage groove D and the drainage member 40, and not only the drainage flow becomes smooth, but also the inside of the flower bed 10. Ensures breathability and prevents plant root rot. Moreover, the material and thickness of the said drainage member 40 should just be able to endure the weight with the said water absorbing member 30 and a plant, and the magnitude | size of the mesh should just be the grade which the said water absorbing member 30 does not fall. .
And although not shown in figure, after installing in the said drain ditch D, the mesh-shaped eye plate for preventing the clogging of the said drainage member 40 and removing the garbage which causes clogging is provided in the both ends. .
[0013]
In the present embodiment, the two drainage members 40 are installed on the bottom surface of the drainage groove D in parallel with each other in the length direction, but the drainage of rainwater or the like is discharged to the drainage groove D as with the support member 20. Since the drainage space S3 to be discharged may be formed, the shape is not limited to this, and a square tube or a mesh-like plate material may be formed in a substantially semicircular shape.
[0014]
Next, use of the flower bed 10 having the above configuration will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 3, the spacer 21 and the side plate 22 having a desired length are disposed along the drainage groove D, and then, at both ends of the side plate 22, the drainage groove D is orthogonal to each other. As shown in FIG. 4, the side plate 22 is provided to form an inflow space S1 into which drainage of rainwater flowing on the rooftop floor F flows, and the side plate 22, the drainage groove D, and the peripheral wall 101. And laying space S2 in which the water absorbing member 30 is spread.
In the present embodiment, the peripheral wall 101 is used as the support member 20 and the drain port 102 provided in the peripheral wall is used as the inflow space S1. If the support member 20 is provided on both sides of the drainage groove D, the space S2 for laying the water absorbing member 30 is formed.
[0015]
And as shown in FIG. 5, the said drainage member 40 is installed in the bottom face of the said drainage groove | channel D so that the said drainage space S3 may be formed, and the said diatomaceous earth 31 and the said gardening soil 32 are spread | laid in order on it. By spreading the horticultural soil 32 on the diatomaceous earth 31, the horticultural soil 32 having a particle diameter finer than that of the diatomaceous earth 31 is prevented from clogging the drainage member 40. Further, not only can the fertilizer be mixed with the horticultural soil 32 in advance, but also fertilization can be easily performed after planting, so that the growth of the plant can be promoted.
[0016]
After laying the gardening soil 50, as shown in FIG. 2, a desired plant is planted to complete the flower bed 10. Although the kind of plant planted in the said flower bed 10 is not specifically limited, The flower which does not have much root elongation and can grow in a small amount of water is desirable.
[0017]
After the installation of the flower bed 10, the drainage after sprinkling to the existing flower bed 100 and the drainage of rainwater flowing through the back floor surface F are, as shown in FIG. 6, the drainage port 102 of the peripheral wall 101, the support member The diatomite 31 and the horticultural soil 32 absorb and retain water, and are supplied to the roots of the plant. The excess drainage that has not been suspended in the diatomaceous earth 31, the garden soil 32, and the roots of the plant flows into the drainage space S3 from the drainage member 40 and is discharged into the drainage groove D.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the flower bed according to claim 1 of the present invention is a flower bed provided along the peripheral wall of the existing flower bed, and a drainage channel through which drainage of water, rainwater, etc. after spraying the existing flower bed flows. And a support member provided with an inflow space through which the drainage flows, and a laying space surrounded by the support member, the drainage groove, and the peripheral wall, and water and rainwater after the watering A water-absorbing member in which porous and water-retaining diatomaceous earth that absorbs wastewater and the like and horticultural soil having a particle diameter smaller than that of the diatomaceous earth are laid in order from the bottom, and the length of the drainage groove on the entire installation length of the support member The inflow space is composed of a mesh-like drainage member that is installed on the bottom surface and allows the excess drainage that is not absorbed by the water-absorbing member to pass therethrough and that forms a drainage space through which the drainage flows. Waste water discharged from It is held by the water-absorbing member and supplied to the roots of the plant, and regular watering by humans and machines is unnecessary, and excess drainage is discharged from the drainage member to the drainage space to ensure ventilation and drainage. There is an advantage that the plant can be suitably grown without causing root rot of the plant. Moreover, since a flower bed is formed in the upper part of a drain ditch, there exists an advantage that the external appearance, such as a rooftop, is not impaired. Furthermore, since the water-absorbing member is porous, moisture is retained in each hole and can be maintained in an appropriate moist atmosphere, and when there is little supply of drainage, moisture is released from the hole, By supplying to the roots of plants, there is an advantage that vegetation can be maintained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a flower bed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a support member.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a construction procedure according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a construction procedure according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the present embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an existing flower bed.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 flower bed 20 support member 30 water absorption member 40 drainage member 100 existing flower bed S1 inflow space S2 laying space S3 drainage space D drainage groove F roof floor

Claims

A flower bed provided along the peripheral wall of the existing flower bed, which is arranged along a drainage groove through which drainage water such as water or rainwater after sprinkling to the existing flower bed flows, and an inflow space into which the drainage flows is provided. A diatomaceous earth having a porous and water-retaining capacity, which is laid in a laying space surrounded by a supporting member, the supporting member, the drainage groove, and the peripheral wall, and absorbs drainage water such as water and rainwater after watering , and the diatomaceous earth A water absorption member formed by laying horticultural soil with a fine particle size in order from the bottom, and the excess length of the drainage water that is installed on the bottom surface of the drainage groove and is not absorbed by the water absorption member. And a mesh-like drainage member that forms a drainage space through which the drainage flows between the drainage groove .